The results of the 1980 survey of electric utility-sponsored energy conservation, load management, and end-use solar energy conversion projects are described. The work is an expansion of a previous survey and evaluation and has been jointly sponsored by EPRI and DOE through the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. There are three volumes and a summary document. Each volume presents the results of an extensive survey to determine electric utility involvement in customer-side projects related to the particular technology (i.e., conservation, solar, or load management), selected descriptions of utility projects and results, and first-level technical and economic evaluations.

This equipment availability report (1973 to 1982, 1982) presents statistical information on the performance of the major types of generating units and their major component groups. (DLC)

Transverse and longitudinal phase volumes are evaluated and dilution factors defined. A new and simpler expression for the effect of third-order geometric aberrations is given. Constraints on the final quadrupole bore radius are discussed. Parameters of the example design are given and the preceding analysis is applied to it. The available dilution factor allows a comparison between the present induction linac example design and the rf linac designs available in 1978. The last sections contain a discussion of phase-space limitation on attaining high power density for spot heating experiments, and a brief discussion and summary.

The discussion reviews the use of accelerators originally intended for nuclear physics to do high resolution mass spectrometry for the purpose of isotope dating and age estimation of materials. (GHT)

The activities of Los Alamos National Laboratory's Accelerator Technology Division are discussed. This report covers the last six months of calendar 1980 and is organized around the Division's major projects. These projects reflect a wide variety of applications and sponsors. The major technological innovations promoted by the Pion Generator for Medical Irradiation (PIGMI) program have been developed; accelerator technologies relevant to the design of a medically practical PIGMI have been identified. A new group in AT Division deals with microwave and magnet studies; we describe the status of some of their projects. We discuss the prototype gyrocon, which has been completed, and the development of the radio-frequency quadrupole linear accelerator, which continues to stimulate interest for many possible applications. One section of this report briefly describes the results of a design study for an electron beam ion source that is ideally suited as an injector for a heavy ion linac; another section reports on a turbine engine test facility that will expose operating turbine engines to simulated maneuver forces. In other sections we discuss various activities: the Fusion Materials Irradiation Test program, the free-electron laser program, the racetrack microtron project, the Proton Storage ring, and H/sup -/ ion sources and …

The laboratory testing of the reactions of acetic, formic, hydrochloric, and hydrofluoric acids with calcium carbonate, kaolin, sepiolite, and two formation materials at geothermal temperatures is described. A workable test procedure was developed which provided information regarding the relative reactivities of selected minerals or formation materials with three of the four acids investigated. Tests with hydrochloric acid were complicated by reactions of the acid with the test vessel materials and therefore, only very limited work could be done with this acid at the desired temperatures. In spite of these difficulties, information regarding the amount of soluble material in the various acids was obtained. From this information an approximate value for the percent dissolution of the minerals under the different reaction conditions could be calculated. Additional information regarding the formation of solid secondary reaction products upon cooling of the reacted acid was also obtained. The implication of the mineral reactivities with the different acids and the formation of secondary solids on geothermal acidizing operations are discussed. Some selected scale inhibitors (for calcium carbonate) were tested for their hydrothermal stability. Their efficiency in inhibiting the formation of calcium carbonate scale before and after aging at 500/sup 0/F was measured. The implications of …

This report describes the laboratory testing of the reactions of acetic, formic, hydrochloric, ad hydrofluoric acids with calcium carbonate, kaolin, sepiolite, and two formation materials at geothermal temperatures. In general, a workable test procedure was developed which provided information regarding the relative reactivities of selected minerals or formation materials with three of the four acids investigated. Tests with hydrochloric acrid were complicated by reactions of the acid with the test vessel materials and therefore, only very limited work could be done with this acid at the desired temperatures. In spite of these difficulties, information regarding the amount of soluble material in the various acids was obtained. From this under the different reaction conditions could be calculated. Additional information regarding the formation of solid secondary reaction products upon cooling of the reacted acid was also obtained. The implication of the mineral reactivities with the different acids and the formation of secondary solids on geothermal acidizing operations are discussed. In addition, some selected scale inhibitors (for calcium carbonate) were tested for their hydrothermal stability. Their efficiency in inhibiting the formation of calcium carbonate scale before and after aging at 500{degree}F was measured. The implications of the loss of efficiency of these materials …

The work has shown that acoustic agglomeration at practical acoustic intensities and frequencies is technically and most likely economically viable. The following studies were performed with the listed results: The physics of acoustic agglomeration is complex particularly at the needed high acoustic intensities in the range of 150 to 160 dB and frequencies in the 2500 Hz range. The analytical model which we developed, although not including nonlinear acoustic efforts, agreed with the trends observed. We concentrated our efforts on clarifying the impact of high acoustic intensities on the generation of turbulence. Results from a special set of tests show that although some acoustically generated turbulence of sorts exists in the 150 to 170 dB range with acoustic streaming present, such turbulence will not be a significant factor in acoustic agglomeration compared to the dominant effect of the acoustic velocities at the fundamental frequency and its harmonics. Studies of the robustness of the agglomerated particles using the Anderson Mark III impactor as the source of the shear stresses on the particles show that the agglomerates should be able to withstand the rigors of flow through commercial cyclones without significant break-up. We designed and developed a 700/sup 0/F tubular agglomerator of …

Integral capture and/or fission rates have been reported earlier for several actinides irradiated in the fast neutron field of the Coupled Fast Reactivity Measurements Facility (CFRMF). These nuclides include /sup 232/Th, /sup 233/U, /sup 235/U, /sup 238/U, /sup 237/Np, /sup 239/Pu, /sup 240/Pu, /sup 242/Pu, /sup 241/Am and /sup 243/Am. This paper forucses on the utilization of these integral data for testing the respective cross sections on ENDF/B-V. Integral cross sections derived from the measured reaction rates are tabulated. Results are presented for cross-section data testing which includes integral testing based on a comparison of calculated and measured integral cross sections and testing based on least-squares-adjustment analyses.

Annual report of the Advisory Council for Technical-Vocational Education in Texas describing goals, activities, and accomplishments during fiscal year 1982.

Spectral analysis of aeromagnetic data collected over north-central California during the summer of 1980 aided in determining magnetic-source bottom depths beneath the survey area. Five regions of shallow magnetic source bottom depths were detected: (1) Secret Spring Mountain and National Lava Beds Monument area; (2) the Mount Shasta area; (3) the Eddys Mountain area; (4) the Big Valley Mountains area; and (5) an area northeast of Lassen Peak. Except for the Eddys Mountain area, all regions exhibiting shallow depths are suggested to be due to elevated Curie-point isotherms. Deeper magnetic source bottom depths were mapped throughout the remainder of the study area, with depths greater than 9 km BSL indicated beneath Lassen Peak and greater than 11 km BSL indicated beneath the Western Cascades, Eastern Klamath Mountains, and Great Valley.

Aeromagnetic measurements made along flightlines oriented east-west and spaced at 1.6-km intervals and along lines oriented north-south and spaced at 8-km intervals, over approximately 30,000 square km of northern California, exhibit crossing errors of less than 5 nanoTeslas. The measurements show short-wavelength magnetic anomalies associated with near-surface volcanics over and east of Lassen Peak and over and north of Mt. Shasta and the Medicine Lake Highlands, longer wavelength anomalies over the Modoc Plateau, and very long wavelength anomalies over the northernmost part of the Great Valley and the easternmost metamorphic rocks of the Klamath Mountains. Anomaly patterns exhibit northwest-southeast trends over the Modoc Plateau and a marked change in character at the juncture of the plateau and the Klamath Mountain and Great Valley complexes.

Terrestrial food-chain models that simulate the transport of environmentally released radionuclides incorporate parameters describing agricultural production and practice. Often a single set of default parameters, such as that listed in USNRC Regulatory Guide 1.109, is used in lieu of site-specific information. However, the geographical diversity of agricultural practice in the United States suggests the limitations of a single set of default parameters for assessment models. This report documents default parameters with a county-wide resolution based on analysis of the 1974 US Census of Agriculture for use in terrestrial food chain models. Data reported by county, together with state-based information from the US Department of Agriculture, Economic and Statistics Service, provided the basis for estimates of model input parameters. This report also describes these data bases, their limitations, and lists default parameters by county. Vegetable production is described for four categories: leafy vegetables; vegetables and fruits exposed to airborne material; vegetables, fruits, and nuts protected from airborne materials; and grains. Livestock feeds were analyzed in categories of hay, silage, pasture, and grains. Pasture consumption was estimated from cattle and sheep inventories, their feed requirements, and reported quantities of harvested forage. The results were compared with assumed yields of the pasture areas …

The Livermore Regional Air Quality Model (LIRAQ) has been updated and improved. This report describes the changes that have been made in chemistry, species treatment, and boundary conditions. The results of smog chamber simulations that were used to verify the chemistry as well as simulations of the entire air quality model for two prototype days in the Bay Area are reported. The results for the prototype day simulations are preliminary due to the need for improvement in meteorology fields, but they show the dependence and sensitivity of high hour ozone to changes in selected boundary and initial conditions.

A report by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) that assesses "scenarios of future growth in air transportation; alternative ways to increase airport and terminal area capacity; technological and economic alternatives to the ATC (air traffic control) system modifications proposed by the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration); and alternatives to the present ATC process" (p. 3).

The activities and accomplishments of the alcohol fuels program are reviewed briefly. Educational and promotional activities are described. (MHR)

This monograph deals with the properties of Alfven waves and with their application to fusion. The book is divided into 7 chapters dealing with linear properties in homogeneous and inhomogeneous plasmas. Absorption is treated by means of kinetic theory. Instabilities and nonlinear processes are treated in Chapters 1 to 6, and the closing chapter is devoted to theory and experiments in plasma heating by Alfven waves. (MOW)

This report summarizes the work performed during the quarter ending December 30, 1981. The major efforts have been directed toward the continued acclimation of two anaerobic treatment systems, start up of a third anaerobic treatment system, GC/MS characterization of the coal gasification wastewater, data acquisition for determination of distribution coefficients for the extraction of phenol from the wastewater using MIBK, and preliminary design of a solvent extraction system for wastewater pretreatment. The progress of these efforts are depicted in the Gannt Chart, along with project expenditures for the above contract, and are presented in detail in the following sections.

A reinforced flat plate supported on load cell force transducers is proposed as a system for measuring the dynamic force of an impact test. The system is mathematically modeled as a beam on elastic supports loaded at its midspan by a half sine pulse. Analytical expressions are derived for the force vs time in the load cells and are shown to be functions of three parameters, the ratio of the load duration to the fundamental frequency of the system, the ratio of support stiffness to beam flexural stiffness and the ratio of the distance between supports to the total beam span. The results of calculations made for a range of parameters are presented and discussed. It is shown that the load cells should not be located at the end of the beam. Optimum results are obtained by placing them directly under what would be the nodal points of the fundamental beam vibration mode if the beam were in a free-free condition. As an example, a hypothetical impact test including estimates for peak force and duration is considered and a drop table suitable for the test is designed.

Results are presented of an effort aimed at determining whether or not water quality degradation, as exemplified by dissolved oxygen concentrations, is a potentially significant issue affecting small-scale hydropower development in the US. The approach was to pair operating hydroelectric sites of all sizes with dissolved oxygen measurements from nearby downstream US Geological Survey water quality stations (acquired from the WATSTORE data base). The USGS data were used to calculate probabilities of non-compliance (PNCs), i.e., the probabilities that dissolved oxygen concentrations in the discharge waters of operating hydroelectric dams will drop below 5 mg/l. PNCs were estimated for each site, season (summer vs remaining months), and capacity category (less than or equal to 30 MW vs >30 MW). Because of the low numbers of usable sites in many states, much of the subsequent analysis was conducted on a regional basis. During the winter months (November through June) all regions had low mean PNCs regardless of capacity. Most regions had higher mean PNCs in summer than in winter, and summer PNCs were greater for large-scale than for small-scale sites. Among regions, the highest mean summer PNCs were found in the Great Basin, the Southeast, and the Ohio Valley. To obtain a …

Analysis of buildup data from the Initial Flow Test indicates that the MG-T/DOE AMOCO Fee No. 1 Well penetrates a zone of relatively high permeability (approx. 162 md); this high permeability zone, however, extends to a radius of only about 200 ft from the well. The far field permeability (i.e., for r > 200 ft) appears to be rather low (approx. 11.9 md). (An alternate interpretation of the test data replaces the low permeability region beyond 200 ft with two intersecting faults with a graben angle of 30/sup 0/ located at about 200 to 250 ft from the well.) The reservoir simulator MUSHRM together with the formation parameters inferred from the buildup data were successfully employed to history match the observed drawdown pressure data from both the Initial Flow Test and the Reservoir Determination Test. It appears that no reservoir boundaries were encountered during either of the flow tests. the inability of the well to sustain high production rates during the Reservoir Determination Test is believed to be due to the poor formation permeability encountered in the sand interval selected (fifth sand in the Miogyp sequence penetrated by the well). In any future testing of the well, it would be …

Experimental data for neutron-induced reactions on /sup 165/Ho and /sup 169/Tm have been theoretically analyzed in preparation for calculations on the unstable isotopes of Tm. A set of deformed optical model parameters was determined from measurements of s- and p-wave neutron strength functions, total cross sections, elastic angular distributions, and 16-MeV proton scattering to the /sup 165/Ho ground and first excited states. The parameters for the /sup 165/Ho and /sup 169/Tm nuclei were linked by means of an isospin term in the real and imaginary well depths, together with adjustment of the ..beta../sub 2/ and ..beta../sub 4/ deformation parameters based on systematics in this mass region. Transmission coefficients from this analysis were used in Hauser-Feshbach statistical model calculations of the /sup 169/Tm(n,..gamma..) cross section as well as the /sup 169/Tm(n,2n) and (n,3n) cross sections to 23 MeV, after application of suitable preequilibrium corrections. The results of these calculations are in good agreement with most of the available experimental data on /sup 165/Ho and /sup 169/Tm.

The alleged Kyshtym disaster has been an intriguing intelligence puzzle for almost 25 years. Zhores Medvedev, a Soviet dissident, has written numerous journal articles as well as two books on the subject. He has argued that a vast contaminated area exists east of the city of Kyshtym in the southern Ural Mountains. Further, he has alleged that a nuclear waste disposal accident in 1957 to 1958 caused the contamination. The authors of this report are in partial disagreement with Medvedev's first allegation and in complete disagreement with his second. A contaminated area does exist east of Kyshtym, but Soviet carelessness coupled with general disregard for the citizenry and the environment are the prime causative factors, not a nuclear waste accident.

Several methods for the analysis of /sup 241/Am in environmental samples were evaluated and a preferred method was selected. This method was modified and used to determine the /sup 241/Am content in sediments, biota, and water. The advantages and limitations of the method are discussed. The method is also suitable for /sup 244/Cm analysis.