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25,445 Matching Results
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Operating experience and cesium recycling on the LASL polarized triton source
The polarized triton source has had over 3000 hours of operation. Experience gained with Lamb-shift operation that are not unique to tritium handling are discussed. (GHT)
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Hardekopf, R.A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Particle identification in ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions
The role of particle identification (PID) in both fixed-target and colliding-beam studies of ultrarelativistic nuclear (URN) collisions is examined. The demands placed on the PID systems by peculiarities of URN collisions, such as large multiplicities and the need for simultaneous measurement of a number of observables, are discussed. A variety of PID techniques are reviewed, with emphasis on their applicability and efficiency in the environment of such collisions. Two examples of PID as incorporated into existing fixed-target nuclear-beam experiments are presented. 18 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
April 1, 1986
Creator:
DiGiacomo, N.J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Prospects for physics at e/sup +/e/sup -/ linear colliders
The present thinking on high-energy e/sup /plus//e/sup /minus// linear colliders is reviewed, stressing those points that have consequences for detector design and physics analyses. Detector requirements are discussed. Experimental aspects of the physics that can be done at these colliders are discussed: first the general physics environment, then a standard process, W/sup /plus// W/sup /minus// detection, and finally four examples of the discovery potential of these colliders /emdash/ heavy quarks, heavy leptons, standard Higgs bosons, and charged Higgs bosons. The conclusions of this study will be stated. 23 refs., 40 figs.
Date:
March 1, 1988
Creator:
Feldman, G. J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Rigid muffin-tin approximation for the electron-phonon interaction in transition metals
Progress in calculating the electron-phonon parameters of transition metals has been based on either the rigid muffin-tin approximation (RMTA) or the fitted modified tight-binding approximation (FMTBA). The RMTA has been shown to be remarkably accurate for average electron-phonon properties, but there are indications that RMTA matrix elements may be too small at low momentum transfer. An attempt is made to demonstrate these assertions concerning the accuracy of RMTA and the numerous electron-phonon calculations are placed in a broader perspective by a demonstration of how they can be used to explain the trends in the strength of the electron-phonon coupling among the transition metals and the A-15 compounds. (GHT)
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Butler, W. H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear safety guide TID-7016 Revision 2
The present revision of TID-7016 Nuclear Safety Guide is discussed. This Guide differs significantly from its predecessor in that the latter was intentionally conservative in its recommendations. Firmly based on experimental evidence of criticality, the original Guide and the first revision were considered to be of most value to organizations whose activities with fissionable materials were not extensive and, secondarily, that it would serve as a point of departure for members of established nuclear safety teams, experienced in the field. The reader will find a significant change in the character of information presented in this version. Nuclear Criticality Safety has matured in the past twelve years. The advance of calculational capability has permitted validated calculations to extend and substitute for experimental data. The broadened data base has enabled better interpolation, extension, and understanding of available, information, especially in areas previously addressed by undefined but adequate factors of safety. The content has been thereby enriched in qualitative guidance. The information inherently contains, and the user can recapture, the quantitative guidance characteristic of the former Guides by employing appropriate safety factors. In fact, it becomes incumbent on the Criticality Safety Specialist to necessarily impose safety factors consistent with the possible normal and …
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Thomas, J T
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Assessment of light water reactor fuel damage during a reactivity initiated accident
This paper presents an assessment of LWR fuel damage during a reactivity initiated accident and comments on the adequacy of the present USNRC design requirements. Results from early SPERT tests are reviewed and compared with results from recent computer simulations and PBF tests. A progression of fuel rod and cladding damage events is presented. High strain rate deformation of relatively cool irradiated cladding early in the transient may result in fracture at a radial average peak fuel enthalpy of approximately 140 cal/g UO/sub 2/. Volume expansion of previously irradiated fuel upon melting may cause deformation and rupture of the cladding, and coolant channel blockage at higher peak enthalpies.
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
MacDonald, P. E.; Seiffert, S. L.; Martinson, Z. R.; McCardell, R. K.; Owen, D. E. & Fukuda, S. K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recovery of deformed and hydrogen-charge palladium
Positron lifetime and Doppler-broadening studies made at 300 K have been used to investigate the interaction between interstitial hydrogen and lattice defects in deformed Pd. Specimens were charged with hydrogen at 300 K to levels up to 0.1%. The presence of hydrogen was found to have no effect on the recovery curves of Pd upon annealing to 400/sup 0/C. By 400/sup 0/C the values for both lifetime and Doppler-broadening for both cold worked and cold worked plus hydrogen were below the values obtained for annealed pure Pd. This can be interpreted as gaseous-impurity-trapped vacancies being present after the 1200/sup 0/C anneal, but being swept away by the dislocation microstructure recovery between 200 to 400/sup 0/C.
Date:
January 1, 1982
Creator:
Snead, C. L. Jr.; Lynn, K. G. & Lynch, J. F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
INSPECT: a package of computer programs for planning and evaluating safeguards inspections
As part of the US Program of Technical Assistance to IAEA Safeguards, PNL has developed a package of computer programs, called INSPECT, that can be used in planning and evaluating safeguards inspections of various types of nuclear facilities. The programs are based on the statistical methods described in Part F of the IAEA Safeguards Technical Manual and can be used to calculate the variance components of the MUF (Material Unaccounted For) statistic, the variance components of the D (difference) statistic, attribute and variables sampling plans, and a measure of the effectiveness of the inspection plan. The paper describes the programs, reviews a number of applications, and indicates areas for future work.
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Mullen, M.F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Bag model, the hyperspherical formalism and the heavy baryons
The bag model framework is used to discuss the heavy baryons, triple flavored objects like ccc, cbb, etc. A nonrelativistic picture seems justified. It is insisted that the long-range interaction consist of a genuine three-body force. Once the potential energy of the three quarks is determined, the three-body Schroedinger equation is solved by the method of hyperspherical expansion. 1 table. (RWR)
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Richard, J. M.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Excitation of giant resonances via direct reactions
Experimental measurements of electric giant multipole resonances are discussed. The parameters of the giant quadrupole resonance are now firmly established by an extensive set of measurements. The GQR is providing a significant influence in other areas of nuclear physics. The monopole resonance has now been established and its observation has provided the first direct measure of the nuclear compressibility. A strong case for the existence of a giant octupole resonance is now being made through a variety of hadron reactions. However, the supply of giant multipole resonances has not been exhausted. The newer techniques such as higher energy proton scattering, charge exchange reactions, heavy-ion scattering and pion reactions offer considerable hope for identifying new resonances during the next few years.
Date:
January 1, 1982
Creator:
Bertrand, F.E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Picotron 100 streak tubes as a 150-channel photometer
The characterization of a streak camera based upon Picotron 100 tube types is given. Both a large (30 cm 1 x 10 cm dia.) and a small (18 cm 1 x 5 cm dia.) version of this design has been tested. Over 150 channels of information are simultaneously time resolved with system S.N.R. of 3 at 100 picosecond time resolution without post intensification. Absolute photometric evaluation is given in the dynamic mode, i.e. while operating in the picosecond time domain. Such quantitative data has been lacking in the past, particularly for multiple channel applications.
Date:
January 1, 1982
Creator:
Majumdar, S.; Weiss, P.B. & Black, J.P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Recent experimental results on the beam-beam effects in storage rings and an attempt of their interpretation
The latest available experimental results on the luminosity, the space charge parameters, and the beam blowup as functions of particle energy and beam current are reviewed. The comparison with the phenomenological diffusion theory is done and useful scaling laws are derived. Some implications for anti p p storage rings are discussed.
Date:
June 1, 1980
Creator:
Kheifets, S.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Impulsive ion acceleration in earth's outer magnetosphere
Considerable observational evidence is found that ions are accelerated to high energies in the outer magnetosphere during geomagnetic disturbances. The acceleration often appears to be quite impulsive causing temporally brief (10's of seconds), very intense bursts of ions in the distant plasma sheet as well as in the near-tail region. These ion bursts extend in energy from 10's of keV to over 1 MeV and are closely associated with substorm expansive phase onsets. Although the very energetic ions are not of dominant importance for magnetotail plasma dynamics, they serve as an important tracer population. Their absolute intensity and brief temporal appearance bespeaks a strong and rapid acceleration process in the near-tail, very probably involving large induced electric fields substantially greater than those associated with cross-tail potential drops. Subsequent to their impulsive acceleration, these ions are injected into the outer trapping regions forming ion ''drift echo'' events, as well as streaming tailward away from their acceleration site in the near-earth plasma sheet. Most auroral ion acceleration processes occur (or are greatly enhanced) during the time that these global magnetospheric events are occurring in the magnetotail. A qualitative model relating energetic ion populations to near-tail magnetic reconnection at substorm onset followed by …
Date:
January 1, 1985
Creator:
Baker, D.N. & Belian, R.D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Proceedings of the LAMPF workshop on physics with polarized nuclear targets
Topics of discussion included static and dynamic methods for polarizing nuclei, proton and pion nucleus scattering experiments, and possible future experiments at LAMPF. Separate abstracts were prepared for 11 papers in this report. (DWL)
Date:
August 1, 1986
Creator:
Burleson, G.; Gibbs, W.; Hoffmann, G.; Jarmer, J. J. & Tanaka, N. (eds.)
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Relativistic effects in the atomic and nuclear few-body problems
Relativistic effects in the atomic and nuclear few-body systems are classified and discussed with the emphasis on electromagnetic transitions. The size of relativistic corrections, calculational techniques and ambiguities, and comparison of theory and experiment are considered. 8 figures.
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Friar, J.L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
De-entrainment on vertical elements in air droplet cross flow. [PWR]
De-entrainment phenomena on vertical elements in air-water droplet cross flow are generated using a horizontal array of water spray nozzles and a draft-induced wind tunnel. These conditions are used to obtain experimental values of the de-entrainment efficiency of isolated elements (25.4-, 63.5-, and 101.6-mm-diam cylinders and a 76.2-mm-square tube), and of an array of 101.6-mm-diam cylinders. A flow model is developed that extrapolates the de-entrainment efficiency of isolated elements through the use of a correlation for the interference effect to predict the efficiency of large arrays of similar elements. This simple model is shown to provide a good prediction of the de-entrainment efficiency of arrays in terms of the efficiency of an isolated element.
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Dallman, J.C. & Kirchner, W.L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fifth high-energy heavy-ion study
This was the fifth of a continuing series of summer studies held at LBL to discuss high energy heavy ion collisions. Recently, a similar meeting has been held on alternate years at GSI (Darmstadt); and, in 1979, we held a meeting at LBL exclusively devoted to ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions. Two new features distinguish this study from earlier meetings in the series. First, the energy range for discussion was broadened by including collisions from about 20 MeV/nucleon to the highest available in the cosmic radiation. The lower range, particularly below 100 MeV/nucleon, will be under intense study in the near future with machines such as the upgraded Bevalac, Michigan State University Superconducting Cyclotron, GANIL in France, and the SC at CERN. Recently, the high energy collision regime has been expanded by the successful operation of the CERN ISR with alpha particles. Second, in addition to an extensive program of invited talks, we decided for the first time to actively solicit contributions. Forty-seven individual items from the conference were prepared separately for the data base. (GHT)
Date:
October 1, 1981
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Laser-plasma interaction experiments at laser wavelengths of 1. 064. mu. m, 0. 532. mu. m, and 0. 355. mu. m
The effect of laser wavelength on laser-plasma coupling is one of the critical issues facing the laser driven inertial confinement community. The advantages of using lasers with output wavelength less than 1 ..mu..m, such as enhanced absorption and hydrodynamic efficiency, reduction in parametric instabilities and corresponding suprathermal electron generation, have long been predicted theoretically.
Date:
January 1, 1982
Creator:
Campbell, E. M.; Mead, W. C. & Turner, R. E.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Stark broadening of isolated lines from high-Z emitters in dense plasmas
The joint distribution of the electric microfield and its longitudinal derivative is required for the calculation of line profiles for the He-like ions in very dense plasmas. We used a molecular dynamics code to compute exact distributions in single- and multi-component plasmas, and then we investigated various analytical approximations to these results. We found that a simplified, two-nearest-neighbor scheme leads to surprisingly accurate distribution functions. Our results are illustrated by sample profiles for Ne/sup +8/ and Ar/sup +16/ resonance lines.
Date:
September 1, 1980
Creator:
Weisheit, J.C. & Pollock, E.L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Growth regulation by macrophages
The evidence reviewed here indicates that macrophages, either acting alone or in concert with other cells, influence the proliferation of multiple types of cells. Most of the data indicate that these effects are mediated by soluble macrophage-elaborated products (probably proteins) although the role of direct cell-to-cell contacts cannot be ruled out in all cases. A degree of success has been achieved on the biochemical characterization of these factors, due mainly to their low specific activity in conditioned medium and the lack of rapid, specific assays. Understanding the growth-regulating potential of macrophages is an important and needed area of research.
Date:
January 1, 1982
Creator:
Wharton, W.; Walker, E. & Stewart, C.C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Diskless LSI-11 systems
Programs for dedicated LSI-11 based systems can easily be stored in ROM instead of floppy disks, yet execute the same as disk-stored programs. Two sample systems are described.
Date:
January 1, 1982
Creator:
Ford, W. & Shirk, D. G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Severe accident core heatup transients in modular high temperature gas-cooled reactors without operating Reactor Cavity Cooling Systems
The ultimate decay heat removal system for the current Modular High Temperature Gas-Cooled reactors is a completely passive natural convection air cooling loop. This paper considers an extremely remote accident scenario, where even this passive system fails, and heat rejection is only via a layer of thermal insulation to the reactor silo structure and the surrounding soil. The results show that even in this case the peak fuel temperatures remain well within safe limits. However, vessel and concrete temperatures can - under extreme circumstances and after several weeks - reach temperature levels at which structural failure becomes possible.
Date:
January 1, 1988
Creator:
Kroeger, P. G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Surprising patterns of CMOS susceptibility to ESD and implications on long-term reliability
CMOS electrostatic discharge (ESD) failures in a product where, by design, the device input terminals are not accessible to ESD led to this study of device susceptibility and an analysis of the long-term reliability of devices in assemblies from that production line. Some surprising patterns of device susceptibility are established and it is shown that the probability of long-term failure in devices whose electrical characteristics have been degraded by electrostatic discharge is small.
Date:
January 1, 1980
Creator:
Schwank, J.R.; Baker, R.P. & Armendariz, M.G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Damage nucleation in Si during ion irradiation
Damage nucleation in single crystals of silicon during ion irradiation is investigated. Experimental results and mechanisms for damage nucleation during both room and liquid nitrogen temperature irradiation with different mass ions are discussed. It is shown that the accumulation of damage during room temperature irradiation depends on the rate of implantation. These dose rate effects are found to decrease in magnitude as the mass of the ions is increased. The significance of dose rate effects and their mass dependence on nucleation mechanisms is discussed.
Date:
January 1, 1984
Creator:
Holland, O.W.; Fathy, D. & Narayan, J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library