This document summarizes the information on the historical uses, present status, and the sampling and analysis results of waste, stored in Tank 241-BX-111. This report supports the requirements of the Tri-Party Agreement Milestone M-44-ISB.

Chemically active radioactive species, diffused from RIB target materials, often arrive at the ionization chamber of the source in a variety of molecular forms. Because of the low probability for simultaneously dissociating and efficiently ionizing the individual atomic constituents of molecules with conventional hot-cathode electron-impact ion sources, the species of interest are often distributed in several mass channels in the form of molecular side-band beams and consequently, their intensities are diluted. The sputter negative ion beam generation technique offers an efficient means for simultaneously dissociating and ionizing highly electronegative atomic species present in molecular carriers. We have incorporated these principles in the design and fabrication of a kinetic ejection negative ion source and evaluated its potential for generating {sup 17,18}F{sup {minus}} beams for the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility astrophysics research program. The source utilizes Cs{sup +} beams to bombard condensable fluorine compounds that emanate from a target material, such as Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}, and are transported to the cooled inner surface of a conical-geometry cathode where they are adsorbed. The energetic Cs{sup +} beams efficiently dissociate these molecules and sputter their constituents. Since the work functions of cesiated surfaces are low, highly electronegative species such as fluorine are efficiently …

The U.S. Nuclear Science Community in its 1996 Long Range Plan identified an advanced radioactive ion beam (RIB) facility based on the ISOL technique as the next major facility to be constructed for U.S. nuclear physics. The proposed SpaHation Neutron Source (SNS) for Oak Ridge National Laboratory, whose construction design funds have recently been appropriated, offers a unique opportunity for the construction of this new facility, Plans for extracting a proton beam from the SNS, transporting it to the RIB facility, and constructing the new RIB facility at the SNS site are discussed, as are the ISOL targets, radiation handling, isobaric separation, acceleration of beams of radioactive experimental areas.

New techniques for enhancing the performances of electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion sources are being investigated at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. We have utilized the multiple discrete frequency technique to improve the charge state distributions extracted from conventional magnetic field geometry ECR source by injecting three frequencies into the source. A new flat central magnetic field concept, has been incorporated in the designs of a compact all-permanent-magnet source for high charge-state ion beam generation and a compact electromagnetic source for singly ionized radioactive ion beam generation for use in the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility (HRIBF) research program. A review of the three frequency injection experiments and descriptions of the design aspects of the "volume-type" ECR ion sources will be given in this report.

The National Ignition Facility (NIF), being designed and constructed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), comprises 192 laser beams The lasing medium is neodymium in phosphate glass with a fundamental frequency (1{omega}) of 1 053{micro}m Sum frequency generation in a pair of conversion crystals (KDP/KD*P) will produce 1 8 megajoules of the third harmonic light (3{omega} or {lambda}=351{micro}m) at the target The purpose of this paper is to provide the lens design community with the current lens design details of the large optics in the Main Laser This paper describes the lens design configuration and design considerations of the Main Laser The Main Laser is 123 meters long and includes two spatial filters one 13 5 meters and one 60 meters These spatial filters perform crucial beam filtering and relaying functions We shall describe the significant lens design aspects of these spatial filter lenses which allow them to successfully deliver the appropriate beam characteristic onto the target For an overview of NIF please see ``Optical system design of the National Ignition Facility,`` by R Edward English. et al also found in this volume.

The purpose is to provide a source of information that can be used to assist personnel in the planning, training, and execution of radiological work using the principles of ALARA. This document is not intended to replace HNF or WHC Control Manual requirements. The ALARA Tools-List provides detailed information on the use and procurement of engineered controls, mockup training guidelines, and good radiological work practices that have been proven to be ALARA.

This document provides a summary of the proposed Tank Waste Remediation System Retrieval and Disposal Mission Initial Updated Baseline (scope, schedule, and cost) developed to demonstrate the Tank Waste Remediation System contractor`s Readiness-to-Proceed in support of the Phase 1B mission.

This program plan establishes the framework for conduct of the Tank Waste Remediation System (TWRS) Project. The plan focuses on the TWRS Retrieval and Disposal Mission and is specifically intended to support the DOE mid-1998 Readiness to Proceed with Privatized Waste Treatment evaluation for establishing firm contracts for waste immobilization.

In this paper is described tests of EiChrom Industries' Ni-selective ion exchange resin for use in analysis of Ni-63 in Savannah River Site high level waste.

An empirical study was conducted to evaluate cutting fluids for Single Point Diamond Turning (SPDT) of single crystal silicon. The pH of distilled waster was adjusted with various additives the examine the effect of pH on cutting operations. Fluids which seemed to promote ductile cutting appeared to increase tool wear as well, an undesirable tradeoff. High Ph sodium hydroxide solutions showed promise for further research, as they yielded the best combination of reduced tool wear and good surface finish in the ductile regime. Negative rake tools were verified to improve the surface finish, but the negative rake tools used in the experiments also showed much higher wear than conventional 0{degree} rake tools. Effects of crystallographic orientation on SPDT, such as star patterns of fracture damage forming near the center of the samples, were observed to decrease with lower feedrates. Silicon chips were observed and photographed, indicative of a ductile materials removal process.

The technical challenge for making two-beam accelerators into realizable power sources for high-energy colliders lies in the creation of the drive beam and in its propagation over long distances through multiple extraction sections. This year we have been constructing a 1.2&A, l-MeV, induction gun for a prototype relativistic klystron two-beam accelerator (RK-TBA). The electron source will be a 8.9 cm diameter, thermionic, flat-surface cathode with a maximum shroud field stress of approximately 165 kV/cm. Additional design parameters for the injector include a pulse length of over 150-ns flat top (1% energy variation), and a normalized edge emittance of less than 300 pi-mm-n-n. The prototype accelerator will be used to study physics, engineering, and costing issues involved in the application of the RK-TBA concept to linear colliders. We have also been studying optimization parameters, such as frequency, for the application of the RK-TBA concept to multi-TeV linear colliders. As an rf power source the RK-TBA scales favorably up to frequencies around 35 GHz. An overview of this work with details of the design and performance of the prototype injector, beam line, and diagnostics will be presented.

This report presents rheological information on a simulated non-radioactive concentrated tetraphenylborate (TPB) precipitate.

This report presents a summary of the definitive data validation and verification for the 1997 RFI/RI semiannual tritium survey for Fourmile Branch and the F- and H-Area Seeplines. The RFI/RI was performed under the direction of WSRC ESS/Ecology. This report was prepared under the direction EPD/EMS.

This report summarizes the activities and findings from a field experiment devised to estimate the rates and mechanisms of transport of carbon across the continental shelves. The specific site chosen for the experiment was the mid-Atlantic Bight, a region off the North Carolina coast. The experiment involved a large contingent of scientists from many institutions. The specific component of the program was the transport of carbon in the bottom boundary layer. The postulate mechanisms of transport of carbon in the bottom boundary layer are: resuspension and advection, downward deposition, and accumulation. The high turbulence levels in the bottom boundary layer require the understanding of the coupling between turbulence and bottom sediments. The specific issues addressed in the work reported here were: (a) What is the sediment response to forcing by currents and waves? (b) What is the turbulence climate in the bottom boundary layer at this site? and (c) What is the rate at which settling leads to carbon sequestering in bottom sediments at offshore sites?

An operational evaluation of the Integrated Solar Upper Stage (ISUS) power management and distribution (PMAD) system was conducted as part of the Engine Ground Demonstration thermionic power system test program-- START-3. START-3 testing took place at the Baikal Test Stand, located in the University of New Mexico's Energy Conversion Research Laboratory at the New Mexico Engineering Research Institute in Albuquerque, NM. One objective of this test was to evaluate the operational performance of the lSUS PMAD system developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Lewis Research Center. Tests of the PMAD with the ISUS diode string demonstrated that the PMAD could regulate the output of an array of thermionic converters within the design requirements and couId be modified to optimize performance for diode strings of fewer than 16 diodes.

This grant covers the period Sept. 1, 1994 to Aug. 31, 1996 with an extension to Dec. 31, 1996. The main activities funded by this research grant include work on the TJNAF (formerly CEBAF) Hall A data analysis software project and other projects in Hall A worked on by my graduate students. All of these projects are necessary for the functioning of Hall A and are therefore directly related to my Hall A research program. The Hall A experimental equipment is still in the commissioning phase with the first experiment expected to be performed in May of 1997. My effort has focused on software development, in particular on analyzing and calibrating the vertical drift chambers (VDCs) which will be used for particle tracking in the high resolution spectrometers. I have written a standalone program to determine calibration constants needed to obtain the ultimate position and angle resolution. High resolution performance will be paramount for much of the Hall A experimental program. In particular, I am spokesman on an experiment to separate the response functions in the d(e,e{prime}p)n reaction. In order to make meaningful comparisons with theory, this experiment requires accurate determination of the cross sections and it will therefore be …

In 1991, US and Polish officials signed a Memorandum of Understanding formally initiating and directing the Cracow Clean Fossil Fuels and Energy Efficiency Program. Developing a program approach for the most effective use of the available funds required considerable effort on the part of all project participants. The team recognized early that the cost of solving the low emissions problem even in only one city far exceeded the amount of available US funds. Economic conditions in Poland limited availability of local capital funds for environmental projects. Imposing environmental costs on struggling companies or city residents under difficult conditions of the early 1990's required careful consideration of the economic and political impacts. For all of these reasons the program sought to identify technologies for achieving air quality goals which, through improved efficiency and/or reduced fuel cost, could be so attractive economically as to lead to self-sustaining activities beyond the end of the formal project. The effort under this program has been focused into 5 main areas of interest as follows: (1) Energy Conservation and Extension of Central Station District Heating; (2) Replacement of Coal- and Coke-Fired Boilers with Natural Gas-Fired Boilers; (3) Replacement of Coal-Fired Home Stoves with Electric Heating Appliances; …

High charge states, up to fully stripped {sup 11}C and {sup 14}O ion, beams have been produced with the electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (LBNL, ECR and AECR-U) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The radioactive atoms of {sup 11}C and {sup 14}O were collected in batch mode with an LN{sub 2} trap and then bled into the ECR ion sources. Ionization efficiency as high as 11% for {sup 11}C{sup 4+} was achieved.

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X-ray and neutron diffraction were used to characterize residual stresses in composite tubing of a corrosion-resistant clad alloy on carbon steel. A useful X-ray method, based on the measurement of the fcc (3 1 1) reflection using Cr K{sub {beta}} radiation, was developed which allowed precise determination of surface residual stresses in the textured clad layer. Neutron diffraction measurements were carried out in both the carbon steel core and the clad layer, using the bcc (2 1 1) and fcc (3 1 1) reflections, respectively. The neutron diffraction results are consistent with surface residual stresses determined with X-ray diffraction. However, the through-thickness stress profiles established by X-ray and neutron diffraction do not agree with elastic calculations based on the thermal expansion mismatch between the carbon steel and clad alloy. The differences between the calculation and experimental results are discussed.

Vadose zone investigations are being performed at site S-7 in IC 34, at McClellan AFB. At this location, a Vadose Zone Monitoring System (VZMS) is being used to collect subsurface data including hydraulic potential, soil gas pressure, moisture content, water chemistry, gas chemistry, and temperature. Although each individual data set is useful in improving the characterization of this contaminated site, the overall purpose of data collection is to provide input for the conceptual and numerical modeling of VOC transport in the vadose zone and the exchange of contaminants between the vadose zone and groundwater. In this report the authors submit a summary and preliminary analysis of the data collected through the end of 1997 and present it in the context of input for the impending modeling. This report merges findings from both the first and second half of 1997 and is presented as an annual report in lieu of two semi-annual reports, due to the fact that insufficient data had been collected up to mid June to allow a meaningful analysis.

A wide range of research topics were supported under this grant. These included: (1) complex space time singularities in nonlinear differential equations; (2) singularities in magneto-hydrodynamics; (3) the dynamics of knots and curves; and (4) the structure and dynamics of foams and grain boundaries. A brief summary of results achieved in each of these four areas is given below along with the associated publications acknowledging DOE support.

Liquid, mixed, high-level radioactive waste (HLW) has been stored in 149 single-shell tanks (SSTS) located in tank farms on the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Hanford Site. The DOE is developing technologies to retrieve as much remaining HLW as technically possible prior to physically closing the tank farms. In support of the Hanford Tanks Initiative, Sandia National Laboratories has addressed the requirements for the regulatory closure of the radioactive component of any SST residue that may remain after physical closure. There is significant uncertainty about the end state of each of the 149 SSTS; that is, the nature and amount of wastes remaining in the SSTS after retrieval is uncertain. As a means of proceeding in the face of these uncertainties, this report links possible end-states with associated closure options. Requirements for disposal of HLW and low-level radioactive waste (LLW) are reviewed in detail. Incidental waste, which is radioactive waste produced incidental to the further processing of HLW, is then discussed. If the low activity waste (LAW) fraction from the further processing of HLW is determined to be incidental waste, then DOE can dispose of that incidental waste onsite without a license from the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commissions (NRC). The …

A review of neutron diffraction experiments on the magnetic order in the RNi{sub 2}B{sub 2}C and RNiBC (R-rare earth) systems is given. The RNi{sub 2}B{sub 2}C materials exhibit a wide variety of commensurate and incommensurate magnetic structures for different rare earths, along with superconductivity that is coupled to the magnetism. Simple commensurate antiferromagnetic structures are observed for R = Pr (T{sub N} = 4.0 K), Nd (T{sub N} = 4.8 K), Ho (T{sub N} = 8.5 K) and Dy (T{sub N} = 4.8 K). In addition, HoNi{sub 2}B{sub 2}C exhibits a c-axis spiral and an a-axis modulated incommensurate structure above 5 K, while both structures collapse in favor of the commensurate structure at low T. A transversely polarized spin density wave (SDW) type incommensurate structure is observed for Er (T{sub N} = 6.8 K) and Tm (T{sub N} = 1.5 K), while a longitudinally polarized SDW structure is observed for Tb (T{sub N} = 15 K). No magnetic ordering of any type is detected for Y, Ce and Yb. HoNiBC is an antiferromagnet (T{sub N} = 9.8 K), ErNiBC is a ferromagnetic (T{sub C} = 4.6 K), while TbNiBC and DyNiBC exhibit both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ordering at 17 K …