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China-U.S. Trade Issues (open access)

China-U.S. Trade Issues

This report discusses the U.S.-China economic relationship and China's rapid expansion as a global economic market, both with respect to the current global economic crisis. It also examines major U.S.-China trade issues and related legislation.
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

Navy Force Structure and Shipbuilding Plans: Background and Issues for Congress

This report provides background information and presents potential issues for Congress concerning the Navy's ship force-structure goals and shipbuilding plans. The planned size of the Navy, the rate of Navy ship procurement, and the prospective affordability of the Navy's shipbuilding plans have been matters of concern for the congressional defense committees for the past several years. Decisions that Congress makes on Navy shipbuilding programs can substantially affect Navy capabilities and funding requirements, and the U.S. shipbuilding industrial base.
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Career and Technical Education (CTE): A Primer (open access)

Career and Technical Education (CTE): A Primer

This report discusses Career and Technical Education (CTE), often referred to as vocational education, that provides occupational and non-occupational preparation at the secondary, post-secondary, and adult education levels.
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: Dortch, Cassandria
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Strategy: In Brief (open access)

The Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Strategy: In Brief

This report briefly analyzes the Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Strategy (HSRS), which is the key strategic document released by the Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force established by executive order. It also discusses overarching issues for Congress that may arise in oversight of the Hurricane Sandy recovery process and how lessons learned from Hurricane Sandy can be applied to future disasters.
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: Brown, Jared T.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The FutureGen Carbon Capture and Sequestration Project: A Brief History and Issues for Congress (open access)

The FutureGen Carbon Capture and Sequestration Project: A Brief History and Issues for Congress

This report briefly summarizes the history of FutureGen, discusses why it has gained interest and support from some members of Congress and the Administration while remaining in initial stages of development, and offers some policy considerations on barriers that challenge its further development as a model for a carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) program. A timeline history of FutureGen is included at the end of this report.
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: Folger, Peter
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Government Assistance for GMAC/Ally Financial: Unwinding the Government Stake (open access)

Government Assistance for GMAC/Ally Financial: Unwinding the Government Stake

This report discusses the auto financing industry, particularly Ally Financial, formerly known as General Motors Acceptance Corporation or GMAC.
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: Webel, Baird & Canis, Bill
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Carbon Capture and Sequestration: Research, Development, and Demonstration at the U.S. Department of Energy (open access)

Carbon Capture and Sequestration: Research, Development, and Demonstration at the U.S. Department of Energy

This report aims to provide a snapshot of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) program, including its current funding levels and the budget request for FY2014, together with some discussion of the program's achievements and prospects for success in meeting its stated goals.
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: Folger, Peter
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda): U.S. and International Response to Philippines Disaster (open access)

Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda): U.S. and International Response to Philippines Disaster

This report examines the impact of Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda), which struck the central Philippines on November 8, 2013, and the U.S. and international response.
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: Lum, Thomas & Margesson, Rhoda
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Food Fraud and "Economically Motivated Adulteration" of Food and Food Ingredients (open access)

Food Fraud and "Economically Motivated Adulteration" of Food and Food Ingredients

This report discusses food fraud, or the act of defrauding buyers of food and food ingredients for economic gain. It includes background information, an overview of available data and information repositories related to food fraud, federal activities involving food fraud, and Congressional actions involving food fraud.
Date: January 10, 2014
Creator: Johnson, Renée
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Distribution of Household Income and the Middle Class (open access)

The Distribution of Household Income and the Middle Class

This report provides an analysis of the distribution of household income in the United States and a discussion of "the middle class" in terms of absolute and relative income.
Date: March 10, 2014
Creator: Elwell, Craig K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Drug Shortages: Threat to Public Health Persists, Despite Actions to Help Maintain Product Availability (open access)

Drug Shortages: Threat to Public Health Persists, Despite Actions to Help Maintain Product Availability

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The number of drug shortages remains high. Although reports of new drug shortages declined in 2012, the total number of shortages active during a given year—including both new shortages reported and ongoing shortages that began in a prior year—has increased since 2007. Many shortages are of generic sterile injectable drugs. Provider association representatives reported that drug shortages may force providers to ration care or face difficulties finding alternative drugs."
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Presidential Helicopter Acquisition: Update on Program's Progress toward Development Start (open access)

Presidential Helicopter Acquisition: Update on Program's Progress toward Development Start

Correspondence issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "GAO found that the Navy continued to make progress in the past year toward (1) establishing a knowledge-based program that generally aligned with acquisition best practices and (2) meeting corresponding statutory certification requirements for entering the Department of Defense (DOD) acquisition process in the engineering and manufacturing development phase. The Navy has met or expects to meet requirements relating to assessment of technology readiness, making appropriate trade-offs to achieve affordability and getting approval of requirements, and development of an independent cost estimate. DOD has, however, waived a requirement for competitive prototyping and the Navy plans to defer a system level preliminary design review (PDR) until after the start of development. GAO reviewed DOD’s waiver of competitive prototyping for the VXX program last year and found that it addresses one of the two bases provided in Weapon Systems Acquisition Reform Act of 2009 for such waivers; that is, that the cost to provide competitive prototypes exceeded the expected benefits. In addition, while the Navy’s plan to defer a system level PDR until after the start of system development deviates from acquisition best practices and is a waiver of a …
Date: April 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
KC-46 Tanker Aircraft: Program Generally on Track, but Upcoming Schedule Remains Challenging (open access)

KC-46 Tanker Aircraft: Program Generally on Track, but Upcoming Schedule Remains Challenging

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The KC-46 program has made good progress over the past year—acquisition costs have remained relatively stable, the critical design review was successfully completed, the program is on track to meet performance parameters, and the contractor started building development aircraft. As shown, total program acquisition costs—which include development, production, and military construction costs—and unit costs have changed less than 1 percent since February 2011."
Date: April 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Air Force: Actions Needed to Strengthen Management of Unmanned Aerial System Pilots (open access)

Air Force: Actions Needed to Strengthen Management of Unmanned Aerial System Pilots

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Air Force has managed its remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) pilots using some strategic human-capital approaches, such as planning for the different levels of experience that it needs in these pilots. However, it continues to face challenges. High-performing organizations manage human capital to identify the right number of personnel and to target the right sources to fill personnel needs. In 2008, the Air Force determined the optimum number of RPA pilots—the crew ratio—for some units, but it did not account for all tasks these units complete. Air Force officials stated that, as a result, the crew ratio is too low, but the Air Force has not updated it. Air Force guidance states that low crew ratios diminish combat capability and cause flight safety to suffer, but the Air Force has operated below its optimum crew ratio and it has not established a minimum crew ratio. Further, high work demands on RPA pilots limit the time they have available for training and development and negatively affects their work-life balance. In addition, the Air Force faces challenges recruiting officers into the RPA pilot career and may face challenges …
Date: April 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Joint Professional Military Education: Opportunities Exist for Greater Oversight and Coordination of Associated Research Institutions (open access)

Joint Professional Military Education: Opportunities Exist for Greater Oversight and Coordination of Associated Research Institutions

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Joint Professional Military Education (JPME) research institutions, particularly at the National Defense University, experienced growth in number, funding, and size in terms of staffing levels from fiscal year (FY) 2007 through FY 2011, but the number of institutions as well as funding and staffing levels declined over the past 2 years. For example, total funding for JPME research institutions increased from $30.8 million in FY 2007 to $47.7 million in FY 2011, but subsequently decreased to $40.6 million in FY 2013. GAO identified several factors that contributed to these institutions' growth, including increases in funding provided by outside organizations for research and the creation of new research institutions. Department of Defense (DOD) officials reported that DOD-wide budget reductions, including the effects of sequestration, contributed to decreases in the number, size, and funding for JPME research institutions."
Date: March 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Inspectors General: Oversight of Small Federal Agencies and the Role of the Inspectors General (open access)

Inspectors General: Oversight of Small Federal Agencies and the Role of the Inspectors General

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended (IG Act), originally established inspectors general (IG) appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate in 12 major departments and agencies of the government to conduct and supervise independent audits and investigations; recommend policies to promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness; and prevent and detect fraud and abuse in their departments' and agencies' programs and operations. Based in part on GAO's findings that the internal audit offices of small federal agencies lacked independence and provided inadequate coverage of important programs, the Congress passed the IG Act Amendments of 1988 to establish IGs in designated federal entities (DFE), which are generally smaller agencies established in various statutes as commissions, boards, authorities, corporations, endowments, foundations, institutions, agencies, and administrations identified by the act. The DFE IGs are appointed by their respective entity heads with duties and responsibilities similar to those of IGs appointed by the President. The Congress used a budget threshold of $100 million to help determine which DFEs should have IGs. However, additional DFEs below this threshold were also included for specific reasons."
Date: April 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Countering Overseas Threats: Gaps in State Department Management of Security Training May Increase Risk to U.S. Personnel (open access)

Countering Overseas Threats: Gaps in State Department Management of Security Training May Increase Risk to U.S. Personnel

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Using data from multiple sources, GAO determined that 675 of 708 Department of State (State) personnel and all 143 U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) personnel on assignments longer than 6 months (assigned personnel) in the designated high-threat countries on March 31, 2013, were in compliance with the Foreign Affairs Counter Threat (FACT) training requirement. GAO found that the remaining 33 State assigned personnel on such assignments had not complied with the mandatory requirement. For State and USAID personnel on temporary duty of 6 months or less (short-term TDY personnel), GAO was unable to assess compliance because of gaps in State's data. State does not systematically maintain data on the universe of U.S. personnel on short-term TDY status to designated high-threat countries who were required to complete FACT training. This is because State lacks a mechanism for identifying those who are subject to the training requirement. These data gaps prevent State or an independent reviewer from assessing compliance with the FACT training requirement among short-term TDY personnel. According to Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government , program managers need operating information to determine whether …
Date: March 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Medicare Part D: CMS Has Implemented Processes to Oversee Plan Finder Pricing Accuracy and Improve Website Usability (open access)

Medicare Part D: CMS Has Implemented Processes to Oversee Plan Finder Pricing Accuracy and Improve Website Usability

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), the agency within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that administers Medicare, uses data checks and quality measures to oversee the accuracy of Part D plan pricing information on the Plan Finder interactive website. Part D sponsors may have multiple contracts with CMS to provide drug coverage, with each contract covering one or more distinct Part D plans, and CMS is responsible for overseeing plan sponsors' compliance with their Part D contracts. CMS requires Part D plan sponsors to submit drug pricing information for their plans, which Plan Finder uses to estimate beneficiaries' cost-sharing amounts and expected annual drug costs. To ensure the accuracy of this information,"
Date: January 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Drug Shortages: Public Health Threat Continues, Despite Efforts to Help Ensure Product Availability (open access)

Drug Shortages: Public Health Threat Continues, Despite Efforts to Help Ensure Product Availability

A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The number of drug shortages remains high. Although reports of new drug shortages declined in 2012, the total number of shortages active during a given year—including both new shortages reported and ongoing shortages that began in a prior year—has increased since 2007. Many shortages are of generic sterile injectable drugs. Provider association representatives reported that drug shortages may force providers to ration care or rely on less effective drugs."
Date: February 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Status of Efforts to Initiate an Amphibious Combat Vehicle Program (open access)

Status of Efforts to Initiate an Amphibious Combat Vehicle Program

Correspondence issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Amphibious Combat Vehicle (ACV) effort has not yet reached Milestone A—the decision point in DOD’s acquisition process that generally authorizes assessment of potential technologies for an eventual acquisition program. At this point, Marine Corps officials are weighing the cost and technological feasibility of their required capabilities. In November 2011, the Marines Corps began an Analysis of Alternatives (AOA)—a key first step in the acquisition process intended to assess alternative weapon system solutions for addressing a validated need—to identify an affordable alternative to the canceled Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle. Following completion of that study in mid-2012, the Marine Corps Commandant directed the program to perform a second study to assess the feasibility and affordability of a variant capable of higher water speed. This second analysis has been completed, but no formal decisions have been made regarding whether to commence an acquisition program or what path it will take, if initiated. Program officials suggest that development of a high water speed technology may prove unaffordable at this time."
Date: April 10, 2014
Creator: United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type: Text
System: The UNT Digital Library
Congress's Contempt Power and the Enforcement of Congressional Subpoenas: Law, History, Practice, and Procedure (open access)

Congress's Contempt Power and the Enforcement of Congressional Subpoenas: Law, History, Practice, and Procedure

This report examines the source of the contempt power, reviews the historical development of the early case law, outlines the statutory and common law basis for Congress's contempt power, and analyzes the procedures associated with inherent contempt, criminal contempt, and the civil enforcement of subpoenas. It also includes a detailed discussion of two recent information access disputes that led to the approval of contempt citations in the House against then-White House Chief of Staff Joshua Bolten and former White House Counsel Harriet Miers, as well as Attorney General Eric Holder. Finally, the report discusses both non-constitutional and constitutionally-based limitations on the contempt power.
Date: April 10, 2014
Creator: Garvey, Todd & Dolan, Alissa M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities--Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities--Background and Issues for Congress

This report focuses on the potential implications of China's naval modernization for future required U.S. Navy capabilities. The report particularly discusses how potential United States responses to China's military modernization effort -- including its naval modernization effort -- have emerged as a key issue in U.S. defense planning.
Date: April 10, 2014
Creator: O'Rourke, Ronald
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Congress's Contempt Power and the Enforcement of Congressional Subpoenas: A Sketch (open access)

Congress's Contempt Power and the Enforcement of Congressional Subpoenas: A Sketch

This report examines the source of Congress's contempt power; analyzes the procedures associated with inherent contempt, criminal contempt, and the civil enforcement of subpoenas; and discusses the obstacles that face Congress in enforcing a contempt action against an executive branch official.
Date: April 10, 2014
Creator: Garvey, Todd & Dolan, Alissa M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library

A Model for Integrating the Publication and Preservation of Journal Articles

Presentation for Open Repositories 2014 discussing a model for integrating the publication and preservation of journal articles.
Date: June 10, 2014
Creator: Hawkins, Kevin S.
Object Type: Presentation
System: The UNT Digital Library