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COMP: a BASIC language nonlinear least-squares curve fitting program
COMP is an interactive nonlinear least squares routine written in BASIC language and used to obtain estimates of parameters in nonlinear functions and to approximate their associated statistical errors. The program uses the linearizing (or Taylor Series) expansion of partial derivatives outlined in Draper and Smith, (1966, pp. 267 to 270). Therefore, partial derivatives must be supplied (as well as the function) by the user for any new models not currently contained in the programs. When a linearizing method is used to estimate parameters in a nonlinear model, all the usual procedures of linear regression theory can be applied. However, the results so obtained are only valid insofar as the linearized form approximates the true model. All of the statistics computed by COMP should be viewed with this restriction in mind. The output of COMP includes the variance-covariance matrix, t-tests for parameters, Von Neumann's ratio, observed, predicted and residual values, the error mean square, and an optional procedure to evaluate heteroscedasticity.
Date:
November 1, 1977
Creator:
Thomas, J. M.; Cochran, M. I.; Watson, C. R. & Eberhardt, L. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Applications of induction linac technology to heavy ion fusion
Evaluation of the application of heavy ion accelerators to ignite d-t pellets in a thermonuclear reactor is discussed. Accelerator design requirements considered include transport-limited current, beam injection conditions, and pulse bunching and focusing characteristics. The desirability of resonant and non-resonant accelerating structures is comparatively examined. The required power system switch tubes are discussed. It is concluded that heavy ion accelerators could offer a promising solution to the pellet-igniter problem. The advantages pointed out for this approach include electric efficiency greater than 10 percent, the possibility of high repetition rates (1 to 10 Hz), and a mature technological base. (RME)
Date:
July 1, 1977
Creator:
Faltens, A. & Keefe, D.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Selected constituents in the smoke of domestic low tar cigarettes
Thirty-two brands of domestic commercial low tar and nicotine cigarettes were analyzed for their production of tar, nicotine, nitrogen oxides (as nitric oxide), hydrogen cyanide, acrolein, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide under standard analytical smoking conditions. Results are compared with published data for certain brands.
Date:
December 1, 1977
Creator:
Griest, W. H.; Quincy, R. B. & Guerin, M. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
/sup 16/O + /sup 40/Ca inelastic scattering and the elastic scattering wave function
The /sup 16/O + /sup 40/Ca inelastic scattering has been measured at 60-MeV incident energy, and evidence has been found in support of an explicit coupling between direct and elastic channels. The measurements were extended over a large angular range and in particular to very forward angles. The ratio of cross sections between extreme forward and backward angles proved very useful in studying the underlying reaction mechanism.
Date:
January 1, 1977
Creator:
Rehm, K.E.; Henning, W.; Erskine, J.R. & Kovar, D.G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cryogenic supplies for the TFTR neutral beam line cryopanels
Cryocondensing panels will be used for the Neutral Beam Lines of the TFTR to satisfy a pumping speed requirement of 2.5 x 10/sup 6/ l/s. The cryocondensing panels are fed by liquid helium (LHe), boiling at selectable temperatures of 4.5/sup 0/K or 3.8/sup 0/K. Liquid nitrogen (LN/sub 2/) panels and chevrons thermally shield the LHe panel. The closed-loop LHe supply system and the open loop LN/sub 2/ system are discussed. The helium refrigerator of minimum 1070-W capacity, together with its distribution system, and the nitrogen distribution system in the ton/hour LN/sub 2/ range is presented. Problems and their solutions in connection with the LHe system, including the distribution over a distance of 500 feet of large quantities of liquid/gas mixtures with load variations over the range of about 3 : 1, and the economies of various types of distribution lines (passive, pumped, shielded, combined), are described. The system design passed the preliminary phase. Design features and auxiliary equipment to assure dispersion of large quantities of nitrogen into the atmosphere and to permit operation under degraded cryogenic helium refrigerator performance are also discussed in Design Considerations.
Date:
January 1, 1977
Creator:
Pinter, G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Discussion: ''toughness variations during the tempering of a plain carbon martensitic steel'' by J. E. King, R. F. Smith and J. F. Knott. Retained austenite and transgranular tempered martensite embrittlement
Discussion is presented to substantiate, clarify and reinterpret some of the results of the above authors for the existence and origin of tempered martensite embrittlement (TME) in relation to retained austenite, with reference to the experimental steels worked at LBL for the past several years.
Date:
June 1, 1977
Creator:
Rao, B.V.N. & Thomas, G.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
First order study for an iron core OH system for TNS
A simple comparison has been made between an air core and an iron core ohmic heating system for a particular device, and it was shown that the peak power requirements can be substantially reduced by the use of an iron core to power levels handled by industry today. It was also shown that for an ohmic heating system initiated plasma that the cost of the iron core ohmic heating power system (iron core, dual rectifier, and DC switch) is less than the cost for a subset of the power system for an air core system (dual rectifier and DC switch). There is considerable work being done on other methods of initiating the plasma none of which seem to be incompatible with the use of an iron core system.
Date:
January 1, 1977
Creator:
Ballou, J. K. & Schultz, J.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design, development, and demonstration of a promising integrated appliance. Phase I: design. Final report
The combination or integration of appliances for the economical recovery of energy which is normally wasted during the operation of heating systems, air conditioners, water heaters, stoves, clothes washers and driers, and refrigerators in homes and commercial buildings was studied. The potential energy savings achievable by using waste heat from one appliance as heat input to another, e.g., water heaters, was estimated, and the economic benefit to the consumer calculated. Six integrated appliance systems, all involving waste heat utilization to augment water heating were identified as economically feasible with a maximum cost payback period of 3.5 y in residential buildings and 5.0 y for commercial buildings. These included heat recovery from furnaces, air conditioners, commercial ranges, heat in water drains in homes, and heat in water drains in commercial buildings. The first three are the most promising. A program to demonstrate the performance of these three integrated appliance systems and to further their commercialization is recommended. (LCL)
Date:
September 1, 1977
Creator:
Lee, W. D.; Lawrence, W. T. & Wilson, R. P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experimental program to validate analyses of accelerator breeder concepts
The concept of using high-energy particle accelerators to produce neutrons for converting fertile material to fissile is over 25 years old. It is only relatively recently that accelerator design has progressed to a point where the operation approaches commercial viability. Critical unknowns in the concept were identified in a detailed study of specic configurations. Experiments to elucidate these unknowns in a timely manner using existing material and facilities are defined and identified. Basic measurements are described to evaluate effects of the primary particle beam and resulting secondary particles in massive assemblies of most materials of interest.
Date:
January 1, 1977
Creator:
Talbert Jr., W. L.; Russell, G. J. & Malenfant, R. E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of an all-glass, evacuated, tubular, nonfocusing, nontracking solar collector array. First annual progress report, July 1, 1976--August 31, 1977
A spaced, evacuated tubular radiation receiver employing a highly selective absorber surface and light enhancement features has been subject to extensive test and analysis. Air was used as the heat transfer fluid. The design, installation, test and analysis of the air cooled collector was conducted. The thermal performance of the air cooled collector was found to be better than predicted when rated on an all day operating basis. The high performance characteristic is enhanced by the features of ease of installation and freedom from maintenance and operational problems. High quality air or liquid may be provided (the latter by heat exchange) for a variety of load applications.
Date:
December 1, 1977
Creator:
Moan, K L
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Evaluation of environmental dosimetry models for applicability to possible radioactive waste repository discharges
This report presents the results of a review of the available codes, for application to the National Waste Terminal Storage (NWTS) Program. Consideration was given to the types of radionuclides which may be of concern, the possible modes of release of these radionuclides and the various pathways by which members of the general public in the vicinity of a terminal storage facility may be exposed to the releases. Results reveal that the types and quantities of radioactive material requiring disposal will depend on the type of back and fuel cycle adopted. It can be assumed that under normal operating conditions there will be virtually no liquid effluent and inconsequentially small quantities of radioactive gaseous effluent. Under accident conditions during operation, both liquid and gaseous releases could occur resulting in exposures to the general public. Failure of the facility subsequent to decommissioning could also result in exposures but primarily via the aquatic pathways. A review of three atmospheric dispersion models and 32 environmental dosimetry codes presently used by the nuclear industry was performed. A discussion is presented on standard NRC methodologies for determining the dispersion coefficients used as input to the various models and the inherent limitations of many of the …
Date:
September 1, 1977
Creator:
Mauro, J. J.; Michlewicz, D. & Letizia, A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
State legislatures and energy policy in the Northeast: energy facility siting and legislative action
At the Federal level, a vast array of bureaucratic and legislative institutions are presently immersed in various explorations of energy policy and its national ramifications. Almost each of the 50 states has Energy offices. One element of the institutional/political equation, however, often is missed in studies of energy policy: the state legislature. This institution may well be vitally important to formulation of broad policies, and certainly is critical to successful implementation of certain aspects of those policies--especially when new enabling legislation, new tax incentives, or new regulatory powers are required. The study covers three main aspects of energy-policy formulation and action by state legislatures: legislative structure; enactment of energy-facility-siting laws; and passage (or defeat) of significant energy legislation of a more general nature. Emphasis is placed on energy-facility-siting statutes and approaches for two reasons. First, energy facilities have a great impact on land use, environmental quality, and economic growth. Second, siting of these facilities raises inherent conflicts in the attempt to achieve balance between potentially contradictory objectives. The states of New Jersey and Maryland were examined in considerable depth as examples in this study. (MCW)
Date:
June 1, 1977
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Evaluation of liquid metal leak detection methods for the Clinch River Breeder Reactor Plant
This report documents an independent review and evaluation of sodium leak detection methods described in the Clinch River Breeder Reactor Preliminary Safety Analysis Report. Only information in publicly available documents was used in making the assessments.
Date:
December 1, 1977
Creator:
Morris, C. J. & Doctor, S. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Effect of fuel recycling on radioactivity and thermal power of high-level wastes
The radioactivity and thermal power of high-level and plutonium-bearing wastes from the nuclear fuel cycle have been calculated for the years 1975 to 2005 using the rate of generation of such wastes projected for the Generic Environmental Statement on Mixed Oxide Fuel (NUREG-0002). Three modes of fuel recycle are considered: (1) no recycle, (2) uranium recycle, and (3) prompt uranium and plutonium recycle. These cases are compared with a respect to radioactivity and thermal power of the generated waste, the waste shipments, and the accumulated inventories at reactor sites, reprocessing facilities, and ultimate disposal sites.
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Wachter, J.W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pacific Northwest Laboratory Report on Fusion Energy Research, April 1977 - June 1977
The development of economic data for fusion power plants continued in a study estimating the potential impact of a shortage of materials important in fusion plant construction. In studies developing heat transfer and fluid flow design tools for fusion reactor blankets, preconceptual design studies were initiated to identify the potential design limits of water cooling in the first wall of Tokamak Next Step (TNS) concepts. In surface effects research clean gold samples were irradiated in the University of California (D,Be) neutron source for a neutron sputtering experiment. Light ion and neutron irradiation experiments have continued in studies of the effects of radiation on mechanical properties. The hardening response of 14 MeV neutron-irradiated nickel changed at high particle fluences (10/sup 16/ to 10/sup 17/ particles/cm/sup 2/) while the hardening response of 16 MeV proton-irradiated nickel did not, which may have been due to a difference in irradiation hardening mechanisms. The flux dependence of the damage microstructure and irradiation hardening of materials needs further study to clarify uncertainty about light ion and fusion neutron damage processes. Neutron irradiations of Ni, 316SS, and Nb wires and foils were completed. Work has continued in studies developing acoustic emission (AE) techniques for determining the prebreakdown …
Date:
July 1, 1977
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of energy loss in the region of relativistic rise for particle identification
The following boundary conditions are desirable for particle detectors providing momentum and mass measurement in a magnetic field. A multilayer drift chamber of the socalled ''bicycle'' type with a radius of 1.5 m is considered. The useful track length will be l/sub min/ = 1.3 m for a straight track at 90/sup 0/ to the beam axis. Two examples for possible subdivisions of this volume are chosen: (1) number of layers, n = 200 and thickness/layer, x = 6.5 mm; and (2) n = 56 and x = 23 mm. An analysis is given in which the counting gas, the pressure, and the maximum allowable particle rate are considered as variables.
Date:
January 1, 1977
Creator:
Fischer, J.; Okuno, H. & Walenta, A.H.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High-energy proton radiation damage of high-purity germanium detectors
Motivated by their applicability to gamma-ray spectroscopy experiments in space, quantitative studies of radiation damage effects in high-purity germanium detectors due to high-energy charged particles have been initiated with the irradiation by 6 GeV/c protons of two 1.0 cm thick planar detectors maintained at 88/sup 0/K. The threshold for resolution degradation and the annealing characteristics differs markedly from those previously observed for detectors irradiated by fast neutrons. Under proton bombardment, degradation in the energy resolution was found to begin below 7 x 10/sup 7/ protons/cm/sup 2/, and increased proportionately in both detectors until the experiment was terminated at a total flux of 5.7 x 10/sup 8/ protons/cm/sup 2/, equivalent to about a six year exposure to cosmic-ray protons in space. At the end of the irradiation, the FWHM resolution measured at 1332 keV stood at 8.5 and 13.6 keV, with both detectors of only marginal utility as a spectrometer due to the severe tailing caused by charge trapping. The two detectors displayed a significant difference in proton damage sensitivity, which is consistent with fast neutron damage effects. To ensure that detector variability did not influence the comparison of proton- and neutron-induced damage effects, one of the detectors had been used …
Date:
October 1, 1977
Creator:
Pehl, R.H.; Varnell, L.S. & Metzger, A.E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Basic aspects of radiation action on microorganisms. Final report for the period ending October 31, 1977. [Radioresistance of micrococcus luteus]
Progress is reported on studies on the basic aspects of radiation effects on microorganisms. Results are included from studies on the effects of uv pretreatment on the survival of ..gamma..-irradiated micrococcus luteus and uv-induced radioresistance to bacteriophage.
Date:
December 1, 1977
Creator:
Pollard, E.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conceptual design of a superconducting magnet coil for the large coil program. [Flat-wound NbTi coils]
A conceptual design for a toroidal field (TF) coil for a six coil test array has been developed. The electromagnetic, cryogenic, structural, manufacturing, quality assurance and verification testing requirements have been analyzed. The bore is oval shaped and is 2.35 meters horizontally and 3.35 meters vertically. The coil is designed to operate at 8T peak field at rated current of 10450 amperes when the other 5 coils in the toroidal array are at 80% rated current. Using-flat-wound NbTi conductor this pool-boiling, pancake wound coil is fully cryostable, and is enclosed in a 316LN stainless steel coil structure and helium container capable of supporting all expected in-plane loads and out-of-plane loads due to pulsed fields and unsymmetrical current distributions in the other 5 coils.
Date:
January 1, 1977
Creator:
Quay, R.; Bryant, R. W.; Koenig, R. F.; Ferrante, J. J.; Linkinhoker, C. L.; Donato, J. W. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hydrogen bonding in asphaltenes and coal. Progress report, March 1, 1977--August 31, 1977
A calorimetric method is presented for the simultaneous evaluation of equilibrium constant, K, and molar enthalpy, ..delta..H/sup 0/, for 1 : 1 adduct formation of quinoline (Qu) with asphaltene (A), together with its acid/neutral (AA) fraction and its base (BA) fraction, isolated from a centrifuged liquid product (CLP) sample prepared from Kentucky hvAb coal at 27.6 MPa hydrogen pressure and 723K, with reactor charged with glass pellets. The same procedure was used to determine K and ..delta..H/sup 0/ for 1 : 1 adduct formation of Qu with asphaltene and heavy oils obtained from CLP samples (FB-53) prepared with CoMo catalyst at different run times and process conditions. The effects of the CoMo catalyst, run time, and residence times on viscosity, molecular weight, ..delta..H/sup 0/, heteratom content, contents of preasphaltene, asphaltene and heavy oil, aromaticity, and structural parameters, are determined. These findings lead to the conclusion that hydrogen bonding plays an important role in determining viscosity, and contributes more to the enthalpy of interaction than does ..pi..-interaction. The toluene-insoluble fraction, asphaltene (whole, acid/neutral and base fractions), and heavy oil were isolated from a solvent-refined-coal (SRC) conversion product. Data obtained from several infrared and viscosity experiments indicate that the behavior of different …
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Li, N. C. & Tewari, K. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Simulation of chlorinated water discharges from power plants on estuaries and rivers
The fast-transient (tidal-transient) one-dimensional discrete-element chemical transport model and its associated computer code CHMONE were applied to study the effects of chlorinated water discharges from power plants on tidal estuaries and controlled rivers. The mathematical model has the capability to predict simultaneously the hydrodynamic, thermal, and chemical composition of water as one-dimensional time-dependent distributions. (LTW)
Date:
January 1, 1977
Creator:
Eraslan, A. H.; Lietzke, M. H.; Fischer, S. K. & Kalmaz, E. V.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Digital SLIFER Recorder, Model A. [Underground nuclear explosions]
The Digital SLIFER Recorder (DSR) is an instrument that records a time-varying frequency signal in the range from 700 kHz to 1500 kHz with an amplitude greater than 200 mV. This signal is referenced to an input fiducial marker, and recording is initiated by an increase in the frequency of the signal. The primary purpose of this instrument is to record data from the SLIFER system. The DSR records 512 samples after the record trigger signal, with a sample interval of 50 ..mu..s (for a total recording time of 25.55 ms). The measurement essentially uses a 20-cycle period-averaging counter technique.
Date:
November 1, 1977
Creator:
Breding, D.R.; Fogel, D.; Loukota, J.J.; Worthen, G.S. & Watterberg, J.P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Resource, technology, and environment at the geysers
A general review, description, and history of geothermal development at the Geysers is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on environmental impacts of development of the area. The discussion is presented under the following chapter titles: introduction; energy, enthalpy and the First Law; vapor-producing geothermal reservoirs--review and models; geothermal; entropy and the Second Law; power plants--basics; H/sub 2/S emissions; hydrogen sulfide--possible health effects and odor; other emissions; power plant hydrogen sulfide abatement; hot water based geothermal development; phytotoxicity of geothermal emissions; appendices; and bibliography. (JGB)
Date:
June 1, 1977
Creator:
Weres, O.; Tsao, K. & Wood, B.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Acoustic measurements of the boiling stability tests on THORS sodium loop. [LMFBR]
Acoustic data of boiling stability tests on the THORS (Thermal-Hydraulic Out-of-Reactor Safety) facility were obtained using three sodium-immersible high temperature microphones. The data was analyzed in both the time and frequency domains and provides the following information: (1) the acoustic signal due to sodium boiling was clearly observed; (2) the signal level and the repetition rate of boiling pulses are directly proportional to the applied heat flux; (3) a typical boiling pulse consists of a high frequency signal due mainly to the bubble collapses and a low frequency void oscillation; (4) the frequency spectra of the boiling and background pulses can be mostly assigned to various acoustic resonance frequencies of the THORS loop.
Date:
January 1, 1977
Creator:
Sheen, S.H.; Bobis, J.P. & Carey, W.M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library