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Measurement of energy deposited by charged-particle beams in composite targets
We have measured the energy deposited in two types of composite targets by a number of charged-particle beams: targets made of /sup 238/U, Lucite, and polyethylene were exposed to 0.26-GeV protons and 0.33-GeV deuterons, and aluminum-Lucite composites were exposed to 0.5-GeV electrons. In addition, we measured neutrons and gamma rays emitted from solid targets of various materials (including /sup 238/U and iron) exposed to 0.26-GeV protons and 0.33-GeV deuterons. We used passive detectors (thermoluminescence dosimeters, Lexan fission track recorders, and photographic emulsions) to measure the nonfission dose and the fission-fragment dose from the primary beam and its shower of products. Measurements were made at various depths and radial positions in the targets. Plots and numerical values of the measured doses are presented. The emission of neutrons and gamma rays was measured with a liquid-deuterated-benzene detector. In general, the dose profile with depth is similar for 0.26-GeV protons and 0.33-GeV deuterons. The ratio of return neutrons to gamma rays increases with increasing target mass number. Deuterons, however, produce from 1.7 to 5.8 times as many neutrons and gamma rays per particle as do protons.
Date:
July 2, 1980
Creator:
Farley, E.; Becker, J.; Crase, K.; Howe, R. & Selway, D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Some general properties of stimulated Raman propagation with pump depletion, transiency and dispersion
This note considers some of the properties of the Stokes pulse that grows from a specified seed pulse in the presence of a strong pump pulse as it propagates through a dispersive atomic vapor. We first present an generic dimensionless form for the coupled equations that govern the propagation of pump and Stokes fields or collinear plane-wave pulses. By treating the two fields we permit pump depletion. We include transient atomic response (as embodied in the Raman coherence), but neglect changes in atomic populations. (Thus our equations pertain to the regime in which atoms are more numerous than photons). The equations employ a gain length, a dispersion time {tau}{sub dis}, and a Raman coherence time (or memory time) {tau}{sub R} as basic parameters: these two times, together with a single-photon stationary-atom detuning {Delta}, subsume the details of a particular atomic Raman transition and particular operating conditions. (The effects of Doppler shifts enters the equations through the coherence time). We discuss some general properties of these generic Raman propagation equations, and present illustrations of their solutions in the absence of dispersion. We comment on departures from exponential growth. We than show examples of behavior when dispersion is present and the pump …
Date:
August 2, 1991
Creator:
Shore, B. W.; Lowder, S. & Johnson, M. A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Constitutionality of President and Vice President Bring Residents of the Same State
This report addresses the constitutionality of the president and vice president being residents of the same state.
Date:
August 2, 1968
Creator:
Yadlosky, Elizabeth
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Organization for Science and Technology, 91st Congress, 2nd Session: A Listing of Congressional Committees and Subcommittees Having Jurisdiction over Scientific and Technological Activities
This report provides a listing of congressional committees and subcommittees related to science and technology.
Date:
March 2, 1970
Creator:
Ayton, Mauree W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear-Powered U.S. Naval Vessels: Authorizations policy and problems
This report is categorized into three categories: (I) Previous authorizations of nuclear-powered naval vessels, (II) Present Policy toward nuclear-powered naval vessels and (III) CESA and naval nuclear populsion.
Date:
April 2, 1969
Creator:
Stillson, Albert C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environment, Natural Resources and Population
This report includes Findings and recommendations of a study about Environment, Natural Resources and Population conducted by the committee on Resources and Man of the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council (NAS-NRC).
Date:
May 2, 1969
Creator:
Bowman, Wallace D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Piqua Nuclear Power Facility Radiological Surveillance Program
Results of the annual radiological survey of the retired Piqua Nuclear Facility in Piqua, Ohio are presented in this report. The overall survey did not reveal the existence of any significant changes within the facility. This survey marked the inception of a surface soil sampling program. Analysis of the soil revealed that concentrations of radioactivity are comparable to those found at other locations in Ohio. (DMC)
Date:
March 2, 1982
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhanced durability and reactivity for zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent
AMAX Research Development Center (AMAX R D) has been investigating methods for enhancing the reactivity and durability of the zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent. Zinc ferrite sorbents are intended for use in desulfurization of hot coal gas in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) or molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) applications. For the present program, the reactivity of the sorbent may be defined as its sulfur sorption capacity at the breakthrough point and at saturation in a bench-scale, fixed-bed reactor. Durability may be defined as the ability of the sorbent to maintain important physical characteristics such As size, strength, and specific surface area during 10 cycles of sulfidation and oxidation.
Date:
May 2, 1989
Creator:
Jha, M. C. & Berggren, M. H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Ranking energy-conservation measures to establish research priorities: synopsis of a workshop
A workshop was convened to assist DOE's Technology Assessment Division in evaluating the need to prepare additional environmental- and social-impact assessments of different energy-conservation measures. Attendees participated in a decision-making exercise designed to rank 19 different energy-conservation measures according to their overall potential for achieving important national goals and their ease of implementation. The participants felt that the most-important ranking criteria dealt with questions concerning feasibility (economic, political/institutional, social, and technical) and economic efficiency. Other criteria, such as environmental quality and occupational health and safety received lower weights; possibly because of the widespread belief that most of the conservation measures presented would be environmentally beneficial. In the participants' view, the most-promising and feasible conservation measures include new-building-performance standards, retrofit of existing housing stock, new-appliance-performance standards and increased use of smaller cars. In contrast, conservation options which ranked rather low, such as diesel engines, coal-fired aluminum remelt furnaces, and cupola furnace modifications were expected to have some harmful environmental and health impacts. Most of these impacts are expected to be highly localized and of lesser national concern. Disagreement exists as to the efficacy of funding those projects deemed highly desirable and feasible versus those which are expected to have the greater …
Date:
May 2, 1979
Creator:
Moskowitz, P.D.; Le, T.Q. & Pierce, B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Weak interaction effects in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation with polarised beams
Although the standard gauge model of weak and electromagnetic interactions based on the work of Salam and Weinberg has met with great success, there are experimental facts that will require its extension or its modification to a new gauge model; the discovery of a heavy lepton at SLAC and the absence of parity violation in atoms that is expected from the neutral weak current coupling to electrons are discussed. Three tests are proposed that bear on these questions. First, heavy lepton production in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation when one of the incident beams is longitudinally polarized is considered and the purely leptonic decay of this heavy lepton is examined. An asymmetry in the inclusive angular distribution of one charged lepton (electron or muon) is important in determining the structure of weak interactions of the heavy lepton. In fact, this angular asymmetry easily distinguishes between the cases V - A and V + A for the heavy lepton current. Then, the decay channel L ..-->.. ..nu../sub L/ + one hadron is considered (L = heavy lepton) under the same experimental set-up and the inclusive one-hadron angular distribution examined. Parity nonconservation in the decay of the heavy lepton causes a conspicuous forward-backward …
Date:
November 2, 1977
Creator:
Simard, R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Enhanced Durability and Reactivity for Zinc Ferrite Desulfurization Sorbent
AMAX Research Development Center (AMAX R D) has been investigating methods for enhancing the reactivity and durability of the zinc ferrite desulfurization sorbent. Zinc ferrite sorbents are intended for use in desulfurization of hot coal gas in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) or molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) applications. For the present program, the reactivity of the sorbent may be defined as its sulfur sorption capacity at the breakthrough point and at saturation in a bench-scale, fixed-bed reactor. Durability may be defined as the ability of the sorbent to maintain important physical characteristics such as size, strength, and specific surface area during 10 cycles of sulfidation and oxidation.
Date:
May 2, 1989
Creator:
Silaban, A. & Harrison, D.P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Corrosion and scaling by steam in nuclear geothermal power plants
None
Date:
June 2, 1972
Creator:
Krikorian, O.H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recovery and reuse of asphalt roofing waste. Final report
Burning of asphalt roofing waste as a fuel and incorporating asphalt roofing waste in bituminous paving were identified as the two outstanding resource recovery concepts out of ten studied. Four additional concepts might be worth considering under different market or technical circumstances. Another four concepts were rated as worth no further consideration at this time. This study of the recovery of the resource represented in asphalt roofing waste has identified the sources and quantities of roofing waste. About six million cubic yards of scrap roofing are generated annually in the United States, about 94% from removal of old roofing at the job site and the remainder from roofing material production at factories. Waste disposal is a growing problem for manufacturers and contractors. Nearly all roofing waste is hauled to landfills at a considerable expense to roofing contractors and manufacturers. Recovery of the roofing waste resource should require only a modest economic incentive. The asphalt contained in roofing waste represents an energy resource of more than 7 x 10/sup 13/ Btu/year. Another 1 x 10/sup 13/ Btu/year may be contained in field-applied asphalt on commercial building roofs. The two concepts recommended by this study appear to offer the broadest applicability, the …
Date:
February 2, 1984
Creator:
Desai, S.; Graziano, G. & Shepherd, P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Transducer characterization
This report has been prepared specifically for ultrasonic transducer users within the Nondestructive Testing Evaluation (NDE) community of the weapons complex. The purpose of the report is to establish an initial set of uniform procedures for measuring and recording transducer performance data, and to establish a common foundation on which more comprehensive transducer performance evaluations may be added as future transducer performance criteria expands. Transducer parameters and the problems with measuring them are discussed and procedures for measuring transducer performance are recommended with special precautionary notes regarding critical aspects of each measurement. An important consideration regarding the recommended procedures is the cost of implementation. There are two distinct needs for transducer performance characterization in the complex. Production oriented users need a quick, reliable means to check a transducer to ascertain its suitability for continued service. Development groups and the Transducer Center need a comprehensive characterization means to collect adequate data to evaluate theoretical concepts or to build exact replacement transducers. The instrumentation, equipment, and procedures recommended for monitoring production transducers are utilitarian and provide only that information needed to determine transducer condition.
Date:
July 2, 1980
Creator:
Cross, B. T.; Eoff, J. M.; Schuetz, L. J. & Cunningham, K. R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Milliwatt generator heat source. Progress report, July-December 1983
All LANL hardware requirements were met during the reporting period as scheduled. Lot 12 of T-111 alloy sheet and Lot 8 of yttrium platelets were procured to meet future WR production needs. The GEND IP schedule requirements for 49 fueled MC2893 heat sources were met. Pressure burst surveillance activities continued to be conducted in accordance with SNLA document BB328965. Final results of evaluations of two pressure-burst capsules were normal, suggesting that the corresponding heat sources should be in good condition. The hardware production period ended with an overall hardware process yield of 98.4%.
Date:
March 2, 1984
Creator:
Mershad, E.A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Seismic Safety Margins Research Program: Phase II program plan (FY 83-FY 84)
The Seismic Safety Margins Research Program (SSMRP) is an NRC-funded, multiyear program conducted by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Its goal is to develop a complete, fully coupled analysis procedure (including methods and computer codes) for estimating the risk of an earthquake-caused radioactive release from a commercial nuclear power plant. The analysis procedure is based upon a state-of-the-art evaluation of the current seismic analysis and design process and explicitly includes the uncertainties inherent in such a process. The results will be used to improve seismic licensing requirements for nuclear power plants. As currently planned, the SSMRP will be completed in September, 1984. This document presents the program plan for work to be done during the remainder of the program. In Phase I of the SSMRP, the necessary tools (both computer codes and data bases) for performing a detailed seismic risk analysis were identified and developed. Demonstration calculations were performed on the Zion Nuclear Power Plant. In the remainder of the program (Phase II) work will be concentrated on developing a simplified SSMRP methodology for routine probabilistic risk assessments, quantitative validation of the tools developed and application of the simplified methodology to a Boiling Water Reactor. (The Zion plant is a …
Date:
August 2, 1982
Creator:
Bohn, M. P.; Bernreuter, D. L.; Cover, L. E.; Johnson, J. J.; Shieh, L. C.; Shukla, S. N. et al.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High-power pulsed lasers
The ideas that led to the successful construction and operation of large multibeam fusion lasers at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory are reviewed. These lasers are based on the use of Nd:glass laser materials. However, most of the concepts are applicable to any laser being designed for fusion experimentation. This report is a summary of lectures given by the author at the 20th Scottish University Summer School in Physics, on Laser Plasma Interaction. This report includes basic concepts of the laser plasma system, a discussion of lasers that are useful for short-pulse, high-power operation, laser design constraints, optical diagnostics, and system organization.
Date:
April 2, 1980
Creator:
Holzrichter, J.F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Magnetic fusion energy annual report, July 1975--September 1976
Supporting research activities continued to provide the technical basis for future mirror-confinement experiments. The industrial development of a high-current, high-field, high-current-density Nb/sub 3/Sn conductor was the main goal of the superconducting magnet program. Beam direct conversion was being developed as a means of raising the efficiency of neutral-beam production, and plasma direct conversion was shown to work as predicted. Conceptual designs were completed for various types of power reactors. The neutral-beam program progressed in three areas: experimental work, facility construction, and conceptual design. Experiments on the 14-MeV Rotating Target Neutron Source (RTNS-II) included participation by experimenters from many different institutions. Methods for processing tritium-contaminated wastes were pursued, as were studies of tritiated methane in stainless-steel vessels, the control of tritium in mirror fusion reactors, and the development of titanium tritide targets for the RTNS. The report period witnessed a rapid maturation in ability to describe theoretically the behavior of ion-cyclotron noise in the 2XIIB and the influence of that noise on the confined plasma. The high beta values achieved in 2XIIB prompted much theoretical analysis of the properties of high-beta equilibria and stability, including those of a field-reversed state. Excellent progress was made on the development of computer codes applicable …
Date:
December 2, 1976
Creator:
Harrison, M.A.; McGregor, C.K. & Gottlieb, L. (eds.)
System:
The UNT Digital Library
ERIP application instructions
This report provides background information and instructions to assist applicants in writing Energy-Related Inventions Program (ERIP) applications. Initial feedback fro usage for the new instructions shows that the best instructions would not be read and followed by all applicants. Applications from more than thirty applicants who have received the new instructions indicated that few had read the instructions. Based on this feedback, the instructions have been further revised to include a title page and table of contents. A warning was also added to advise applicants of the potential penalty of delayed review if these instructions are not followed. This revision was intended to address the possibility that some applicants did not see or bother to follow the instructions which followed the background information about ERIP. Included are two examples of ERIP applications which have been prepared for handout at workshops or mailing to applicants. Writing of example applications was time consuming and more difficult than expected for several reasons: (1) Full disclosures can be lengthy, very detailed, and technical. This contrasts with the desire to prepare examples which are comparatively short and easy for the non-technical person to read. (2) Disclosures contain confidential information which should not be published. (3) …
Date:
January 2, 1992
Creator:
Watt, D.M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent upgrading of the modelling program COMFORT
The computer code COMFORT, developed for the online control of machine functions at the SLC, has recently undergone several modifications to overcome some of its limitations. This note describes the reasons for these changes, the methods employed, some test results and the applications of the new version of the program.
Date:
September 2, 1986
Creator:
Hawkes, C. & Lee, M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development of an experimental database and theories for prediction of thermodynamic properties of aqueous electrolytes and nonelectrolytes of geochemical significance at supercritical temperatures and pressures
Volumetric measurements have been completed for CH{sub 4}, CO{sub 2}, and H{sub 2}S at temperatures from 25{degrees}C to 380{degrees}C and 2 or 3 pressures at each temperature. The H{sub 2}S and CO{sub 2} solutions are stored in aluminized mylar bags in PVC pipes with water surrounding the bags at a pressure of several atmospheres. The methane is stored in a one liter autoclave with a sliding teflon piston engaging the sides of the autoclave which separates the standard methane solution from the pressurizing fluid. The solutions are prepared at 100 to 200 atmospheres and do not need to be re-standardized after each experiment. We also have some measurements on aqueous ammonia, boric acid, and acetic acid. Preliminary calculations of the free energy of methane in water at room temperature as a function of the model parameters for the methane have been finished. In preparation for these calculations, the theory and practice of the free energy perturbation calculations was reviewed. In molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo calculations a system does not immediately equilibrate to a change in the Hamiltonian, so that there is a time lag or a configuration number lag in the response of the system. These lags cause errors …
Date:
May 2, 1991
Creator:
Wood, R.H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermal Regimes of Major Volcanic Centers: Magnetotelluric Constraints
The interpretation of geophysical/electromagnetic field data has been used to study dynamical processes in the crust beneath three of the major tectono-volcanic features in North America: the Long Valley/Mono Craters Volcanic Complex in eastern California, the Cascades Volcanic Belt in Oregon, and the Rio Grande Rift in the area of Socorro, New Mexico. Primary accomplishments have been in the area of creating and implementing a variety of 2-D generalized inverse computer codes, and the application of these codes to fields studies on the basin structures and he deep thermal regimes of the above areas. In order to more fully explore the space of allowable models (i.e. those inverse solutions that fit the data equally well), several distinctly different approaches to the 2-D inverse problem have been developed: (1) an overdetermined block inversion; (2) an overdetermined spline inverstion; (3) a generalized underdetermined total inverse which allows one to tradeoff certain attributes of their model, such as minimum structure (flat models), roughness (smooth models), or length (small models). Moreover, we are exploring various approaches for evaluating the resolution model parameters for the above algorithms. 33 refs.
Date:
October 2, 1989
Creator:
Hermance, J. F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Seismic hazard analysis for the NTS spent reactor fuel test site
An experiment is being directed at the Nevada Test Site to test the feasibility for storage of spent fuel from nuclear reactors in geologic media. As part of this project, an analysis of the earthquake hazard was prepared. This report presents the results of this seismic hazard assessment. Two distinct components of the seismic hazard were addressed: vibratory ground motion and surface displacement. (ACR)
Date:
May 2, 1980
Creator:
Campbell, K.W.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Development and utilization of new diagnostics for dense-phase pneumatic transport
In 1988, we proposed a program to develop new diagnostics for dense gas-solid suspensions, with particular interest toward the dense pneumatic transport of cohesive solid plugs. This program included three main objectives, as follows: to develop probes for local measurements of (1) local particle volume fraction and (2) individual particle velocities in dense gas-solid flows; and (3) to construct a bench-scale setup for transporting dense cohesive solid plugs and to analyze data from the resulting tests.
Date:
March 2, 1992
Creator:
Louge, M. & Jenkins, J.T.
System:
The UNT Digital Library