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Approach to Performance Evaluation of a Double Wall Convective Loop House (open access)

Approach to Performance Evaluation of a Double Wall Convective Loop House

A double wall house of Ekose'a design, located in Middletown, RI, is being evaluated by Brookhaven National Laboratory under sponsorship of the US Department of Energy. The technical approach employed in monitoring and analyzing the thermal performance of the building is described.
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Ghaffari, H. T.; Jones, R. F. & Dennehy, G.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion of Municipal Solid Waste: Test Program Results (open access)

Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion of Municipal Solid Waste: Test Program Results

Air classified municipal solid waste (MSW) was fired in an atmospheric fluidized bed combustor at low excess air to simulate boiler conditions. The 7 ft/sup 2/ combustor at Combustion Power Company's energy laboratory in Menlo Park, CA, incorporates water tubes for heat extraction and recycles elutriated particles to the bed. System operation was stable while firing processed MSW for the duration of a 300-h test. Low excess air, low exhaust gas emissions, and constant bed temperature demonstrated feasibility of steam generation from fluidized bed combustion of MSW. During the 300-h test, combustion efficiency averaged 99%. Excess air was typically 44% while an average bed temperature of 1400/sup 0/F and an average superficial gas velocity of 4.6 fps were maintained. Typical exhaust emission levels were 30 ppM SO/sub 2/, 160 ppM NO/sub x/, 200 ppM CO, and 25 ppM hydrocarbons. No agglomeration of bed material or detrimental change in fluidization properties was experienced. A conceptual design study of a full scale plant to be located at Stanford University was based on process conditions from the 300-h test. The plant would produce 250,000 lb/hr steam at the maximum firing rate of 1000 tons per day (TPD) processed MSW. The average 800 TPD …
Date: May 1, 1980
Creator: Preuit, L. C. & Wilson, K B
System: The UNT Digital Library
Advancement of Remote Technology: Past Perspectives and Future Plans (open access)

Advancement of Remote Technology: Past Perspectives and Future Plans

In the Consolidated Fuel Reprocessing Program at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, a comprehensive remote systems development program has existed for the past five years. The new remote technology under development is expected to significantly improve remote operations by extending the range of admissible remote tasks and increasing remote work efficiency. The motivation and justification for the program are discussed by surveying the 40 years of remote operating experience which exists and considering the essential features of various old and new philosophies which have been, or are being, used in remote engineering. A future direction based upon the Remotex concept is explained, and recent progress in the development of an advanced servomanipulator-based maintenance concept is summarized to show that a new generation of remote systems capability is feasible through advanced technology. 20 references, 10 figures, 1 table.
Date: January 1, 1984
Creator: Feldman, M. J. & Hamel, W. R.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Application of Bar Codes to the Automation of Analytical Sample Data Collection (open access)

Application of Bar Codes to the Automation of Analytical Sample Data Collection

The Health Protection Department at the Savannah River Plant collects 500 urine samples per day for tritium analyses. Prior to automation, all sample information was compiled manually. Bar code technology was chosen for automating this program because it provides a more accurate, efficient, and inexpensive method for data entry. The system has three major functions: sample labeling is accomplished at remote bar code label stations composed of an Intermec 8220 (Intermec Corp.) interfaced to an IBM-PC, data collection is done on a central VAX 11/730 (Digital Equipment Corp.). Bar code readers are used to log-in samples to be analyzed on liquid scintillation counters. The VAX 11/730 processes the data and generates reports, data storage is on the VAX 11/730 and backed up on the plant's central computer. A brief description of several other bar code applications at the Savannah River Plant is also presented.
Date: January 1, 1986
Creator: Jurgensen, H. A.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Apex Accelerator Cycle for Transmutation of Long-Lived Fission Wastes (open access)

Apex Accelerator Cycle for Transmutation of Long-Lived Fission Wastes

Based on preliminary studies, some conclusions can be drawn concerning the Accelerator Fuel Enricher and Fission Product Exterminator (APEX). APEX-1 and APEX-2 systems can destroy TU's, /sup 137/Cs, and /sup 90/Sr at acceptable cost and efficiency. The principal difference between APEX-1 and APEX-2 is the in-reactor and in-circuit inventory of /sup 137/Cs and /sup 90/Sr. Stable and low hazard wastes can be disposed of by burial. Accelerator breeders can effectively sustain a fission reactor economy indefinitely. Military waste can be blended into commercial fuel cycle for transmutation. Accelerator and target technologies appear practical and could be developed in a few years. More detailed studies are needed to better define the technical and economic features of the LAFER and APEX cycles, so that comparative assessments can be made between these cycles, as well as with other transmutation and waste disposal concepts.
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Powell, J.; Steinberg, M.; Takahashi, H.; Grand, P.; Botts, T. & Kouts, H. J. C.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Avoiding Future Health Problems Related to Photovoltaic Technology (open access)

Avoiding Future Health Problems Related to Photovoltaic Technology

Environmental, health, and safety aspects of photovoltaic technology are discussed, and the role of Brookhaven National Lab as DOE's field center for research and advice in this area is described. (WHK)
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Stang, L.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Atmospheric Fluidized-Bed Combustion Coal Feeding Test Program (open access)

Atmospheric Fluidized-Bed Combustion Coal Feeding Test Program

Development of a coal feeding and distribution system is one of the major requirements for successful operation of large scale atmospheric fluidized-bed boilers. Since combustion efficiency, sulfur capture, and tube corrosion are strong functions of coal distribution in the bed, the reliability of the feed system is critical. One proposed coal feeding method involves underbed feed nozzles, and pneumatic conveying is a key element in this method. Several technical problems are inherent in such systems. One program aimed at resolving these problems involves testing a pneumatic transport system constructed to represent the branch feed lines in TVA's 20 MW AFBC pilot plant. The major objective is to determine the practical limits of such operating parameters as surface moisture, transport velocity, and coal loading. In addition, correlations are being developed to predict line pressure drop as a function of the conveying parameters. Pressure drop is important because it determines the feed system pumping costs and is a good indicator of changes in the solids flow regime. Preliminary results indicate that surface moisture is the most important factor in getting coal into the transport line. Coal with up to 6 wt % surface moisture can be fed with little difficulty, but higher …
Date: January 1, 1980
Creator: Daw, C. S.; Thomas, J F; Holcomb, R S & Andrews, C K
System: The UNT Digital Library
Attenuation of Airborne Debris From LMFBR Accidents (open access)

Attenuation of Airborne Debris From LMFBR Accidents

Experimental and theoretical studies have been performed to characterize the behavior of airborne particulates (aerosols) expected to be produced by hypothetical core disassembly accidents (HCDA's) in liquid metal fast breeder reactors (LMFBR's). These aerosol studies include work on aerosol transport in a 20-m high, 850-m/sup 3/ closed vessel at moderate concentrations; aerosol transport in a small vessel under conditions of high concentration (approx. 1000 g/m/sup 3/), high turbulence, and high temperature (approx. 2000/sup 0/C); and aerosol transport through various leak paths. These studies have shown that little, if any, airborne debris from LMFBR HCDA's would reach the atmosphere exterior to an intact reactor containment building.
Date: January 1, 1978
Creator: Morewitz, H. A.; Johnson, R. P.; Nelson, C. T.; Vaughan, E. U.; Guderjahn, C. A.; Hilliard, R. K. et al.
System: The UNT Digital Library
An Approach for Assessing Alwr Passive Safety System Reliability (open access)

An Approach for Assessing Alwr Passive Safety System Reliability

Many advanced light water reactor designs incorporate passive rather than active safety features for front-line accident response. A method for evaluating the reliability of these passive systems in the context of probabilistic risk assessment has been developed at Sandia National Laboratories. This method addresses both the component (e.g. valve) failure aspect of passive system failure, and uncertainties in system success criteria arising from uncertainties in the system's underlying physical processes. These processes provide the system's driving force; examples are natural circulation and gravity-induced injection. This paper describes the method, and provides some preliminary results of application of the approach to the Westinghouse AP600 design.
Date: January 1, 1991
Creator: Hake, T. M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Achieving Consensus in Environmental Programs (open access)

Achieving Consensus in Environmental Programs

In this paper, we describe a new research effort on consensus tied to the Environmental Restoration Program (ERP) within the US Department of Energy's Office of Defense Waste and Transportation Management (DWTM). We define consensus and explain why consensus decisions are not merely desirable but necessary in furthering ERP activities. As examples of our planned applied research, we first discuss Nominal Group Technique as a representative consensus-generating tool, and we conclude by describing the consensus-related mission of the Waste Management Review Group, established at Virginia Tech to conduct independent, third-party review of DWTM/ERP plans and activities. 10 refs.
Date: January 1, 1989
Creator: Kurstedt, Jr., H. A.; Jones, R. M.; Walker, J. A. & Middleman, L. I.
System: The UNT Digital Library
N = 2 Maxwell-Einstein Supergravity Theories: Their Compact and Non-Compact Gaugings and Jordan Algebras (open access)

N = 2 Maxwell-Einstein Supergravity Theories: Their Compact and Non-Compact Gaugings and Jordan Algebras

In this talk we give a review of our work on the construction and classification of N = 2 Maxwell-Einstein Supergravity theories (MESGT), study of the underlying algebraical and geometrical structure of these theories, and their compact and non-compact gaugings. We begin by summarizing our construction of the N = 2 MESGT's in five dimensions and give a geometrical interpretation to various scalar dependent quantities in the Lagrangian, based on the constraiants implied by supersymmetry. This is followed by a complete classification of the N = 2 MESGT's whose target manifolds parametrized by the scalar fields are symmetric spaces. 39 refs.
Date: January 1, 1985
Creator: Guenaydin, M.; Sierra, G. & Townsend, P.K.
System: The UNT Digital Library