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50 MW X-BAND RF SYSTEM FOR A PHOTOINJECTOR TEST STATION AT LLNL (open access)

50 MW X-BAND RF SYSTEM FOR A PHOTOINJECTOR TEST STATION AT LLNL

In support of X-band photoinjector development efforts at LLNL, a 50 MW test station is being constructed to investigate structure and photocathode optimization for future upgrades. A SLAC XL-4 klystron capable of generating 50 MW, 1.5 microsecond pulses will be the high power RF source for the system. Timing of the laser pulse on the photocathode with the applied RF field places very stringent requirements on phase jitter and drift. To achieve these requirements, the klystron will be powered by a state of the art, solid-state, high voltage modulator. The 50 MW will be divided between the photoinjector and a traveling wave accelerator section. A high power phase shifter is located between the photoinjector and accelerator section to adjust the phasing of the electron bunches with respect to the accelerating field. A variable attenuator is included on the input of the photoinjector. The distribution system including the various x-band components is being designed and constructed. In this paper, we will present the design, layout, and status of the RF system.
Date: March 11, 2011
Creator: Marsh, R A; Anderson, S G; Barty, C J; Beer, G K; Cross, R R; Ebbers, C A et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
2011 Chemical Reactions at Surfaces Gordon Research Conference (open access)

2011 Chemical Reactions at Surfaces Gordon Research Conference

The Gordon Research Conference on Chemical Reactions at Surfaces is dedicated to promoting and advancing the fundamental science of interfacial chemistry and physics by providing surface scientists with the foremost venue for presentation and discussion of research occurring at the frontiers of their fields.
Date: February 11, 2011
Creator: Stair, Peter
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
22X mask cleaning effects on EUV lithography process and lifetime (open access)

22X mask cleaning effects on EUV lithography process and lifetime

For this paper, we evaluated the impact of repetitive cleans on a photomask that was fabricated and patterned for extreme ultraviolet lithography exposure. The lithographic performance of the cleaned mask, in terms of process window and line edge roughness, was monitored with the SEMATECH Berkeley micro-exposure tool (MET). Each process measurement of the cleaned mask was compared to a reference mask with the same mask architecture. Both masks were imaged on the same day in order to eliminate any process-related measurement uncertainties. The cleaned mask was periodically monitored with atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements and pattern widths were monitored using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, reflectivity changes were also tracked with the aid of witness plate measurements. At the conclusion of this study, the mask under evaluation was cleaned 22 times; with none of the evaluation techniques showing any significant degradation in performance.
Date: March 11, 2011
Creator: George, Simi A.; Chen, Robert J.; Baclea-an, Lorie Mae & Naulleau, Patrick P.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
82nd Texas Legislature, Regular Session, House Bill 1174, Chapter 495 (open access)

82nd Texas Legislature, Regular Session, House Bill 1174, Chapter 495

Bill introduced by the Texas House of Representatives relating to the expiration of a county burn ban.
Date: June 11, 2011
Creator: Texas. Legislature. House of Representatives.
Object Type: Legislative Document
System: The Portal to Texas History
82nd Texas Legislature, Regular Session, House Concurrent Resolution 70 (open access)

82nd Texas Legislature, Regular Session, House Concurrent Resolution 70

Concurrent resolution introduced by the Texas House of Representatives and Senate recognizing February 28, 2011, as Texas Southern University Day at the State Capitol.
Date: March 11, 2011
Creator: Texas. Legislature. House of Representatives.
Object Type: Legislative Document
System: The Portal to Texas History
82nd Texas Legislature, Regular Session, House Concurrent Resolution 136 (open access)

82nd Texas Legislature, Regular Session, House Concurrent Resolution 136

Concurrent resolution introduced by the Texas House of Representatives and Senate commemorating April 2011 as Safe Digging Month.
Date: May 11, 2011
Creator: Texas. Legislature. House of Representatives.
Object Type: Legislative Document
System: The Portal to Texas History
Ab Initio No-Core Shell Model (open access)

Ab Initio No-Core Shell Model

A long-standing goal of nuclear theory is to determine the properties of atomic nuclei based on the fundamental interactions among the protons and neutrons (i.e., nucleons). By adopting nucleon-nucleon (NN), three-nucleon (NNN) and higher-nucleon interactions determined from either meson-exchange theory or QCD, with couplings fixed by few-body systems, we preserve the predictive power of nuclear theory. This foundation enables tests of nature's fundamental symmetries and offers new vistas for the full range of complex nuclear phenomena. Basic questions that drive our quest for a microscopic predictive theory of nuclear phenomena include: (1) What controls nuclear saturation; (2) How the nuclear shell model emerges from the underlying theory; (3) What are the properties of nuclei with extreme neutron/proton ratios; (4) Can we predict useful cross sections that cannot be measured; (5) Can nuclei provide precision tests of the fundamental laws of nature; and (6) Under what conditions do we need QCD to describe nuclear structure, among others. Along with other ab initio nuclear theory groups, we have pursued these questions with meson-theoretical NN interactions, such as CD-Bonn and Argonne V18, that were tuned to provide high-quality descriptions of the NN scattering phase shifts and deuteron properties. We then add meson-theoretic NNN …
Date: April 11, 2011
Creator: Barrett, B R; Navratil, P & Vary, J P
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Absorber height effects on SWA restrictions and 'Shadow' LER (open access)

Absorber height effects on SWA restrictions and 'Shadow' LER

None
Date: March 11, 2011
Creator: McClinton, Brittany M.; Naulleau, Patrick P. & Wallow, Thomas
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Access to Broadband Networks: The Net Neutrality Debate (open access)

Access to Broadband Networks: The Net Neutrality Debate

This report discusses the current debate over "net neutrality." While there is no single accepted definition of "net neutrality," most agree that any such definition should include the general principles that owners of the networks that compose and provide access to the Internet should not control how consumers lawfully use that network, and they should not be able to discriminate against content provider access to that network.
Date: March 11, 2011
Creator: Gilroy, Angele A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Administering Green Programs in Congress: Issues and Options (open access)

Administering Green Programs in Congress: Issues and Options

This report discusses "green" programs and the higher profile they have gained since the 110th Congress. "Green" programs are those designed to create an environmentally friendly work environment and conserve energy. This report discusses initiatives and policy options that would improve the "greening" process on Capitol Hill.
Date: March 11, 2011
Creator: Straus, Jacob R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advanced High-Speed Framing Camera Development for Fast, Visible Imaging Experiments (open access)

Advanced High-Speed Framing Camera Development for Fast, Visible Imaging Experiments

The advances in high-voltage switching developed in this project allow a camera user to rapidly vary the number of output frames from 1 to 25. A high-voltage, variable-amplitude pulse train shifts the deflection location to the new frame location during the interlude between frames, making multiple frame counts and locations possible. The final deflection circuit deflects to five different frame positions per axis, including the center position, making for a total of 25 frames. To create the preset voltages, electronically adjustable {+-}500 V power supplies were chosen. Digital-to-analog converters provide digital control of the supplies. The power supplies are clamped to {+-}400 V so as not to exceed the voltage ratings of the transistors. A field-programmable gated array (FPGA) receives the trigger signal and calculates the combination of plate voltages for each frame. The interframe time and number of frames are specified by the user, but are limited by the camera electronics. The variable-frame circuit shifts the plate voltages of the first frame to those of the second frame during the user-specified interframe time. Designed around an electrostatic image tube, a framing camera images the light present during each frame (at the photocathode) onto the tube’s phosphor. The phosphor persistence …
Date: May 11, 2011
Creator: Amy Lewis, Stuart Baker, Brian Cox, Abel Diaz, David Glass, Matthew Martin
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Afghanistan: Politics, Elections, and Government Performance (open access)

Afghanistan: Politics, Elections, and Government Performance

This report discusses the current political state of Afghanistan, as well as the Afghan government. This report also discusses Afghanistan's relationship with the United States, particularly U.S. efforts to urge President Hamid Karzai, to address corruption within the Afghan government. The report also includes discussion of election fraud and corruption in Afghanistan.
Date: October 11, 2011
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues (open access)

Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues

This report discusses the issue of U.S. economic assistance to sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting the importance of continued assistance in light of U.S. national security and also various U.S.-led efforts to promote reform amongst African citizens themselves. U.S. assistance finds its way to Africa through a variety of channels, including the USAID-administered DA program, food aid programs, and indirect aid provided through international financial institutions and the United Nations.
Date: February 11, 2011
Creator: Dagne, Ted
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
AGN Clustering in the Local Universe: An Unbiased Picture from Swift-BAT (open access)

AGN Clustering in the Local Universe: An Unbiased Picture from Swift-BAT

We present the clustering measurement of hard X-ray selected AGN in the local Universe. We used a sample of 199 sources spectroscopically confirmed detected by Swift-BAT in its 15-55 keV all-sky survey. We measured the real space projected auto-correlation function and detected a signal significant on projected scales lower than 200 Mpc/h. We measured a correlation length of r{sub 0} = 5.56{sup +0.49}{sub -0.43} Mpc/h and a slope {gamma} = 1.64{sup -0.08}{sub -0.07}. We also measured the auto-correlation function of Tyep I and Type II AGN and found higher correlation length for Type I AGN. We have a marginal evidence of luminosity dependent clustering of AGN, as we detected a larger correlation length of luminous AGN than that of low luminosity sources. The corresponding typical host DM halo masses of Swift-BAT are {approx} log(M{sub DMH) {approx} 12-14 h{sup -1}M/M{sub {circle_dot}} which is the typical mass of a galaxy group. We estimated that the local AGN population has a typical lifetime {tau}{sub AGN} {approx}0.7 Gyr, it is powered by SMBH with mass M{sub BH} {approx}1-10x10{sup 8} M{sub {circle_dot}} and accreting with very low efficiency, log({epsilon}){approx}-2.0>. We also conclude that local AGN galaxies are typically red-massive galaxies with stellar mass of the …
Date: August 11, 2011
Creator: Cappelluti, N.; /Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE; Ajello, M.; /SLAC /KIPAC, Menlo Park; Burlon, D.; /Garching, Max Planck Inst., MPE et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
AGN Unification at z ~ 1: u - R Colors and Gradients in X-ray AGN Hosts (open access)

AGN Unification at z ~ 1: u - R Colors and Gradients in X-ray AGN Hosts

None
Date: July 11, 2011
Creator: Ammons, S. M.; Rosario, D.; Koo, D.; Dutton, A.; Melbourne, J.; Max, C. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2012 Appropriations (open access)

Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2012 Appropriations

This report considers the Agriculture and Related Agencies appropriations bill. The report compares and contrasts the Senate and House versions of the bill in terms of budgeting.
Date: August 11, 2011
Creator: Monke, Jim
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Dispersion Modeling of Radioactive Releases During Proposed PFP Complex Demolition Activities (open access)

Air Dispersion Modeling of Radioactive Releases During Proposed PFP Complex Demolition Activities

This report is part of the planning process for the demolition of the 234-5Z, 236-Z, 242-Z, and 291-Z-1 structures at the Plutonium Finishing Plant (PFP) on the Hanford Site. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) supports the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the CH2M HILL Plateau Remediation Company (CHPRC) demolition planning effort by making engineering estimates of potential releases for various potential demolition alternatives. This report documents an analysis considering open-air demolition using standard techniques. It does not document any decisions about the decommissioning approaches; it is expected that this report will be revisited as the final details of the demolition are developed.
Date: January 11, 2011
Creator: Napier, Bruce A.; Droppo, James G. & Rishel, Jeremy P.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality: Information on Tall Smokestacks and Their Contribution to Interstate Transport of Air Pollution (open access)

Air Quality: Information on Tall Smokestacks and Their Contribution to Interstate Transport of Air Pollution

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Tall smokestacks--stacks of 500 feet or higher, which are primarily used at coal power plants--release air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) high into the atmosphere to help limit the impact of these emissions on local air quality. Tall stacks can also increase the distance these pollutants travel in the atmosphere and harm air quality and the environment in downwind communities. The 1977 amendments to the Clean Air Act encourage the use of pollution control equipment over dispersion techniques, such as tall stacks, to meet national air standards. Section 123 of the Act does not limit stack height, but prohibits sources of emissions from using the dispersion effects of stack heights in excess of a stack's good engineering practice (GEP) height to meet emissions limitations. GAO was asked to report on (1) the number and location of tall stacks of 500 feet or higher at coal power plants and when they began operating; (2) what is known about such stacks' contribution to the interstate transport of air pollution and the pollution controls installed at plants with these stacks; and (3) the number …
Date: May 11, 2011
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 136, No. 12, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 11, 2011 (open access)

The Albany News (Albany, Tex.), Vol. 136, No. 12, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 11, 2011

Weekly newspaper from Albany, Texas that includes local, county, and state news along with extensive advertising.
Date: August 11, 2011
Creator: Lucas, Melinda L.
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
The Allen American (Allen, Tex.), Vol. 41, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 11, 2011 (open access)

The Allen American (Allen, Tex.), Vol. 41, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 11, 2011

Weekly newspaper from Allen, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: August 11, 2011
Creator: Mann, Rick
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
ALLOYING-DRIVEN PHASE STABILITY IN GROUP-VB TRANSITION METALS UNDER COMPRESSION (open access)

ALLOYING-DRIVEN PHASE STABILITY IN GROUP-VB TRANSITION METALS UNDER COMPRESSION

The change in phase stability of Group-VB (V, Nb, and Ta) transition metals due to pressure and alloying is explored by means of first-principles electronic-structure calculations. It is shown that under compression stabilization or destabilization of the ground-state body-centered cubic (bcc) phase of the metal is mainly dictated by the band-structure energy that correlates well with the position of the Kohn anomaly in the transverse acoustic phonon mode. The predicted position of the Kohn anomaly in V, Nb, and Ta is found to be in a good agreement with data from the inelastic x-ray or neutron scattering measurements. In the case of alloying the change in phase stability is defined by the interplay between the band-structure and Madelung energies. We show that band-structure effects determine phase stability when a particular Group-VB metal is alloyed with its nearest neighbors within the same d-transition series: the neighbor with less and more d electrons destabilize and stabilize the bcc phase, respectively. When V is alloyed with neighbors of a higher (4d- or 5d-) transition series, both electrostatic Madelung and band-structure energies stabilize the body-centered-cubic phase. The opposite effect (destabilization) happens when Nb or Ta is alloyed with neighbors of the 3d-transition series.
Date: April 11, 2011
Creator: Landa, A & Soderlind, P
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 22, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 11, 2011 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 22, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 11, 2011

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: May 11, 2011
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 88, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 11, 2011 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 88, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 11, 2011

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: August 11, 2011
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 110, Ed. 1 Sunday, September 11, 2011 (open access)

The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 112, No. 110, Ed. 1 Sunday, September 11, 2011

Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: September 11, 2011
Creator: Bush, Michael
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History