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Results of the Radiological Survey at Greg's Auto Emporium, 60 State Highway 46, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ089) (open access)

Results of the Radiological Survey at Greg's Auto Emporium, 60 State Highway 46, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ089)

Maywood Chemical Works (MCW) of Maywood, New Jersey, generated process wastes and residues associated with the production and refining of thorium and thorium compounds from monazite ores from 1916 to 1956. MCW supplied rare earth metals and thorium compounds to the Atomic Energy Commission and various other government agencies from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s. Area residents used the sandlike waste from this thorium extraction process mixed with tea and cocoa leaves as mulch in their yards. Some of these contaminated wastes were also eroded from the site into Lodi Brook. At the request of the US Department of Energy (DOE), a group from Oak Ridge National Laboratory conducts investigative radiological surveys of properties in the vicinity of MCW to determine whether a property is contaminated with radioactive residues, principally {sup 232}Th, derived from the MCW site. The survey typically includes direct measurement of gamma radiation levels and soil sampling for radionuclide analyses. The survey of this site, Greg's Auto Emporium, 60 State Highway 46, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ089), was conducted during 1988. 5 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs.
Date: November 1, 1989
Creator: Foley, R. D. & Floyd, L. M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Results of the Radiological Survey at 83 Belle Avenue, Maywood, New Jersey (MJ047) (open access)

Results of the Radiological Survey at 83 Belle Avenue, Maywood, New Jersey (MJ047)

Maywood Chemical Works (MCW) of Maywood, New Jersey, generated process wastes and residues associated with the production and refining of thorium and thorium compounds from monazite ores from 1916 to 1956. MCW supplied rare earth metals and thorium compounds to the Atomic Energy Commission and various other government agencies from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s. Area residents used the sandlike waste from this thorium extraction process mixed with tea and cocoa leaves as mulch in their yards. Some of these contaminated wastes were also eroded from the site into Lodi Brook. At the request of the US Department of Energy (DOE), a group from Oak Ridge National Laboratory conducts investigative radiological surveys of properties in the vicinity of MCW to determine whether a property is contaminated with radioactive residues, principally {sup 232}Th, derived from the MCW site. The survey typically includes direct measurement of gamma radiation levels and soil sampling for radionuclide analyses. The survey of this site, 83 Belle Avenue, Maywood, New Jersey (MJ047), was conducted during 1988. 5 refs., 2 figs., 3 tabs.
Date: November 1, 1989
Creator: Foley, R. D. & Floyd, L. M.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Results of the Radiological Survey at 133 Maywood Avenue, Maywood, New Jersey (MJ025) (open access)

Results of the Radiological Survey at 133 Maywood Avenue, Maywood, New Jersey (MJ025)

Maywood Chemical Works (MCW) of Maywood, New Jersey, generated process wastes and residues associated with the production and refining of thorium and thorium compounds from monazite ores from 1916 to 1956. MCW supplied rare earth metals and thorium compounds to the Atomic Energy Commission and various other government agencies from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s. Area residents used the sandlike waste from this thorium extraction process mixed with tea and cocoa leaves as mulch in their yards. Some of these contaminated wastes were also eroded from the site into Lodi Brook. At the request of the US Department of Energy (DOE), a group from Oak Ridge National Laboratory conducts investigative radiological surveys of properties in the vicinity of MCW to determine whether a property is contaminated with radioactive residues, principally {sup 232}Th, derived from the MCW site. The survey typically includes direct measurement of gamma radiation levels and soil sampling for radionuclide analyses. The survey of this site, 133 Maywood Avenue, Maywood, New Jersey (MJ025), was conducted during 1987. The survey results demonstrate that all radionuclide concentrations and measurements conform to DOE remedial action criteria. All values are at or below typical background values found in northern New Jersey. …
Date: October 1, 1989
Creator: Foley, R. D.; Carrier, R. F.; Floyd, L. M. & Crutcher, J.W. (Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA))
System: The UNT Digital Library
Results of the Radiological Survey at the Property at Main Street and Highway 46, Lodi, New Jersey (lLJ074) (open access)

Results of the Radiological Survey at the Property at Main Street and Highway 46, Lodi, New Jersey (lLJ074)

Maywood Chemical Works (MCW) of Maywood, New Jersey, generated process wastes and residues associated with the production and refining of thorium and thorium compounds from monazite ores from 1916 to 1956. MCW supplied rare earth metals and thorium compounds to the Atomic Energy Commission and various other government agencies from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s. Area residents used the sandlike waste from this thorium extraction process mixed with tea and cocoa leaves as mulch in their yards. Some of these contaminated wastes were also eroded from the site into Lodi Brook. At the request of the US Department of Energy (DOE), a group from Oak Ridge National Laboratory conducts investigative radiological surveys of properties in the vicinity of MCW to determine whether a property is contaminated with radioactive residues, principally {sup 232}Th, derived from the MCW site. The survey typically includes direct measurements of gamma radiation levels and soil sampling for radionuclide analyses. The survey of this site located at the intersection of Main Street and Highway 46, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ074), was conducted during 1987. While some radiological measurements taken at the vacant lot at the intersection of Main Street and Highway 46 were greater than background levels …
Date: September 1, 1989
Creator: Foley, R. D.; Carrier, R. F.; Floyd, L. M. & Crutcher, J. W.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Results of the Radiological Survey at 106 Columbia Lane, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ063) (open access)

Results of the Radiological Survey at 106 Columbia Lane, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ063)

Maywood Chemical Works (MCW) of Maywood, New Jersey, generated process wastes and residues associated with the production and refining of thorium and thorium compounds from monazite ores from 1916 to 1956. MCW supplied rare earth metals and thorium compounds to the Atomic Energy Commission and various other government agencies from the late 1940s to the mid-1950s. Area residents used the sandlike waste from this thorium extraction process mixed with tea and cocoa leaves as mulch in their yards. Some of these contaminated wastes were also eroded from the site into Lodi Brook. At the request of the US Department of Energy (DOE), a group from Oak Ridge National Laboratory conducts investigative radiological surveys of properties in the vicinity of MCW to determine whether a property is contaminated with radioactive residues, principally {sup 232}Th, derived from the MCW site. The survey typically includes direct measurement of gamma radiation levels and soil sampling for radionuclide analyses. The survey of this site, 106 Columbia Lane, Lodi, New Jersey (LJ063), was conducted during 1987. Results of the survey demonstrated radionuclide concentrations in excess of the DOE Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program criteria. The radionuclide distributions are typical of the type of material originating …
Date: July 1, 1989
Creator: Foley, R. D.; Floyd, L. M. & Crutcher, J. W.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electric Power Wheeling and Dealing: Technological Considerations for Increasing Competition (open access)

Electric Power Wheeling and Dealing: Technological Considerations for Increasing Competition

This assessment analyzes how the Nation’s power systems could accommodate various proposals for competition intended to make the electric power industry more responsive to market forces. Operation of an electric power system is extremely complex, and increased competition could have serious effects on costs and reliability if not implemented carefully. The assessment identifies the technical requirements that must be met to keep the system working well as the level of competition increases, and determines how competitive enterprises could meet these requirements.
Date: May 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Enhancing the Quality of U.S. Grain for International Trade (open access)

Enhancing the Quality of U.S. Grain for International Trade

Congress amended the Food Security Act of 1985 and directed the Office of Technology Assessment to conduct a comprehensive study of the technologies, institutions, and policies that affect U.S. grain quality and to prepare a comparative analysis of the grain quality systems of major export competitors of the United States. It focuses on the U.S. grain system and possible changes within that system to enhance grain quality.
Date: February 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Facing America's Trash: What Next for Municipal Solid Waste? (open access)

Facing America's Trash: What Next for Municipal Solid Waste?

This report discusses options for a national policy based on the dual strategies of MSW prevention and better management. It also presents options to address immediate problems such as increased interstate shipments of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) and unfinished Federal guidelines for landfills and incinerators.
Date: October 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Grain Quality in International Trade: A Comparison of Major U.S. Competitors (open access)

Grain Quality in International Trade: A Comparison of Major U.S. Competitors

This report is one of two that the Office of Technology Assessment completed in an assessment of the issues in grain quality for Congress. The first, Enhancing the Quality of U.S. Grain in International Trade, focuses on the U.S. grain system and possible changes within that system to enhance grain quality. To consider this issue fully, it is important to understand the grain systems of major competitors, a subject covered in this report.
Date: February 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Holding the Edge: Maintaining the Defense Technology Base (open access)

Holding the Edge: Maintaining the Defense Technology Base

This report examines the management of DoD technology base programs and laboratories. It also analyzes the process through which technology is introduced into defense systems, in order to understand why it takes so long and what might be done to speed the process up. Finally, this report examines the exploitation of civilian commercial sector technology for defense needs. It concentrates on the dual questions of expediting military access to civilian technology and keeping the necessary base of technology alive and well in the United States.
Date: April 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Linking for Learning: A New Course for Education (open access)

Linking for Learning: A New Course for Education

This report discusses the development of telecommunications technologies and the study of distance learning. OTA was asked to analyze various technological options, examine current development, and identify how Federal, State and local policies could encourage more efficient and effective use.
Date: November 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oil Production in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: The Technology and the Alaskan Oil Context (open access)

Oil Production in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge: The Technology and the Alaskan Oil Context

This report presents the results of an assessment of a subset of these issues focusing in particular on: the oilfield technology being used to develop the Alaskan North Slope’s oil resources and the likely configuration of that technology as it might be applied in the future to the coastal plain; and the prospects for future North Slope oil production, especially the likelihood that the flow of oil through the Trans Alaskan Pipeline System will suffer a serious decline during the next decade.
Date: February 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Partnerships Under Pressure: Managing Commercial Low-Level Radioactive Waste (open access)

Partnerships Under Pressure: Managing Commercial Low-Level Radioactive Waste

This report provides an overview of progress made by nine compacts and the remaining unaffiliated States in developing disposal facilities. Disposal costs have more than tripled while LLW volumes have dropped by more than half over the last decade. Since many costs associated with developing and operating a disposal facility are fixed, unit disposal costs will increase substantially as new facilities open. This may lead States to consider the economics of cooperative arrangements, which would permit them to trade waste services and construct fewer full-service disposal facilities.
Date: November 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
New Developments in Biotechnology: Patenting Life (open access)

New Developments in Biotechnology: Patenting Life

This report reviews U.S. patent law as it relates to the patentability of micro-organisms, cells, plants, and animals; as well as specific areas of concern, including deposit requirements and international considerations. The report includes a range of options for congressional action related to the patenting of animals, intellectual property protection for plants, and enablement of patents involving biological material.
Date: April 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Polar Prospects: A Minerals Treaty for Antarctica (open access)

Polar Prospects: A Minerals Treaty for Antarctica

This report identifies U.S. interests in Antarctica and evaluates the Minerals Convention relative to these interests. It examines the status of knowledge about the resources of Antarctica, the potential impacts of minerals development, and the technical, economic, environmental, geological, and political constraints to development in Antarctica.
Date: September 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Round Trip to Orbit: Human Spaceflight Alternatives (open access)

Round Trip to Orbit: Human Spaceflight Alternatives

This special report examines a wide range of potential improvements to the Space Shuttle, explores the future of space transportation for humans, and presents policy options for congressional consideration. It is one of a series of products from abroad assessment of space transportation technologies undertaken by OTA, requested by the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology.
Date: August 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Rural Emergency Medical Services: special report (open access)

Rural Emergency Medical Services: special report

This report finds that many State EMS systems are fragmented and lacking resources to remedy EMS problems in rural areas. Many rural EMS programs lack specialized EMS providers, have inadequate EMS transportation and communications equipment, and are not part of a planned regional EMS system. The report describes the availability and distribution of emergency medical service (EMS) resources (e.g., personnel, transportation, facilities) and examines how limited Federal resources can be used to improve rural EMS. In addition, the report discusses how Federal EMS resources might be targeted to States’ rural areas.
Date: November 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Technologies for Reducing Dioxin in the Manufacture of Bleached Wood Pulp (open access)

Technologies for Reducing Dioxin in the Manufacture of Bleached Wood Pulp

As analytical technology improves, we are discovering dioxins associated with many products commonly found in the home and workplace. This report provides an assessment of these technologies; it does not address the policy issues related to regulating dioxin in paper products and controlling environmental release.
Date: May 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Technology Transfer to the United States: The MIT-Japan Science and Technology Program (open access)

Technology Transfer to the United States: The MIT-Japan Science and Technology Program

On September 13, 1988, the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Japan Science and Technology Program (JSTP) held a one-day workshop to discuss MIT’s Japan Science and Technology Program’s internship program and its technical language workshop. This document gives a brief description the MIT-Japan Science and Technology of Program. It then reports the principal themes and issues raised at the workshop.
Date: April 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Use of Preventive Services by the Elderly (open access)

The Use of Preventive Services by the Elderly

This paper reviews both new and previously published data on the proportions of elderly currently receiving a variety of preventive health services; we examine factors associated with whether the elderly receive these services; and we analyze the likely implications for Medicare if preventive health services were offered as covered benefits.
Date: January 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Adolescent Health Insurance Status: Analyses of Trends in Coverage and Preliminary Estimates of the Effects of an Employer Mandate and Medicaid Expansion on the Uninsured (open access)

Adolescent Health Insurance Status: Analyses of Trends in Coverage and Preliminary Estimates of the Effects of an Employer Mandate and Medicaid Expansion on the Uninsured

This report examines the health insurance status of adolescents (10 to 18 years of age) based on census data. It considers the reasons that some adolescents are insured and others are not, changes in the number of uninsured adolescents over time, and the effects of various approaches to ensure that more adolescents have insurance.
Date: June 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessing Contractor Use in Superfund: a background paper of OTA's assessment on Superfund implementation (open access)

Assessing Contractor Use in Superfund: a background paper of OTA's assessment on Superfund implementation

This report addresses five key questions; to what extent is superfund dependent on contractors? Why depend on contracting to such a great extent? Is the extent of superfund’s dependence on contracting appropriate? Does the extent of superfund’s dependence on contracting reduce environmental effectiveness? Is superfund’s heavy dependence on contracting cost effective?
Date: January 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Catching Our Breath: Next Steps for Reducing Urban Ozone (open access)

Catching Our Breath: Next Steps for Reducing Urban Ozone

This report on urban ozone was requested by the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, the House Committee on Energy and Commerce, and its Subcommittee on Health and the Environment in anticipation of the upcoming reauthorization of the Clean Air Act. Of the air pollutants that the Act covers, ozone has been the most difficult to bring under control; it may well be the most expensive.
Date: July 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library
Coming Clean: Superfund Problems Can Be Solved... (open access)

Coming Clean: Superfund Problems Can Be Solved...

In this report, OTA concludes that there is ample reason to be optimistic about the potential of the Superfund program and presents a number of possible strategic initiatives and incremental program changes in some detail. As difficult as the national cleanup job is, there are many ways to build a better balance between health and environmental needs and the limitations that technology, experience, and economics will always impose.
Date: October 1989
Creator: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment.
System: The UNT Digital Library