The program ATOMLLL draws color, shaded, hidden-surface pictures and movies of ball-and-stick and space-filling molecular models. From a file containing the colors and radii of the atoms, the coordinates of their centers, and the descriptions of bonds, if any, the program computes the visible portions of each atom. ATOMLLL then writes their descriptions into a file that can be copied to tape. The tape is read by a Varian minicomputer, which controls the plotting on the Dicomed D-48 color-film recorder. 1 reference.

The ATOMS program, written at Bell Telephone Laboratory, is capable of determining the visible portions of a scene consisting of interpenetrating spheres and cylinders, put together to represent space-filling or ball-and-stick molecular models. The Lawrence Livermore Laboratory version contains enhancements to add shading and highlights, and to render the spheres on film as ellipses, so they will appear round when projected in various wide-screen formats. The visible parts of each sphere or cylinder are shaded by a minicomputer controlling the film recorder, thus releasing the main computer from transferring the millions of intensity values for each frame. The minicomputer is microprogrammed with an efficient algorithm for the intensities, which uses the color look-up tables in the film recorder to store the reflectance as a function of angle of incidence. 8 references.

We have successfully developed a new process for making strong, smooth, thick SiO/sub 2/ films on hemispherical Kovar mandrels of various sizes designed for multishell Laser Fusion Targets. The surface finish obtainable with a 13 ..mu..m thick SiO/sub 3/ coating on a 260 ..mu..m dia. mandrel is approximately 30 nm peak-to-peak, with a few defects of roughly 0.3 ..mu..m deep. The rf magnetron sputtered SiO/sub 2/ films were dense and crystalline.

The computer languages available for the systems and application implementation on the Supervisory Control and Diagnostics System (SCDS) for the Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF) were surveyed and evaluated. Four language processors, CAL (Common Assembly Language), Extended FORTRAN, CORAL 66, and Sequential Pascal (SPASCAL, a subset of Concurrent Pascal (CPASCAL)) are commercially available for the Interdata 7/32 and 8/32 computers that constitute the SCDS. Of these, the Sequential Pascal available from Kansas State University appears best for the job in terms of minimizing the implementation time, debugging time, and maintenance time. This improvement in programming productivity is due to the availability of a high-level, block-structured language that includes many compile-time and run-time checks to detect errors. In addition, the advanced data-types in language allow easy description of the program variables. 1 table.

Raman and ESR measurements were used to study the atomic bonding and defect concentrations. Features are identified in the Raman spectra which can be attributed to configurations containing Si-Si, Si-As and As-As bonds. Features due to all three of these configurations were found to simultaneously exist, thus excluding a chemically ordered model of the bonding. However, the composition dependences of the features do not follow exactly a random bonding model either. The H bonding configurations were reflected in features at approx.2000 cm/sup -1/ in the Raman spectra. It was found that the H bonding changed dramatically in the As doping to 5% As alloying region. The ESR measurements indicated a low level of singly occupied defect states in all the samples studied.

Control system techniques developed and proven on the Shiva laser have been extended to incorporate new electronic and electo-optic devices as well as conform to unique operational requirements of the 300 terawatt Nova laser system. This paper describes one segment of the control system being designed for the Nova laser currently under design/construction at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. The specific segment covered is the control system bus structure responsible for power conditioning and real-time control functions.

Scientists at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory have been conducting laser driven inertial confinement fusion experiments for over five years. The first proof of the thermonuclear burn came at the Janus target irradiation facility in the spring of 1975. Since that time three succeedingly higher energy facilities have been constructed at Livermore, Cyclops, Argus and Shiva, where increased fusion efficiency has been demonstrated. A new facility, called Nova, is now in the construction phase and we are hopeful that scientific break even (energy released compared to incident laser energy on target) will be demonstrated here in early 1980's. Projected progress of the Livermore program is shown.

We have measured the shock-compression parameters for UO/sub 2/ to 330 GPa. The Hugoniot elastic limit was found to be 5.7 GPa. Evidence for a shock-induced phase transition was observed at about 54 GPa.

This study was conducted to understand and control the parameters governing the formation of defects in plasma polymerized surfaces. An inductively-coupled discharge was used as the source of activated monomer. Four types of well characterized surface irregularities were produced on glass slides which were subsequently fluorocarbon coated. Optimization of the process variables is discussed. (MOW)

Macroencapsulated PCM cemented within masonry building blocks can markedly increase the effectiveness of an equivalent volume of concrete for use as a mass wall for passive solar applications. Various hydrocarbons and hydrated salts were tested. The test procedure and results are presented and discussed. Of the PCM's tested, the most promising candidate material is calcium chloride hexahydrate. The best performing PCM blocks performed on a par with a massive masonry design. (WHK)

We have developed processes at LLL for mass producing the high quality glass microspheres required for current laser fusion targets. Here we describe the methods and the materials used in our liquid-droplet and dried-gel systems. Glass microspheres ranging from 70 to 600 microns O.D., with walls from 0.5 to 18 microns thick and which satisfy the exacting surface and symmetry specifications of targets for high density experiments are now produced routinely.

Trade-off studies of Near Term Hybrid Vehicle (NTHV) design elements were performed to identify the most promising design concept in terms of achievable petroleum savings. The activities in these studies are described. The results are presented as preliminary NTHV body design, expected fuel consumption as a function of vehicle speed, engine requirements, battery requirements, and vehicle reliability and cost. (LCL)

This appendix to the final report on the Hybrid Passenger Vehicle Development Program contans data on Na-S batteries, Ni-Zn batteries; vehicle body design; tire characteristics; and results of computer simulations of vehicle yaw, pitch, and roll under various driving and aerodynamic conditions. (LCL)

This paper discusses magnets in the PEP beam-transport line. Topics discussed are: conditioning, direction of excitation, rate of excitation; determination of the excitation current for the principal bend magnets; steering mechanisms; bump magnets; and determination of excitation currents of the quadrupole magnets. (LSP)

Objective of the evaluation is to evaluate the effectiveness of the electrostatic prefilter in prolonging the life of HEPA (high-efficiency particulate-air) filters. The theory of the electrostatic filter is reviewed, and Glove Box Number 046 is described in detail, followed by a description of the electrostatic prefilter used in the present application. Engineering drawings of the electrostatic prefilter are included. The procedure for evaluating the electrostatic prefilter includes the steps for conducting five different tests: evaluating (1) the HEPA filter alone, (2 and 3) the HEPA filter with a standard prefilter treated both as disposable and reusable, and (4 and 5) the HEPA filter with the electrostatic prefilter, again treated as disposable and reusable. Procedures for flowmeter calibrations and measurements of particle-size distributions are also included. Long-term maintenence of the system during the evaluation program is outlined, and estimates of component durability are given. An electrical engineering safety note describes the high-voltage operational hazard of the electrostatic prefilter and the testing of safety devices (the current-overload trip circuit, the filter-door-interlock system, and the current-limiting resistor).

The preferential acceleration and resulting cosmic ray abundance enhancements of heavy elements (relative to protons) are calculated in the collisionless supernova shock acceleration model described by Eichler in earlier work. Rapidly increasing enhancements up to several tens times solar ratios are obtained as a function of atomic weight over charge at the time of acceleration. For material typical of hot phase interstellar medium, good agreement is obtained with the observed abundance enhancements.

The Mirror Fusion Program in the US is now focused on two concepts that can obtain high values of the power gain factor Q. These are the tandem mirror and field reversed mirror concepts. A new facility called TMX has been constructed to test the principles of the tandem mirror. A further attempt to create field reversal is being carried out in the 2XIIB facility (renamed Beta II) with neutral beam injection into a reversed-field target plasma to be created by a magnetized coaxial gun. During the next 5 years, the main mirror facilities in the US will be the TMX, Beta II, and a large mirror device called MFTF scheduled to operate by 1982. The program based on these facilities will be outlined and initial experimental results from TMX will be discussed.

Specifications for casting the centerbody housing of the vulcan heater are provided. CD-4MCu steel has been specified for the centerbody and the properties of the steel are given. (FS)

The sintering of pure and doped boron carbide was investigated over the temperature range 1898 to 2380/sup 0/K and at additive levels ranging from 0.75 to 10.0%. The addition of 0.75 and 3.8 wt% of AlF/sub 3/, Ni, Fe, and Cu deactivated the sintering of B/sub 4/C at all temperatures. In contrast, the addition of 10.0 wt% these additives resulted in enhanced shrinkage in B/sub 4/C for the temperatures 1898 and 2133/sup 0/K. At the highest temperature, 2380/sup 0/K, the addition of 10.0 wt% AlF/sub 3/ was the only case where enhanced shrinkage was observed. In this case, x-ray analysis showed the formation of a B/sub 12/C/sub 2/Al compound and the release of fluorine. These results are interpreted in terms of a grain-boundary diffusion process for pure and doped B/sub 4/C.

The Lawrence Livermore Laboratory is involved in a program to produce energy by the laser-induced fusion of microtargets. These laser systems have become very large and powerful. In Shiva, the amplifier rods common to smaller systems have been replaced with an array of large elliptical amplifier discs with major axes as large as 42 cm. Under the high power levels of these devices it is imperative that the optical surfaces remain scrupulously clean. All units are therefore cleaned, assembled, and operated under clean room conditions. In spite of such precautions, persistent problems arise. These can be grouped into three categories: (1) the appearance of unknown contaminants from unknown sources, (2) the transfer of material from one part of the assembly to another, and (3) laser beam damage to the optical surfaces. Theses problems and their resolution by surface analytical methods are discussed. In addition some unique problems associated with the very large sample sizes are described.

The Fuels and Materials Examination Facility (FMEF) is systematically analyzed from a remote maintenance standpoint using functional analysis methods. From the analysis the remote maintainability of equipment is ascertained, required tooling lists are formed, and maintenance downtimes are established. These techniques identify deficiencies or inefficiencies in the early design stage where changes have a minimum impact on cost. Special tooling and fixture requirements are minimized by standardizing remote maintenance design features.

Two components made from LLL stock tantalum sheets have failed to operate as designed under high-explosive loading. The as-fabricated metallurgical state of the tantalum was suspected as one possible cause. To investigate this possibility, the microstructure, hardness, and chemical composition of the component material was evaluated. Both as-received tantalum starting sheets and a formed component were evaluated. The evaluation showed that these components were given an anneal that relieved stresses but did not recrystallize the material. The components were thus stronger than necessary. A recrystallization anneal would further lower both the hardness and the yield stress. Nevertheless, the current metallurgical state of the components should have been adequate to serve the design function.

Document issued by the Office of the Attorney General of Texas in Austin, Texas, providing an interpretation of Texas law. It provides the opinion of the Texas Attorney General, Mark White, regarding a legal question submitted for clarification; Whether facilities of the Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation are authorized to pay application fees to the Health Facilities Commission for projects donated to the Department.

A weekly publication, the Texas Register serves as the journal of state agency rulemaking for Texas. Information published in the Texas Register includes proposed, adopted, withdrawn and emergency rule actions, notices of state agency review of agency rules, governor's appointments, attorney general opinions, and miscellaneous documents such as requests for proposals. After adoption, these rulemaking actions are codified into the Texas Administrative Code.