Extraction of HNO3 by triaryl amine was studied by equilibrating equal volumes of aqueous and organic phases at 25C. At HNO3 concentrations of 2 to 10 N the acid in the organic phase in excess of that equivalent in the amine concentration was proportional to the concentration of HNO3 in the equilibrated aqueous phase. other workers report similar results with nitric acid and tri-n-octyl amine in benzene. Zirconium extractions carried out at 10g Zr/1 with 0.35 M TLA nitrate in toluene showed a fourth power dependence of EZR on HNO (aq) over the range 2 to 10N. Maximum distribution ratios calculated from samarium scouting experiments using amines in kerosene were about 5 x 10(-3) for Primene JMT, 10(-4) for TLA, 10(-5) for S-24, and less than zero for DTDA. Distribution rations in the extractions ranged from ERu = 0.12 for 0.35M TLA shaken with an initially new 2N HNO3 solution for 15 minutes. Data on Zr and Ru standardization in TLA solution for spectrophotometric analyses are included.

From the point of view of constituents of a fuel element at temperatures between 2500 and 4500 degree K, the fuel elements can be considered to consist of six types of material: carbon, elements less volatile than carbon, 26 moles of rare gases, 21 moles of alkali metals, 17 moles of alkaline earth metals, and 4 moles of miscellaneous volatile elements. Various processes involving the constituents from 2000 to 45000 degree K are considered. Reactivity gain due to can rupture is discussed.

The maximum temperature in the interior of the fuel element could be greatly reduced by incorporating a liquid between the fuel element and the outer can to increase-heat transfer rates. It is of interest to consider what liquids would be chemically compatible with graphite and the actinide carbides. Elements which melt below 1100 and boil above 1400 deg C that form no stable solid carbides, include Cu, Ga, TI, Ge, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, and compounds include GeP, GeS, GaP, Ga/sub 2/S, GaTe, GaAs, SnTe, Sm/sub 3/As/sub 2/, Sb/sub 3/Te/sub 2/, Zn/sub 3/Sb/sub 2/, Zn/sub 3/P/sub 2/, ZnS, ZnTe, and Zn/s ub 3/As/sub 2/. Some of these compounds have equilibrium pressures that might be considered too high, but they may actually vaporize slowly enough because of low vaporization coefficients to make them suitable. There are probably rot enough data nor adequate theories for predicting the rates, and Langmuir type vaporization experiments would be necessary to determine the rates of vaporization of these compounds. The main problem in the use of a heat transfer fluid is that of reaction between the fluid and the actinide carbides. Thermodynamically extensive attack would be expected. However, it may be possible to make the rate …

The quantity and characteristics of fission products in coolant gases due to leaking fuel elements are discussed. It is concluded that the rare gases, the alkali metals, the halides, and Sb may act as permanent gases to a considerable extent. The other fission products are expected to condense out completely on walls or as dust consisting of metals, carbides, and oxides.

This technical report is a summary of unclassified theoretical work on propagation of one-dimensional shock waves and on the propagation of spherical shock waves in gases.

"The ion source used for hydrogen and deuterium ions in the variable energy cyclotron at the University of Rochester is of the hooded arc type. For the past year it has been operating with a new feature which has greatly improved its performance. The new feature is a magnetic mirror built into the upper end of the arc hood by a simple insertion of a steel bearing ball 1/8" in diameter. The magnetic field gradient near the ball provides a magnetic mirror action on electrons moving up the arc channel toward the ball, reflecting may of them."

In 1947 Bauer, and later independently Huntley (1948), pointed out that the helium content of iron meteorites as measured by Paneth and coworkers could be accounted for by the accumulation through cosmic-ray production rather then the decay of uranium and thorium. Bauer (1947) also predicted that the meteroitic helium should contain a significant proportion of He3. I was realized that by studying the effects of cosmic radiation on meteorites much could be learned about the history of meteorite and cosmic radiation. Chemical and instrumental techniques have been developed for the isolation, purification, and measurement of cosmic-ray-induced C14 in both stone and iron meteorites. The isolation of carbon from the silicate materials is done by fusion in an oxidizing flux in a vacuum system. From the iron meteorites the carbon is recovered by the decomposition of the metal in nitric acid in a closed system.

Technical report describing two experiments performed to compare the amounts of fission gases swept out of UNH solution with those amounts swept out of PU solution under idential condiditons. The charge wire technique was used. The essential date and the results are given in tables in the report.

Discussing an examination of the J.R. Simplot claims in Happy and Hatch Canyons.

Discussing holes drilled in order to evaluate the uranium potential of the Red Canyon area, in San Juan County, Utah.

A problem proposed by E. Hart to determine whether there are locally high or low neutron densities at the corners of a cubical cavity in a graphite lattice. To simplify the computations consider an infinite two dimensional lattice with a square cavity that has a point source of neutrons at the center (see Figure 1).

The free streaming of neutrons in a cylindrical cavity is investigated. Using experimental data for the flux distribution along the walls, the direct beam hole loss and leakage into the target from the lattice is estimated for the MTA system.

Technical report. From Abstract : "The MBr3 + M phase diagrams for lanthanum, cerium, and praseodymium are presented. Lanthanum and cerium exhibit simple solutions of metal, with 14 and 12 mole % dissolved at eutectic temperatures of 728 and 687°, respectively. The compound PrBr2.38 is found, melting incongruently to a solution of 16% Pr in PRBr3 and Pr(s) at 601°. For praseodymium the cryoscopic behavior of dilute solutions of metal is consistent with the primary formation of the Pr2+ solute. But with lanthanum and cerium the results are anomalous, as the cryoscopic analyses indicate 1.6-1.7 and 2.0 new particles (cation basis) per metal dissolved instead of ~3."

Two xenon extraction runs were made this month. It appears that a small design change in Trap #2 will be necessary so that a dry ice-trichloroethylene slurry can be used for coolant rather than liquid freon. For each of the runs this month the enriched generator was exposed for four hours in the est pile operating at 100 watts. A period of eight hours for cooling and xenon builidup was allowed before the collection and separation runs were started.

In obtaining the results reported here a double focusing magnetic type spectrometer was used. Momentum spread was about 1%, and in most cases 2560 counts per point were taken. An end window Geiger tube was used as a detector. The window was of mica with areal density of 1.6 mg/cm2.

Various organizations in the Biophysics Section of the Radiological Sciences Department participated in evaluating local radioactive particle fallout as influenced by the nuclear explosions at the Nevada Proving Grounds during the early part of 1953. Data collected from approximately 50 air monitoring stations operated by the Regional Survey forces were used to determine the trend of radioactive particle concentrations in the atmosphere between March and June. These measurements were supplemented with the findings of associated organizations in the Biophysics Section during and immediately after the peak influx on May 26.

From abstract: "The boundary value problem for velocity of propagation and attenuation of capillary ripples over viscoelastic surface films is set up and solved from the viewpoint of continuum hydrodynamics. Both soluble and insoluble films are treated. Successive approximation methods are used to derive explicit formulae for velocity of propagation and amplitude attenuation; formulae for these quantities accurate to second order are given for slightly viscoelastic and highly viscoelastic films, and formulae accurate to first order are given for films of intermediate viscoelasticity."

Abstract. An a priori calculation of the radiolysis of oxygen gas in the pressure ; range 10-3 to 100 atm has been made. In the low background region (1- 100 atm) all track effects have been considered. The calculated G(O3) values seem to be in reasonable agreement with experiment if only one excited oxygen molecule is initially formed per ion pair. Effects of pressure, LET and dose rate have been discussed. The radiation-induced chain decomposition of O3 has not been considered.

The investigation to be described in this paper was one of several undertaken to resolve a curious discrepancy that had arisen in measurements of the diffusion length of graphite. Those diffusion lengths measured with the graphite layups of 100 Area piles were three to six centimeters higher than the value obtained with the Hanford Standard Pile. The fact that the 100 Area structures of the order of 40 ft. X 40 ft. X 30 ft, not including reflector, approximated an infinite medium, whereas sigma piles are of the order of 8 ft. X 8ft. X 10 ft., suggested the possibility that the diffusion length obtained by mensuration of relative fluxes and application of the conventional equations depended in some way on the size of the medium. Therefore, in order to determine if such a dependency actually exists, it was proposed to erect a series of graphite stacks of different dimensions and to make diffusion length measurements in each.

The purpose of this manual is to present available data which can be used to determine disintegration rates of radioactive samples from counting rates measured under given circumstances with routinely used laboratory instruments. There is also brief discussion on the methods by which the various factors have been determined with reference to the accuracy with which they are known and to what extent the finally quoted disintegration rate is affected by these errors. Emphasis has been placed on those isotopes of particular interest to Radiological Sciences programs and the manual is intended as a standard through the use of which comparable values can be reported from all units in the Department.

Abstract : Methods for the chemical separation of strontium, barium, cesium, cerium, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, and tungsten from complex matrices are described. Procedures for the radiometric determination of the longer-lived isotopes of these elements are outlined. Inert carriers are added and the sample is dissolved by fusion with sodium carbonate. The melt is leached first with water and then with hydrochloric acid. The elements are recovered from these fractions by a series of wet chemical and ion exchange procedures, and gravimetric and radiometric determinations performed.

Technical report surveying radio-chemical analyses by ORNL's Analytical Chemistry Division and Health-Physics Division of large volumes of rainwater for plutonium, uranium, and fission products. Overall, carrying efficiencies for Al(OH)3 scavenging of rainwater were determined for these elements, as well as for Pu and U. [From Abstract, Introduction]

Technical report outlining various experiments that took place in the Oak Ridge Area Critical Mass Laboratory until August 31, 1950. Experiments took place in categories of critical experiments, experimental engineering, heat transfer, radiation damage, nuclear measurements, reactor physics, ARE reactor design, circulating fuel reactors, and circulating moderator reactors. [From Summary]

Abstract: "Aluminum-clad nickel-plated uranium is corrosion resistant in boiling water. Samples with intentional defects in the aluminum-nickel clodding layers, after testing for more than 300 hr. showed no sign of rapid failure. The study of electroplated metals on uranium for aluminum cladding has defined the effects of several processing variables on the corrosion resistance. The quality of the uranium and the quality of the aluminum-nickel bond were important. Heat treatment and vacuum outgassing of the nickel-plated uranium prior to aluminum cladding were beneficial, and minimizing the amount of air present in the hot-press assembly was desirable. Variation in the steps for electroplating on uranium did not affect the corrosion resistance of aluminum-clad uranium."