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Notes and Documents, Winter 2003-04 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Winter 2003-04

Notes and Documents column including "Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame: William T. Hagan," which provides a short biographical sketch of William T. Hagan, inductee into the Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame in 2003.
Date: Winter 2003
Creator: Blochowiak, Mary Ann
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Winter 2003-04 (open access)

For the Record, Winter 2003-04

For the Record section including the Minutes of the OHS Quarterly Board Meeting that was held on July 23, 2003.
Date: Winter 2003
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Choctaw Chief's House: Oral Tradition and Historical Inaccuracies (open access)

The Choctaw Chief's House: Oral Tradition and Historical Inaccuracies

Article introduces credible witness reports and documentary evidence, including construction specifications, to support the conclusion that Choctaw Chief Thomas LeFlore's house near Wheelock Mission was the structure built according to the 1830 Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, rather than the house located near Swink, Oklahoma.
Date: Winter 2003
Creator: Coleman, Louis
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Mehan Memories: A Croquet Diamond was the Social Center (open access)

Mehan Memories: A Croquet Diamond was the Social Center

Article describes the history of the town of Mehan, Oklahoma, its founding families and businesses, and the town's unique social center--a croquet field. Founded near the turn of the twentieth century, Mehan remained a small, quiet village until an oil boom brought an influx of people to Payne County in the 1920s. Prosperity lasted only until the 1950s, however, when population loss, a devastating flood, and the loss of the railroad initiated Mehan's decline.
Date: Winter 2003
Creator: Newsom, D. Earl
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Unite With Us to Rescue the Kiowas": The Five Civilized Tribes and Warfare on the Southern Plains (open access)

"Unite With Us to Rescue the Kiowas": The Five Civilized Tribes and Warfare on the Southern Plains

Article describes the Indian Peace Commission, an effort in the early 1870s by members of the Five Civilized Tribes to act as intermediaries between the United States and the Southern Plains tribes in an attempt to ease longstanding tensions.
Date: Winter 2003
Creator: Denson, Andrew
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"And The Skies Are Not Cloudy All Day": Drought and the Cherokee Outlet Land Run (open access)

"And The Skies Are Not Cloudy All Day": Drought and the Cherokee Outlet Land Run

This article details the difficulties that settlers of the Cherokee Outlet faced and how they coped with adverse conditions. Many environmental and economic factors contributed to their success or failure, including a major drought on the Southern Plains that coincided with the opening of the Cherokee Outlet in 1893.
Date: Winter 2003
Creator: Sweeney, Kevin Z.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Tea Kettle on a Raft: A History of Navigation on the Upper Red River (open access)

Tea Kettle on a Raft: A History of Navigation on the Upper Red River

Article provides a comprehensive account of steamboating on the Upper Red River and the role of riverine navigation in the development of the state of Oklahoma.
Date: Winter 2003
Creator: Tolman, Keith
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Fall 2003 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Fall 2003

Notes and Documents column including a short biographical sketch of Martha Royce Blaine, who was inducted into the Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame in 2003.
Date: Autumn 2003
Creator: Blochowiak, Mary Ann
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Fall 2003 (open access)

For the Record, Fall 2003

For the Record section including the minutes of the OHS quarterly board meeting that was held on April 24, 2003, and the minutes of the annual meeting of the OHS mqembership that was held on April 25, 2003.
Date: Autumn 2003
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"She Would Raise Hens to Aid War": The Contributions of Oklahoma Women during World War I (open access)

"She Would Raise Hens to Aid War": The Contributions of Oklahoma Women during World War I

Article explores the many often-overlooked contributions and achievements of Oklahoma women during World War I. Women organized meetings to create movements to assist war efforts, worked outside the domestic sphere in various occupations, and became involved in industrial growth.
Date: Autumn 2003
Creator: Rich, Melanie
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From Tramp Reporting to Pulitzer Prize: Enid's Own Marquis James (open access)

From Tramp Reporting to Pulitzer Prize: Enid's Own Marquis James

Article describes the life and career of tramp reporter turned two-time Pulitzer Prize winner Marquis James. Paul S. Vickery highlights the author's autobiographical book about the Cherokee Strip, which explored his boyhood experiences in Enid, Oklahoma.
Date: Autumn 2003
Creator: Vickery, Paul S.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Poor Red Man and the Great Father: Choctaw Rhetoric, 1540-1860 (open access)

The Poor Red Man and the Great Father: Choctaw Rhetoric, 1540-1860

Article examines the rhetoric of written speeches by Choctaw leaders addressing Euro-American government officials in a post-contact era to determine the nature of the language used. Stephen P. Van Hoak argues that rather than indicating dependency, the Choctaws used self-abasing and respectful language to promote diplomacy and at times protest mistreatment.
Date: Autumn 2003
Creator: Van Hoak, Stephen P.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Trials of Will Johnson: Race-blind Justice in the First Year of Oklahoma Statehood (open access)

The Trials of Will Johnson: Race-blind Justice in the First Year of Oklahoma Statehood

Article describes the state of race relations in Oklahoma during the early 1900s through the examination of the trials, appeals, and execution of Will Johnson, a black man charged with the murder of an elderly white woman. Though African Americans held nearly equal status in the territorial period, the case's proceedings indicate the trial as a "benchmark" that indicated the switch to the rigidity of the Jim Crow era.
Date: Autumn 2003
Creator: Hedglen, Thomas
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
George Catlin and Archaeology: Data Drawn from the Canvas (open access)

George Catlin and Archaeology: Data Drawn from the Canvas

Article compares artistic evidence of the occupation of historic locations in Oklahoma by American Indian tribes in the form of George Catlin's artwork with the archeological findings in those areas. Cinnamon Catlin-Legutko gleans information about the acculturation within the Osage, Choctaw, Cherokee, and Creek tribes during the removal period.
Date: Autumn 2003
Creator: Catlin-Legutko, Cinnamon
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Summer 2003 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Summer 2003

Notes and Documents column including a document honoring Preston George, who was inducted into the Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame in 2003. It also includes a document which investigates the vague and varied accounts about the killing of George Birdwell, leader of an abortive bank robbery in Boley, Oklahoma.
Date: Summer 2003
Creator: Blochowiak, Mary Ann & Savage, William W., Jr.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Building a New Life: The Polish Settlers of Harrah, Oklahoma (open access)

Building a New Life: The Polish Settlers of Harrah, Oklahoma

Article details the history of Polish settlers in Oklahoma, from the mass migration that occurred between 1825 and the beginning of World War I, to the founding of Harrah, Oklahoma, to their attempts to preserve Polish culture, heritage, and traditions for future generations. Agnieszka Kemerley explores the reasons for their migration as well as the growth of Harrah itself.
Date: Summer 2003
Creator: Kemerley, Agnieszka
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Spring 2003 (open access)

For the Record, Spring 2003

For the Record section including the minutes of the regular quarterly board meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on February 19, 2003.
Date: Summer 2003
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"The Lost Shepherds": Methodist Missionaries among the Ponca Indian Tribe of Oklahoma, 1888-1940 (open access)

"The Lost Shepherds": Methodist Missionaries among the Ponca Indian Tribe of Oklahoma, 1888-1940

Article describes the efforts of early Methodist Episcopal missionaries to convert members of the Ponca tribe to the Methodist faith and renounce some of their traditional practices after government agents had reported a need for cultural assimilation. Mark van de Logt illuminates the negative bias held towards some Native American traditions and the reasoning of both the missionaries and the Poncas for their actions.
Date: Summer 2003
Creator: van de Logt, Mark
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Capital Punishment and the United States Court for the Indian Territory (open access)

Capital Punishment and the United States Court for the Indian Territory

Article describes the history of capital punishment in the section of Indian Territory that was attached to Arkansas Territory for judicial purposes. After calling for the creation of a "resident court," a local court was finally established to give inhabitants of Indian Territory jurisdiction over crime in their area, and Von Russell Creel discusses the resulting cases in detail.
Date: Summer 2003
Creator: Creel, Von Russell
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Did They Really Sing Opera in Opera Houses?: Public Entertainment in Oklahoma and Indian Territories, 1895-1907 (open access)

Did They Really Sing Opera in Opera Houses?: Public Entertainment in Oklahoma and Indian Territories, 1895-1907

Article describes the history of opera houses and other venues for public entertainment in Oklahoma and Indian Territories in the territorial period. Many of the "opera houses" evolved to stage plays, shows, or musicals, and eventually were converted into moving picture theaters.
Date: Summer 2003
Creator: Booker, Susan
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes and Documents, Spring 2003 (open access)

Notes and Documents, Spring 2003

Notes and Documents column including a document honoring Louis F. Burns, who was inducted into the Oklahoma Historians Hall of Fame in 2003.
Date: Spring 2003
Creator: Armstrong, Connie G.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
For the Record, Spring 2003 (open access)

For the Record, Spring 2003

For the Record section including the minutes of the regular quarterly board meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on October 23, 2002.
Date: Spring 2003
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Lingering Shadow: The Grapes of Wrath and Oklahoma Leaders in the Post-Depression Era (open access)

The Lingering Shadow: The Grapes of Wrath and Oklahoma Leaders in the Post-Depression Era

Article discusses the impact of the 1939 novel, The Grapes of Wrath, on the reputation of the citizens of Oklahoma in the 1930s. After the discriminatory term "Okie" was adopted to refer to struggling migrant Oklahomans, government administration and civic leaders worked to change the way Oklahomans were viewed in the post-depression era.
Date: Spring 2003
Creator: Collins, Jennifer J.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
President Hayes and the Poncas (open access)

President Hayes and the Poncas

Article describes the plight of the Poncas, who were forcefully removed from their lands and later refused compensation, and the response of President Rutherford B. Hayes. In a message to Congress, Hayes acknowledged the wrongs done to the Poncas and called for revisions of policy regarding relations with Native American tribes.
Date: Spring 2003
Creator: Taylor, Quentin
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History