The iodine species formed either by adding hypochlorite to a basic iodide solution or by adding triiodide to sodium hydroxide, was identified as hypoiodite ion. The absorption spectrum of IO{sup -} was investigated in the wavelength range from 450 m{micro} to 280 m{micro}. The kinetics of the reaction I{sup -} + ClO{sup -} = IO{sup -} + Cl{sup -} was studied spectrophotometrically in alkaline solution. The forward rate law was found to be d(IO{sup -})/dt = k(I{sup -})(ClO{sup -})/OH{sup -}. At 25 C and an ionic strength of 1.00 M, k is 61 {+-} 3 sec{sup -1}. It was found spectrophotometrically that for certain ratios of the initial iodide to hydroxide concentrations, there was evidence of the presence of I{sub 3}{sup -}, I{sub 2}OH{sup -}, and I{sub 2}O{sup 2-} along with IO{sup -}. The equilibrium constants between IO{sup -} and these three species were evaluated by a graphical method. The formal potential of the cell: Pt:H{sub 2}:1 M NaOH : 1M NaOH, KI, NaIO : Au was found to be 1.297 v at 25 C. The equilibrium constant, K{sub 2} = (I{sub 3}{sup -})(OH{sup -}){sup 2}/(IO{sup -})(I{sup -}){sup 2}, of the reaction IO{sup -} + 2I{sup -} + H{sub 2}O …

Correlations based upon empirical modified equations derived from kinetic theory were developed for the thermal conductivity and viscosity of gas mixtures. The conductivity equation was compared to 226 binary mixture conductivities in temperatures from 0 to 774 deg C from the literature and this work. The average deviation is 2.1%. In correlating conductivity data of mixtures of polyatomic molecules, the energy transport is considered in two parts, i.e., one protion transferred by collision and the other by diffusion. The proposed viscosity equation reproduces 103 binary data points with an average deviation of 1.3%. These equations are more consistent with experiment than existing correlations in the literature. the relation of the conductivity or viscosity to composition and temperature are discussed in the light of the proposed equations. It has been demonstrated that, at a given composition, the ratio of the measured conductivity to that calculated on the molar average basis for mixtures of most simple molecules and the ratio of the measured viscosity to that calculated on the molar average basis for mixtures of most gases should be nearly constant over a temperature range of 200 to 300 deg C. The thermal conductivity of ten gases and selected binary and ternary …

The results of a radiochemical study of fission and spallation products induced in U/sup 234/, U/sup 235/, and U/sup 236 and spallation products induced in U/sup 238/ by deuterons of less than 24 Mev are presented. The (d,n) reactions are interpreted as the result of direct interactions between the deuteron and the target nuclei, while the (d,n) reactions are thought to be taking place primarily by compound-nucleus mechanisms. A method for predicting the peak values of the cross section for (d,xn) and ( alpha ,xn) reactions on uranium and plutonium isotopes is given for x = 2, 3, or 4. The peak-to-valley ratios of the fission-yield curves for U/sup 234, U/sup 235/, U/sup 236/, and U/ sup 238/ bombarded with deuterons of energies of about 23 Mev were studied, and no significant differences were found. Excitation functions for the (d, gamma ) reactions of U/sup 234/, U/sup 236/, and U/sup 238/ rise to a maximum of about a millibarn at a bombarding energy between 15 and 20 Mev. The results of these measurements are seen to be consistent with the excitation functions for (p, gamma ) and ( alpha , gamma ) reactions. The 60minute neptunium activity which had previously …

Variations in the photofission cross section near ''threshold'' with initial kind of nucleus were investigated for seven spheroidal nuclei in the region of atomic numbers 90, 92, 93. The photofission cross sections at the two discrete energies 6.14 and 7.0 Mev were determined for the following even-even nuclide . Th/sup 232/, U/sup 234/, U/;sup 236/, and U/sup 238/; and also the odd- A nuclides. U/sup 233/, U/sup 235/ and Np/sup 237/. Nuclear excitation of the target nuclei was achieved via gamma rays from nuclear capture of protons on fluorine. Protons of 1.380- and 3.645-Mev energy impinged on a thick CaF/sub 2/ target. The highenergy quanta of 5.14, 6.91, and 7.12 Mev so obtained represent the well-known ground state transitions in O/sup 16/, whose relative intensities change with bombarding energy of the proton. The fission counting was done in a double-region ionization chamber of 2 pi geometry. The heavy-element samples were nearly uniform oxide deposits of about one mg/cm/sup 2/, on platinum. Employing the known thick target relative gamma-ray intensity ratio, I(6.91 + 7.12)/I(6.14), plus the measured gamma flux and fission counting yield at each of the two above proton energies, the ( gamma , fission) cross sections at 6.14 snd …

A comparative study was made of the growth of yeast in various media at the optimum temperature (30 ) and at supraoptimum temperatures. It was found that at elevated temperatures there is a decrease in the ability of yeast to grow, which may be alleviated by increasing the percentage of yeast extract in the medium, adding oleic acid to the medium, or using an inoculum of cells that have previously been grown at the elevated temperature. Because of these findings, it is believed that growth at elevated temperatures results in an increased nutrient requirement which may be eliminated by induced adaptation. When yeasts were grown at elevated temperatures or exposed for a short time to lethal temperatures it was found that there was a great increase in the fraction of respiratory-deficient mutants (petites). It was shown that the increase of mutants did not arise because of selection, but that the elevated temperatures actually induced the mutation. From the results of various genetic analyses it is shown that these respiratorydeficient mutants are very similar, if not identical. to vegetative petites occurring spontaneously or induced by acriflavine. The kinetics of this mutation is discussed, with possible theoretical interpretations. (auth)

Purified, degassed samples of cis- and trans-1,2dichloroethylene were irradiated in glass cells with 48Mev helium ions at energy inputs up to 10/sup 21/ ev/cc. The principal volatile radiolysis products are acetylene, hydrogen chloride, chloroacetylene, vinyl chloride, hydrogen, and dichloroacetylene, in order of decreasing yield. The use of a mass spectrometer in conjunction with gas chromatography made possible the identification of several higher-boiling, or ''polymer,'' products as tetrachloroethane, tetrachlorobutene, and pentachlorobutene isomers. However, about half of the higher-boiling material proved to have too low a vapor pressure (b.p.> 300 deg ) at the highest praticable column temperature for these techniques to yield any clues to its nature. Hence these products were characterized only by yield, average molecular weight, and average composition. The effect on product yields of the variation of certain kinetic parameters --total dose, density of initial excitation, and temperature --was determined in survey experiments. These included irradiation with helium ions at 80 deg and at room temperature, irradiation with electrons of differing energy distribution provided by a microwave linear accelerator and by a Van de Graaff machine and irradiation with Co/sup 60/ gamma rays. There are no significant differences in the radiolytic behavior of the cis- and trans- isomers …

BS>An investigation of the infrared and near-ultraviolet spectra of three aliphatic aldchydes and their monodeutero derivatives is described. The infrared spectra of the acetaldehydes (CH/sub 3/CHO and CH/sub 3/CDO) were in agreement with work reported recently. A few new bands are reported and discussed. The infrared spectra of C/sub 2/H/sub 5/CHO, C/sub 2/H/sub 5/CDO, C/ sub 3/H/sub 7/CHO, and C/sub 3/H/sub 7/CDO at 450 to 4000 cm/sup -1/ were observed, and an assignment of the observed bands was made. The weak absorption of the aliphatic aldehydes which extends from lambda 3500 A to lambda 2300 A was investigated. The strength of the absorption (f-value) is decreased by deuterium substitution at the aldehyde CHO group. The decrease in the f-value can be accounted for by the theory of vibrationally induced electronic transitions. The effect of isotopic substitution on the intensity of symmetry- allowed as well as synnmetryforbidden (vibrationally allowed) electronic transitions in polyatomic molecules is discussed. (auth)

ABS>An accurate measurement of the differential cross section for the photoproduction of positive pions was made at the Berkeley synchrotron, for photon energies of 280 and 290 Mev. The mesons were produced in a thin-walled liquid hydrogen target, and the meson detection apparatus utilized the characteristic pi -- mu decay of the meson. The measurements were done in two steps, from 0 to 50 deg with equipment specifically designed to reduce a very high positron background, and from 30 to 160 deg with equipment whose efficiency and solid angle could be accurately determined. The experimental results in the small-angle region definitely show the effects of ''photoelectric'' production of pions from the cloud surrounding the nucleon, which are characterized by an abrupt flattening of the cross section in the region forward of 40 deg (c. m.). The results are compared to the theory of photoproduction derived from the dispersion relations, and the sgreement is satisfactory within the limitations of the theory. (auth)

Outside heat transfer coefficients for several horizontal tubes cooling an ordinary fluid containing a volume heat source by free convection were obtained experimentally. Water was used as the coolant, and a very dilute solution of HC1 was the bulk fluid. The basic equipment included a Lucite test cell which contained the bulk fluid, Cu screen grids through which an alternating current was passed to generate a volume heat source in the bulk and several horizontal 1/4 in. O.D. stainless steel tubes through which the coolant was pumped. Experiments were conducted using a single-tube, four-tube, and five-tube geometry. The heat transfer coefficients obtained were considered accurate within 8%. With single-tube cooling, the heat transfer coefficients were correlated by Nu = 0.49 (Gr Pr)/sup 1/4/. With four cooling tubes, the data were correlated by Nu = 0.59 (Gr Pr)/sup 1/4/, while with five cooling tubes the value of the coefficients in the correlation equation was Nu = 0.64 (Gr Pr)/sup 1/4/. (auth)

Angular distributions of the heavy recoils produced in the ( alpha ,2n), ( alpha ,3n), ( alpha ,4n), ( alpha ,t), (d,n), (d,2n), (d,3n), and (d,p) reactions of Bi/sup 209/ have been measured at various incident-particle energies. The mechanisms of the ( alpha ,2n), ( alpha ,3n), and (d,3n) reactions have been inierpreted by comparison of these angular distributions with theoretical angular distributions resulting from Monte Carlo calculations based on a simple evaporation model. Further information concerning the reaction mechanisms of the ( alpha ,2n), ( alpha ,3n), and ( alpha ,4n) reactions is derived from the results of experimental recoil range measurements. Probable mechsnisms are suggested for several of the other reactions. (auth)

An experimental investigation was conducted on the flow of air-water mixtures in a number of horizontal rectangular Lucite test sections, whose aspect ratios varied from two to sixteen. These test sections were assembled in various combinations to permit the study of the effect of a sudden change in flow area on the significant flow parameters. A technique was developed for measuring the volume fraction of each phase, making use of the difference of the attenuation characteristics of the liquid and the vapor for gamma radiation. This technique was evaluated making use of a number of Lucite mockups with known void distributions. Information is presented on the factors influencing the volume fractions, flow patterns, and slip ratios in the channels studied. The two-phase pressure drop is compared with existing correlations, and a relationship predicting this pressure drop, in terms of the liquid volume fraction, is derived. The energy losses associated with an abrupt expansion or contraction were studied. A correlation based on the experimental results is presented to permit the prediction of these losses. (auth)

The He/sup 3/(n,p)T reaction can be utilized in a proportional counter for neutron-energy determination in the region 100 kev to 1 Mev. This has already been demonstrated and the reaction cross section in this energy region has been measured with a counter. For practical application of the counter as a spectrometer, such as in health physics work, it is desirable to increase the counter efficiency. A proportional counter utilizing an anticoincidence ring to reduce wall effect has been constructed for this purpose. Some preliminary tests of the proposed system are described. (auth)

in which the nuclear interactions of the incoming and outgoing particles are considered. Two different formal expressions that give the transition amplitude are derived, and the wave functions in this amplitude are approximated by an optical-model procedure in which it is assumed that the initial- and final- state particles scatter elastically in the nucleus. The inelasticscattering effects are shown to be small. Several closed forms for these optical-model wave functions are derived on the hsis of a WKB approximation for a complex square- well scattering potential. The use of these wave functions, along with an approximation that gives the form of the transition amplitude in terms of Gaussian functions, allows a closed-form solution for the differential cross section. lt is found tht the elastic scattering processes are not negligible, since they affect considerably the magnitude and the shape of the differential cross section. By comparing the theory with recent pickup experiments on C/sup 12/ at 95 and 145 Mev, one obtains a nuclear-momentum distribution that, unlike the Born approximation analysis, is in good agreement with the results of other determinations of momentum distributions. It is found tht a neutron number of from 4 to 7 neutrons and a momentum distribution …

This is a Thesis report on Chemistry of +1 Iodine in Alkaline Solution.

A stable carbon arc operated in controlled atmosphere is described. The arc was designed to serve as a light source during lifetime studies of the B/sup 2/ SIGMA state of the CN molecule. The CN radiation from the plasma of the arc was investigated and found to have a brightness temperature of 5500 icient laborato K at lambda 3883 A. This is considerably higher than an estimate of the value required for lifetime measurements. The stability of the carbon arc under various conditions is discussed. For successful lifetime measurements, the light source employed must have a high brightness temperature (intensity). A method for the determination of the brightness temperature of a light source at a specific wave length is described. The method was used for determining the brightness temperatures of some available light sources. Sodium, thallium, and mercury discharge lamps, a medium-pressure mercury arc lamp, and the carbon arc were studied. (auth)

The beta decay of the radioactive members of the mass-eight and -twelve triads has been studied with a spiral-orbit spectrometer having a 1.3% resolution. The end point, half-life and log-ft values respectively are: for N{sup 12}, 16.37 {+-} 0.06 MeV, 11.43 {+-} 0.05 milliseconds, and 4.17; for B{sup 12}, 13.40 {+-} 0.05 MeV, 20.6 {+-} 0.2 msec and 4.11; for B{sup 8}, 14 MeV (broad), 0.75 {+-} 0.02 sec, and 5.72; and for Li{sup 8}, 13 Mev (broad), 0.87 {+-} 0.01 sec, and 5.67. The mass excesses in millimass units are: for N{sup 12}, 22.48 {+-} 0.06; for B{sup 12}, 18.19 {+-} 0.06; for B{sup 8}, 27.08 {+-} 0.13; and for Li{sup 8}, 24.97 {+-} 0.09. The shapes of the Kurie function for the mirror pairs indicate positron and electron transitions to the same levels of the daughter nuclide, with greater percentages in the positron branches relative to the ground-state transitions because of the higher energy available. The Li{sup 8} and B{sup 8} shapes are consistent with the shape of the alpha spectrum following the decay of the Be{sup 8} daughter. Less than 1% of the Li{sup 8} transition and less than 5% of the B{sup 8} transition go to …

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