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III-Nitride Dry Etching - Comparison of Inductively Coupled Plasma Chemistries
A systematic study of the etch characteristics of GaN, AlN and InN has been performed with boron halides- (BI{sub 3} and BBr{sub 3}) and interhalogen- (ICl and IBr) based Inductively Coupled Plasmas. Maximum etch selectivities of -100:1 were achieved for InN over both GaN and AlN in the BI{sub 3} mixtures due to the relatively high volatility of the InN etch products and the lower bond strength of InN. Maximum selectivies of- 14 for InN over GaN and >25 for InN over AlN were obtained with ICl and IBr chemistries. The etched surface morphologies of GaN in these four mixtures are similar or better than those of the control sample.
Date:
November 10, 1998
Creator:
Abernathy, C.R.; Cho, H.; Donovan, S.M.; Hahn, Y-B.; Han, J.; Hays, D.C. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Global Climate Change: Selected Legal Questions About the Kyoto Protocol
This report discusses the Kyoto Protocol and whether the United States is now legally bound by the Protocol, the legal implications of signing it, whether it could be implemented as an executive agreement without submission to the Senate, and whether the Protocol could be used as the legal basis for regulation of emissions even prior to ratification.
Date:
April 10, 1998
Creator:
Ackerman, David M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fiscal year 1999 waste information requirements document
The Waste Information Requirements Document (WIRD) has the following purposes: To describe the overall drivers that require characterization information and to document their source; To define how characterization is going to satisfy the drivers, close issues, and measure and report progress; and To describe deliverables and acceptance criteria for characterization. Characterization information is required to maintain regulatory compliance, perform operations and maintenance, resolve safety issues, and prepare for disposal of waste. Commitments addressing these requirements are derived from the Hanford Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order, also known as the Tri-Party Agreement; the Recommendation 93-5 Implementation Plan (DOE-RL 1996a) to the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (DNFSB); and other requirement sources listed in Section 2.0. The Waste Information Requirements Document replaces the tank waste analysis plans and the tank characterization plan previously required by the Tri-Party Agreement, Milestone M-44-01 and M-44-02 series.
Date:
August 10, 1998
Creator:
Adams, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Molten salt oxidation for treating low-level mixed wastes
MS0 is a promising alternative to incineration for the treatment of a variety of organic wastes. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has prepared a facility (please see the photo attached) in which an integrated pilot-scale MS0 treatment system is being tested and demonstrated. The system consists of a MS0 vessel with a dedicated off-gas treatment system, a salt recycle system, feed preparation equipment, and a ceramic final waste forms immobilization system. The MSO/off-gas system has been operational since December 1997. The salt recycle system and the ceramic final forms immobilization became operational in May and August 1998, respectively. We have tested the MS0 facility with various organic feeds, including chlorinated solvents; tributyl phosphate/kerosene, PCB-contaminated waste oils & solvents, booties, plastic pellets, ion exchange resins, activated carbon, radioactive-spiked organics, and well-characterized low- level liquid mixed wastes. MS0 is a versatile technology for hazardous waste treatment and may be a solution to many waste disposal problems. In this paper we will present our operational experience with MS0 and also discuss its process capabilities as well as performance data with different feeds.
Date:
December 10, 1998
Creator:
Adamson, M G; Ford, T D; Foster, K G; Hipple, D L; Hopper, R W & Hsu, P C
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Reciprocal-Space Analysis of Compositional Modulation in Short-Period Superlattices Using Position-Sensitive X-Ray Detection
Epitaxial growth of AlAs-InAs short-period superlattices on (001) InP can lead to heterostructures exhibiting strong, quasi-periodic, lateral modulation of the alloy composition; transverse satellites arise in reciprocal space as a signature of the compositional modulation. Using an x-ray diffractometer equipped with a position-sensitive x-ray detector, we demonstrate reciprocal-space mapping of these satellites as an efficient, nondestructive means for detecting and characterizing the occurrence of compositional modulation. Systematic variations in the compositional modulation due to the structural design and the growth conditions of the short-period superlattice are characterized by routine mapping of the lateral satellites. Spontaneous compositional modulation occurs along the growth front during molecular-beam epitaxy of (AlAs) (InAs)n short-period superlattices. The modulation is quasi-periodic and forms a lateral superlattice superimposed on the intended SPS structure. Corresponding transverse satellites arise about each reciprocal lattice point, and x-ray diffraction can be routinely used to map their local reciprocal-space structure. The integrated intensity, spacing, orientation, and shape of these satellites provide a reliable means for nondestructively detecting and characterizing the compositional modulation in short-period superlattices. The analytical efficiency afforded by the use of a PSD has enabled detailed study of systematic vacations in compositional modulation as a function of the average composition, the …
Date:
November 10, 1998
Creator:
Ahrenkiel, S. P.; Follstaedt, D. M.; Lee, S. R.; Millunchick, J. M.; Norman, A. G.; Reno, J. L. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Quarterly Technical Progress Report - Investigation of Syngas Interaction in Alcohol Synthesis Catalysts
This report presents the work done on " Investigation of Syngas Interaction in Alcohol Synthesis Catalysts" during the last quarter. The major activity during this period is on FTIR absorption studies of Co/Cr catalysts using CO as a probe molecule. Transition metals cobalt and copper play significant roles in the conversion of syngas (CO + H2 ) to liquid fuels. With a view to examine the nature of interaction between CO and metal, the FTIR spectra of CO adsorbed on Co-Cr2 O3 composites were investigated. The results indicate that as cobalt loading increases, the intensity of the CO adsorption bands increase and several vibrational modes seem to be promoted. Heat treatment of the sample revealed two distinct processes of adsorption. Bands due to physisorption disappeared while bands due to chemisorption not only increased in intensity but persisted even after desorption. It seems that the physisorption process is more active when the catalyst is fresh and is hindered when carbidic/carbonyl formations occur on the metal surfaces.
Date:
November 10, 1998
Creator:
Akundi, Murty A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Oral History Interview with Frederick H. Kline, February 10, 1998
Access:
Use of this item is restricted to the UNT Community
Transcript of an interview with Frederick H. Kline, an Army Air Forces veteran, concerning his experiences as a photographic laboratory technician in the China-Burma-India Theater during World War II. Appendix includes photos of Frederick J. Kline at twenty-five years of age and of him and his wife after fifty-two years of marriage.
Date:
February 10, 1998
Creator:
Alexander, William J. & Kline, Frederick H., 1918-
Object Type:
Book
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 21, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 10, 1998
Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
September 10, 1998
Creator:
Allam, Heather
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Oklahoma Daily (Norman, Okla.), Vol. 83, No. 63, Ed. 1 Tuesday, November 10, 1998
Student newspaper of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma that includes national, local, and campus news along with advertising.
Date:
November 10, 1998
Creator:
Allam, Heather
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Nanometer-Scale Compositional Structure in III-V Semiconductor Heterostructures Characterized by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
Nanometer-scale compositional structure in InAsxP1.InNYAsxPl.x-Y/InP, grown by gas-source molecular-beam epitaxy and in InAsl-xPJkAsl$b#InAs heterostructures heterostructures grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition has been characterized using cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy. InAsxP1-x alloy layers are found to contain As-rich and P-rich clusters with boundaries formed preferentially within (T 11) and (111) crystal planes. Similar compositional structure is observed within InNYAsxP1-x-Y alloy layers. Imaging of InAsl-xp@Asl#bY superlattices reveals nanometer-scale clustering within both the hAsI-.p and InAsl$bY alloy layers, with preferential alignment of compositional features in the direction. Instances are observed of compositional structure correlated across a heterojunction interface, with regions whose composition corresponds to a smaller unstrained lattice, constant relative to the surrounding alloy material appearing to propagate across the interface.
Date:
November 10, 1998
Creator:
Allerman, A. A.; Bi, W. G.; Biefeld, R. M.; Tu, C. W.; Yu, E. T. & Zuo, S. L.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Texas State Auditor's Office: Report 98-043
Letter to Dr. E. James Hindman, President of Angelo State University from Lawrence F. Alwin, Texas State Auditor regarding managemetn of systems for financial aid, contracting, human resources, and fixed assets. Angelo State Management's Response also included.
Date:
June 10, 1998
Creator:
Alwin, Lawrence F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
RTA gun performance
The technical challenge for making two-beam accelerators into realizable power sources for high-energy colliders lie in the creation of the drive beam and in its propagation over long distances through multiple extraction sections. This year we have constructed a 1.2-kA, 1-MeV, electron induction injector for the RTA accelerator. The electron source will be a 8.9 cm diameter, thermionic, flat-surface cathode with a maximum shroud field stress of approximately 165 kV/cm. The injector� s pulse length should be over 120-ns flat top (1% energy variation) with a normalized edge emittance of less than 200 (small pi)-mm-mr. Details of the design and performance of the injector, beam line, and diagnostics will be presented.
Date:
August 10, 1998
Creator:
Andersen, D. E.; Eylon, S.; Henestroza, E.; Houck, T. L.; Lidia, S. M.; Vanecek, D. L. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
University of Oklahoma
Photograph of a scene with a deaf student and instructor, at the University of Oklahoma.
Date:
June 10, 1998
Creator:
Argo, Jim
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Neutron Activation Cool-down of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor
Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) final operations and post-shutdown neutron activation measurements were made. Ionization chambers were used to follow TFTR activation during operations and after shutdown. Gamma-ray energy spectroscopy measurements were performed to characterize TFTR activation at accessible vessel-bays and on sample hardware removed from structures at various distances from the vessel. The results demonstrate long-lived activations from common, commercially available materials used in the fabrication and field engineering of TFTR. The measurements allow characterization of residual TFTR neutron activation, the projection of residual activation decay, and benchmarking of low activation issues simulations.
Date:
June 10, 1998
Creator:
Ascione, G.; Kugel, H.W.; Kumar, A. & Tilson, Jr, C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Wet processing of palladium for use in the tritium facility at Westinghouse, Savannah River, SC. Preparation of palladium using the Mound Muddy Water process
Palladium used at Savannah River for tritium storage is currently obtained from a commercial source. In order to better understand the processes involved in preparing this material, Savannah River is supporting investigations into the chemical reactions used to synthesize this material and into the conditions necessary to produce palladium powder that meets their specifications. This better understanding may help to guarantee a continued reliable source for this material in the future. As part of this evaluation, a work-for-others contract between Westinghouse Savannah River Company and the Ames Laboratory Metallurgy and Ceramics Program was initiated. During FY98, the process for producing palladium powder developed in 1986 by Dan Grove of Mound Applied Technologies (USDOE) was studied to understand the processing conditions that lead to changes in morphology in the final product. This report details the results of this study of the Mound Muddy Water process, along with the results of a round-robin analysis of well-characterized palladium samples that was performed by Savannah River and Ames Laboratory. The Mound Muddy Water process is comprised of three basic wet chemical processes, palladium dissolution, neutralization, and precipitation, with a number of filtration steps to remove unwanted impurity precipitates.
Date:
November 10, 1998
Creator:
Baldwin, D. P. & Zamzow, D. S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
News Bulletin (Castroville, Tex.), Vol. 39, No. 50, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 10, 1998
Weekly newspaper from Castroville, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with extensive advertising.
Date:
December 10, 1998
Creator:
Barnes, Thomas
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Systems engineering applied to integrated safety management for high consequence facilities
Integrated Safety Management is a concept that is being actively promoted by the U.S. Department of Energy as a means of assuring safe operation of its facilities. The concept involves the integration of safety precepts into work planning rather than adjusting for safe operations after defining the work activity. The system engineering techniques used to design an integrated safety management system for a high consequence research facility are described. An example is given to show how the concepts evolved with the system design.
Date:
November 10, 1998
Creator:
Barter, R & Morais, B
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Visualizing systems engineering data with Java
Systems Engineers are required to deal with complex sets of data. To be useful, the data must be managed effectively, and presented in meaningful terms to a wide variety of information consumers. Two software patterns are presented as the basis for exploring the visualization of systems engineering data. The Model, View, Controller pattern defines an information management system architecture. The Entity, Relation, Attribute pattern defines the information model. MVC �Views� then form the basis for the user interface between the information consumer and the MVC �Controller�/�Model� combination. A Java tool set is described for exploring alternative views into the underlying complex data structures encountered in systems engineering.
Date:
November 10, 1998
Creator:
Barter, R & Vinzant, A
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Spectroscopy of {sup 183}Tl: An Extreme Case of Prolate-Oblate Shape-Competition
The yrast sequence in {sup 183}Tl has been studied for the first time in recoil-mass and decay tagged gamma-ray spectroscopic measurements. A rotational-like cascade of seven transitions is observed down to the bandhead with spin 13/2+. In contrast to adjacent nuclei, links from the yrast band to a lower lying weakly deformed (oblate) structure are not observed. It appears that the prolate energy minimum in {sup 183}Tl drops significantly compared to {sup 185}Tl and minimizes below the neutron i13/2 midshell (n <= 102). Possibilities for the decay out of the band in {sup 183}Tl are discussed.
Date:
August 10, 1998
Creator:
Batchelder, J.C.; Bingham, C.R.; Carpenter, M.P.; Cizewski, J.A.; Gross, C.J.; Helariutta, K. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality and Transportation Enhancement Provisions in the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
This report describes how the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Program (CMAQ) and enhancement programs function, examines the policy issues surrounding them, and summarizes relevant provisions in major legislation to reauthorize ISTEA in the 105th Congress.
Date:
June 10, 1998
Creator:
Bearden, David M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Air Quality and Transportation Enhancement Provisions in the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991
Federal funding to assist states in addressing the environmental impacts of surface transportation is a major issue for the second session of the 105th Congress. The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) of 1991 (P.L. 102-240) authorized a total of $155 billion for transportation projects from FY1992 to FY1997. This report describes how the Congrestion Mitigation and Air Quality Program (CMAQ) and enhancement programs function, examines the policy issues surrounding them, and summarizes relevant provisions in major legislation to reauthorize ISTEA in the 105th Congress.
Date:
June 10, 1998
Creator:
Bearden, David M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Highway Funding, the States, and New Air Quality Standards
The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), PL. 102-240, set aside $6 billion from FY1992 to FY1997 for the Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Program (CMAQ) to assist states in complying with federal air quality standards by funding transportation projects that lower emissions.
Date:
June 10, 1998
Creator:
Bearden, David M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Forbidden line wavelengths and transition probabilities measured using an electron beam ion trap (EBIT)
Several coronal lines posed a long-standing riddle to earth-bound spectroscopists, until - following up on a suggestion by Grotrian (1937) - B. Edlen (1942) confirmed that their wavenumbers indeed corresponded to fine structure intervals in the ground configurations of highly charged ions like Fe X and Fe XI. This in turn caused turmoil in solar physics, because the corona must be much hotter than the underlying chromosphere in order to produce such ions. X-ray and EUV spectra of the sun became available after World War II, by observations from sounding rockets and satellites. These spectra confirmed the presence of the highly charged ions. Laboratory observation of the (electric-dipole) forbidden lines, however, had to wait for the development of low-density plasma discharges like the tokamak fusion experiments, because in regular light sources, collisions would likely quench such long-lived levels. Since then, a fair number of forbidden transitions has been observed in the laboratory, and forbidden lines are being valued for plasma diagnostics. While forbidden transitions in light ions are often found in astrophysical light sources, similar transitions in highly charged heavy ions like Kr will be important for plasma machines like ITER, in which Kr will likely be used for radiative …
Date:
September 10, 1998
Creator:
Beiersdorfer, P.; Gillaspy, J. D.; Serpa, F. G.; Trabert, E. & Utter, S. B.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Analysis of High-Fold Gamma Data
Historically, {gamma}-{gamma} and {gamma}-{gamma}-{gamma} coincidence spectra were utilized to build nuclear level schemes. With the development of large detector arrays, it has became possible to analyze higher fold coincidence data sets. This paper briefly reports on software to analyze 4-fold coincidence data sets that allows creation of 4-fold histograms (hypercubes) of at least 1024 channels per side (corresponding to a 43 gigachannel data space) that will fit onto a few gigabytes of disk space, and extraction of triple-gated spectra in a few seconds. Future detector arrays may have even higher efficiencies, and detect an many as 15 or 20 {gamma} rays simultaneously; such data will require very different algorithms for storage and analysis. Difficulties inherent in the analysis of such data are discussed, and two possible new solutions are presented, namely adaptive list-mode systems and list-list-mode storage.
Date:
August 10, 1998
Creator:
Beyer, C.J.; Cromaz, M. & Radford, D.C.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library