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Enhanced adhesion for LIGA microfabrication by using a buffer layer
The present invention is an improvement on the LIGA microfabrication process wherein a buffer layer is applied to the upper or working surface of a substrate prior to the placement of a resist onto the surface of the substrate. The buffer layer is made from an inert low-Z material (low atomic weight), a material that absorbs secondary X-rays emissions from the substrate that are generated from the substrate upon exposure to a primary X-rays source. Suitable materials for the buffer layer include polyamides and polyimide. The preferred polyimide is synthesized from pyromellitic anhydride and oxydianiline (PMDA-ODA).
Date:
May 22, 1998
Creator:
Bajikar, Sateesh S.; DeCarlo, Francesco & Song, Joshua J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Rail-Joint.
Patent for a modification of a conventional rail joint, adding a solid abutment that allows for the use of conventional splice bars that "does not involve any appreciable increase in cost over the conventional rail joint" (lines 29-30). Includes Illustration.
Date:
May 22, 1917
Creator:
Baker, William E.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Attachment for Vehicle Running - Gear
Patent for
Date:
May 22, 1900
Creator:
Bassett, Lawrence Lee
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Windmill.
Patent for "a new windmill design to improve the construction of windmills and to provide a simple, durable, and efficient one" (lines 11-12)
Date:
May 22, 1900
Creator:
Benson, Arthur Edgar
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Fan Attachment for Umbrellas or Parasols.
Patent for a fan attachment for umbrellas or parasols, including illustrations.
Date:
May 22, 1900
Creator:
Beseler, Otto
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Wrench.
Patent for a wrench that allows adjustment to two locked positions with a slot and stud mechanism.
Date:
May 22, 1917
Creator:
Bledsoe, Yancy M.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Non-Refillable Bottle.
Patent for a non-refillable bottle. The invention "relates to bottles in general, and more particularly to that class known as "non-refillable" bottles, and has for its object to provide a cheap and simple device of this nature that when once emptied cannot be refilled either by floating, by exhausting the air therefrom, or by pouring thereinto" (lines 11-17). Includes specifications and illustrations.
Date:
May 22, 1900
Creator:
Bogue, Robert J.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Baling Press.
Patent for several improvements in baling presses for making cylindrical bales, the machine being able to be set up in both the horizontal and upright positions.
Date:
May 22, 1900
Creator:
Byars, Edgar
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Combination-Tool
Patent for a combination-tool which includes a putty-knife and hammer and claw. The idea is that when one tool is in use, the other portion can be closed away.
Date:
May 22, 1906
Creator:
Carlton, Thomas R.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Belt-Stretcher
Patent for an improvement in belt stretchers that are cheaper to make and easier to operate.
Date:
May 22, 1920
Creator:
Cherry, Warren L.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
CONVERTIBLE CAR.
Patent for improved convertible cars pertaining to railroad rolling-stock, that can be converted from freight-car into a box-car or cattle-car. This invention is tighter in corners when serving as a box-car, to prevent leakage of transports.
Date:
May 22, 1906
Creator:
Cothern, John K.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Gymnastic Apparatus
Patent for "improvement in aerial revolving ladders for gymnastic purposes for use in theaters, circus-tents, etc." (lines 13-15) including instructions and illustrations.
Date:
May 22, 1900
Creator:
Delmore, George E.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Improvement in Car-Couplings
Patent for car coupling device that attaches cars automatically when moved together while also detaching if one or more cars come off the tracks.
Date:
May 22, 1877
Creator:
Dobbs, Charles & Robinson, Samuel L.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Chain Release for Logging Cars.
Patent for new and useful improvements for a chain release for logging cars, including illustrations.
Date:
May 22, 1917
Creator:
Dodd, John
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Metallic Roof.
Patent for new and useful improvements to the design of portable metallic roofs, including illustrations.
Date:
May 22, 1917
Creator:
Draper, David F.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Improvement in Revolving Conical Mold-Boards
Patent for improvements and new design for a Revolving Conical Mold-Board Plow.
Date:
May 22, 1877
Creator:
Dryer, Charles Valentine
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Combined Harrow, Seed-Planter, and Cultivator
Patent for a combined harrow, seed-planter, and cultivator to increase the speed of planting and cultivating plants, including illustrations and instructions.
Date:
May 22, 1883
Creator:
Ellis, Robert Fuller
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Combined Revolving Harrow and Cultivator
Patent for a Combined Revolving Harrow and Cultivator that is used to cultivate cotton, corn and nature like plants.
Date:
May 22, 1888
Creator:
Evans,Lucius Sandiford
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Improvement in Vehicle-Springs
Patent for a newly designed vehicle spring that attached to the axle and features an auxiliary spring.
Date:
May 22, 1877
Creator:
Faber, Fredrick W.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Cabinet
Patent for a cabinet which acts as a receptacle for money. Dollars and coins may be sorted using the tray mounted within the cabinet.
Date:
May 22, 1906
Creator:
Ferris, Thomas A.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Catalytic-cartridge SO/sub 3/ decomposer
A catalytic cartridge internally heated is utilized as a SO/sub 3/ decomposer for thermochemical hydrogen production. The cartridge has two embodiments, a cross-flow cartridge and an axial flow cartridge. In the cross-flow cartridge, SO/sub 3/ gas is flowed through a chamber and incident normally to a catalyst coated tube extending through the chamber, the catalyst coated tube being internally heated. In the axial-flow cartridge, SO/sub 3/ gas is flowed through the annular space between concentric inner and outer cylindrical walls, the inner cylindrical wall being coated by a catalyst and being internally heated. The modular cartridge decomposer provides high thermal efficiency, high conversion efficiency, and increased safety.
Date:
May 22, 1981
Creator:
Galloway, Terry R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Telephone System.
Patent for telephone system, which allows for locking the receiver hooks at all substations between two connected stations. It also allows for lines to be subdivided for the purpose of using more than one message at the same time.
Date:
May 22, 1906
Creator:
Gorden, James H.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Ice-Machine
Patent for an icebox that can be combined with a refrigerator. The icebox will spray the ammonia compressor coil with water, as well as inducing a forced circulation of water in the icebox's freezing tank.
Date:
May 22, 1920
Creator:
Grant, Willburn C.
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Automatic Feed for Saw-Setting Mechanism.
Patent for improvements to Automatic Feed for Saw-Setting Mechanism, "particularly adapted to advance the saw into alinement with a setting-punch by reciprocatory movement of a part of the mechanism" (lines 11-14), including illustrations.
Date:
May 22, 1900
Creator:
Haltom, Samuel & Nadel, Abraham G.
System:
The Portal to Texas History