Several methods of determining meteorite ages depend ages upon nuclides formed by cosmic ray interactions. The tactic assumption is always made that the intensity of cosmic radiation does not vary in time or space. However it is known that the intensity of cosmic radiation at the earth varies with the solar activity. The spectrum of cosmic ray protons and alpha particles exhibit a marked drop at the low energy end (<1.5 GeV) and the intensity in the region appears to follow the 11 year cycle of solar activity. The low energy cosmic rays increase in intensity with a decrease in solar activity. These changes in cosmic ray intensities are generally attributed to a modulation of the galactic cosmic radiation by the magnetic fields associated with the outward streaming solar material, the solar wind. One would therefore expect that the cosmic ray intensity several astronomical units from the sun is greater than the intensity at the earth's orbit, particularly at the low energy end of the spectrums.

The mode of dissolution of magnesium in molten magnesium chloride contacted with Mg-Pb alloys was studied at 750°C using anodic chronopotentiometry. An inert tantalum anode was used to determine relative amounts of magnesium dissolved in its chloride as a function of magnesium activity in the alloy. According to the law of mass action a linear dependence of magnesium solubility on a Mg indicates Mg2Cl2 as the reaction product and a parabolic dependence indicates MgCl. It was found that the amount of magnesium dissolved in its chloride was directly proportional to the magnesium activity in the metal phase, i.e., a linear dependence, indicating Mg2Cl2 as the subhalide species. Due to the corrosive nature of the Mg-MgCl2 system a special apparatus was used so that only the inert metals tantalum and molybdenum came in contact with the melt. Purification procedures and conditions for proper equilibration and measurement were established and are reported. The basic equation of chronopotentiometry, [equation not transcribed], was found to hold and at given magnesium activities the product [unintelligible] did not vary with the current, indicating the validity of the analytical technique.

The United States and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), on May 29, and June 18, 1958, signed an agreement which provides a basis for co-operation in programs for the advancement of the peaceful applications of atomic energy. The work described in this report represents the Joint U.S.-Euratom effort. The over-all development program is designed to obtain the test data and operating experience necessary to eventually realize a 50 percent increase in the output of the Garigliano Nuclear Power Station located at Sessa Aurunca (Campania, Italy). One task is in progress: Task I - Data Logging and Computer System. The work on the other tasks is being planned and initiated.

Summary: Transition boiling data was taken with an improved flow loop, to explore the influence of loop characteristics on rod temperature fluctuations the transition region was found to be much smaller than for comparable conditions with a different loop. Also the amplitude, and frequency of the temperature oscillations, were significantly less than before. These results indicate that loop characteristic and flow disturbance parameters play a prominent part in governing the transition temperature fluctuations. Additional two-rod transition boiling data are presented. The results include data taken at high wall temperature levels during a demonstration test at low steam qualities, and the effect of a change in rod spacing on heat transfer performance.

To properly assess the "sensitivity" of explosives systems under impact conditions we must obtain detailed information on these mechanisms by which explosives are ignited by impact. It is necessary to know which impact conditions represent the greatest hazard to explosive materials, as well as to know for a given impact condition the relative responses of explosives of interest. I should like to describe to you a program sponsored jointly by the Department of Defense and the Atomic Energy Commission to attain this type of information. A wide variety of impact experiments have been conducted using geometrical arrangements of explosive, plastic, and metal which are relatively simple compared to complete ordnance systems. All of these tests have employed billets of explosive fabricated by standard production techniques, and the billets have been sufficiently large that ignition, once started, has something of the same opportunity to grow or decay as in full scale ordnance assemblies. From these relatively simple tests there has accrued much new useful information on the behavior of explosives under impact. With this new information providing a base from which to work, it is hoped that theoretical calculations on impact phenomena will in the future make a bigger contribution to …

In the course of modern physics research, the need frequently arises for storage of large quantities of electrical energy which can be periodically discharged at high peak power into a load. Until recently, the homopolar machine has been an intriguing device having considerable academic interest but little practical value. In recent years, successful machines have been developed to utilize liquid-metal brush systems. The liquid-metal brush overcomes all the problems associated with current collection power loss, frictional loss, and limiting peripheral velocity. Consequently, these machines are now worth serious consideration where high-current dc generation is required. The main purpose in setting up a homopolar generator test program was to establish the limits to which an essentially standard commercially available generator of this type could be pushed.

The United States and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), on May 29, and June 18, 1958, signed an agreement which provides a basis for co-operation in programs for the advancement of the peaceful applications of atomic energy. The work described in this report represents the Joint U.S.-Euratom effort. The over-all development program is designed to obtain the test data and operating experience necessary to eventually realize a 50 percent increase in the output of the Garigliano Nuclear Power Station located at Sessa Aurunca (Campania, Italy). Two tasks are in progress: Task III-F involves the preparation of test specimens of reactor vessel material for irradiation; Task IV consists of the formulation of specification for a complete data logging and computer system.

Development of nuclear reactor cores having high power density, long fuel life, and low fabrication costs is the objective of this program sponsored by the AEC. Five tasks are in progress: (1) Task 1A-High Power Density Fuel Development, (2) Task 1B-Fuel Fabrication Development. Assembly, (3) Task II-Stability, Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, (4) Task III-Physics Development, and (5) Task IV-Co-Ordination and Test Planning.

Summary: Tests with the two-rod assembly were performed with liquid film trippers attached to the unheated wall, and a variation in rod spacing. Experimental data and improved high-speed motion pictures have been obtained of transition boiling behavior. The changes of the local heat transfer process between nucleate and film boiling can be readily distinguished i the motion pictures. Observational test performed with very short fins on the heated surface resulted in essentially eliminating transition boiling temperature fluctuations and doubling the film boiling coefficient. These gains were attained without reduction of the critical heat flux

The objective of the Accurate Nuclear Fuel Burnup Analyses program is to develop more accurate methods for burnup analysis for general use than the current method of analysis of Ca-137 or Sr-90. The program will require from three to five years of effort.

Technical report describing that voids were measured in a ½-inch by 1-3/4-inch channel with the S-1 insert (B(0)/B(1) = 0.4, L(0) = 0.1 inch), at 2 inches ahead of the insert (position A), ½-inch past the insert (position B), 5 inches past (position C), and 12 inches past (position D). The conditions were: P – 1000 psia, G = 1.00 x 10(6) lb/h-ft(2), and x = 18.8 percent. Average void and void distribution at position A are the same as for flow in a straight channel. Void distribution at position B shows that the stagnation region downstream of the inserts contains a high fraction of voids. Average void and void distribution at positions C and d show that the two-phase mixture becomes strongly mixed (homogenized) as a result of passing through he contraction-expansion inserts. Distribution at position D approaches the distribution at position A; i.e., the straight channel distribution.

Technical report. From Abstract : "A number of the physical properties from which we can obtain both direct and indirect information concerning the band structures of metals, have been measured for most of the rare earth metals. It was thought that it would be desirable to review ans examine these data and try to tie them together. For this purpose the very low and room temperature heat capacities, Hall coefficients, magnetic susceptibilities, spectral data and electrical resistivities were examined."

The United States and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), on May 29, and June 18, 1958, signed an agreement which provides a basis for co-operation in programs for the advancement of the peaceful applications of atomic energy. The work described in this report represents the Joint U.S.-Euratom effort. The over-all development program is designed to obtain the test data and operating experience necessary to eventually realize a 50 percent increase in the output of the Garigliano Nuclear Power Station located at Sessa Aurunca (Campania, Italy). Two tasks are in progress: Task III-F involves the preparation of test specimens of reactor vessel material for irradiation; Task IV consists of the formulation of specification for a complete data logging and computer system.

Development of nuclear reactor cores having high power density, long fuel life, and low fabrication costs is the objective of this program sponsored by the AEC. Five tasks are in progress: (1) Task 1A-High Power Density Fuel Development. All fuel irradiation has been terminated with the final shutdown of the VBWR. The high burnup average achieved by a single assembly in the group is 10,000 MWD/T (assembly 1F). Twenty-one of the original 24 assemblies have failed or are suspected of failure. Profilometer tests rung on HPD assembly 2E, Rod B, indicate that localized clad deformation occurs during operation. (2) Task 1B-Fuel Fabrication Development. Assembly. All fuel irradiation has been terminated with the final shutdown of the VBWR. The highest average burnup achieved by a single assembly in the group was assembly 4S with 8400 MWD/T. All assemblies in the group have failed or are suspected of failure. The Phase I developmental fuel continues to be irradiated in the Big rock Point reactor with the lead assembly having reached 1500 MWD/T. Fifteen phase II developmental assemblies are being construction for insertion at Big Rock Point in March. Engineering is underway to provide one instrumented assembly probe and two spare flowmeters for …

Summary: Heat transfer tests employing the two-rod test section without film tripping devices have been completed. Representations defining critical heat flux, transition boiling and film boiling behavior at high pressures and over a steam quality range of 25 to 90 percent are shown. Fabrication of a new observational test section was completed and initial test results with high-speed motion pictures were obtained. A test loop instability which was found to affect transition boiling behavior was detected and partially eliminated.

The objective of the Accurate Nuclear Fuel Burnup Analyses program is to develop more accurate methods for burnup analysis for general use than the current method of analysis of Ca-137 or Sr-90. The program will require from three to five years of effort.

The United States and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), on May 29, and June 18, 1958, signed an agreement which provides a basis for co-operation in programs for the advancement of the peaceful applications of atomic energy. The work described in this report represents the Joint U.S.-Euratom effort. The over-all development program is designed to obtain the test data and operating experience necessary to eventually realize a 50 percent increase in the output of the Garigliano Nuclear Power Station located at Sessa Aurunca (Campania, Italy). Two tasks are in progress: Task III-F involves the preparation of test specimens of reactor vessel material for irradiation; Task IV consists of the formulation of specification for a complete data logging and computer system.

Tissue from etiolated or partially etiolated Pisum seedlings is widely used in work on growth substances and light responses. However, in the authors' experience growth under the conditions commonly employed is frequently irregular, and often affords little or no satisfactory experimental material. Although the literature records little evidence of such difficulties, personal communication with many investigators leaves no doubt they are widespread.

Summary: Fundamental studies in support of the alloy design work are complete except for the experimental determination of the diffusion of oxygen in alloy-doped non-stoichiometric ZrO2. Over 100 oxidation runs have now been made on samples of ZrO2 doped with 1 mole percent of the oxides of Al, Y, Fe, Cr, and Ni. The first round testing of 31 alloys is now essentially complete. Analysis of the steam corrosion rate and hydriding raw data taken at 300, 400, and 500 degrees C indicates that Zr-Cr and Zr-Cu-Fe alloys show the most promise for development for service in steam over the entire temperature range 300-500 degrees C. Maximum resistance to corrosion hydrogen embrittlement requires high initial ductility and thus low, perhaps less than ~2.5 a/o total alloy content. For any composition, susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement depends on crystallographic texture of the component; under certain circumstances hydrogen embrittlement may be high anisotropic. The second-round testing of 10 selected Zr-Cr and Zr-Cu base alloys is now about 50% complete. Three alternate fabrication schedules were evaluated; and the preliminary results indicate that the Zr-Cu alloy tested is less sensitive to heat treatment than is the Zr-Cr alloy tested. Raising the final alpha annealing temperature …

Recent measurements of the pion-proton total cross section, taken with small statistical errors, have shown the existence of two new maxima in the momentum range between 2 and 3 BeV/c. Measurements of comparable statistical accuracy, covering the momentum range from 2.5 to 8 BeV/c are reported in the present paper. In addition to the total cross sections for π± mesons on protons, their total cross sections on deuterons have also been determined. Some data were also taken on the total cross sections for K+ mesons on protons and deuterons and for K- mesons on protons.

Summary: Initial critical heat flux, transition boiling temperature fluctuation, and film boiling coefficient data have been obtained on a two-rod cluster assembly at 1000 psia and 25 to 90 percent steam qualities. A representation showing the range of critical heat flux data is presented. Typical temperature recordings which indicate transition and film boiling behavior are shown. Fabrication of a new high pressure observational test section is nearly complete. An optical table and illumination system has been build and operationally tested for photographic use on the new observational section.

A working definition of homeostasis is the following: the sum total of the processes which maintain a steady level of various substances or functions within a living baby. Our own concern will be with the homeostasis of trace metals. I will begin with a slide which shows the total body concentration of various metals, including "trace" ones. Only metallic constituents which play a role in the maintenance of the body's structure and function are shown. The essential trace metals among them are represented by black bars. Iron is both black and white. Indeed, if one excludes the fixed sequestered iron of myoglobin and of hemoglobin, one is left with a trace fraction of iron about which I will be talking later on. Note that the scale is logarithmic, indicating that the concentrations of essential metals in the body fall off sharply and smoothly.

Quarterly progress report on Accurate Nuclear Fuel Burnup Analysis project.

Technical report describing that the pressure drops along 3/4-inch, 1-inch, and 1-1/4 inch straight pipes and across three contraction-expansion inserts in a 1-inch pipe have been measured under both single- and two-phase flow conditions. Pressure was varied from 600 to 1400 psia, flow from 0.25 x 10(6) to 1.66 x 10(6) lb/hr ft, and quality from zero to 90 percent. The single-phase pipe friction factor agrees with the Moody value for smooth pipe. The two-phase friction for horizontal flow shows no size effect in the range of pipe sizes from 3/4 inch to 1-1/4 inch. The values lie below the Martinelli curve at the lower qualities (x<0.6), but at high qualities tend to be above the Martinelli curve. The single-phase loss coefficient for the three contraction-expansion inserts show very little Reynolds number effect in the range of channel Reynolds numbers from 3 x 10(4) to 5 x 10(5). The two-phase data for insert number 1 has not yet been reduced. The two-phase loss for insert numbers 2 and 3 lies generally below the loss prediction based on a homogeneous flow model. The two-phase loss for insert number 2 shows excellent agreement with the corresponding loss for the S-1 insert in …