Patent for a new and improved churn-power. This design "relates particularly to a vertical single-dasher reciprocating churn, and has for its object to provide a churn-power of the character that shall be simple and durable in construction, one that will give a maximum length of stroke, and one that will always keep the dasher elevated when not in operation" (lines 7-14).

Patent for "a very simple and economically-constructed alarm mechanically connected with windows and doors of a house or a room and adapted to be sounded by a raising or opening of the same, and at the same time to strike a light or illuminate the surroundings (lines 10-15).

Patent for a new and improved wagon-step. This design "permit[s] a driver to mount or dismount without necessitating his [or her] dropping the reins, and which when not in use can be folded up out of the way of the wheels" (lines 14-17). It consists in "the rod provided at its upper end with a handle and journaled in suitable bearings and extending diagonally along the side of the body, and the step-brackets arranged at intervals along the rod and consisting of the stems rigidly secured to the rod and the steps formed integral with the stems and extending out horizontally therefrom" (lines 64-71).

Patent for a new and improved hay-press. This design "consists in a horizontal frame having at its open end a pivoted and weighted abutment, a plunger adapted to reciprocate in the frame, a toggle-lever connecting the plunger with the closed end of the frame, and means for actuating the toggle-lever" (lines 14-20).