A discussion of the status of quality assurance activities in solar energy conversion technologies and of the needs for further efforts in this area is presented. The importance of reliability and quality assurance activities to various end users is briefly discussed. Some details of such activities in wind, active heating and cooling, and photovoltaic technologies are given. Suggestions for an inegrated reliability, quality assurance program are presented and their importance to the growth of solar energy application is discussed.

A statistical matrix approach for solving complex environmental problems involving oil shale mining and processing is presented. Four methods are described: quantitative structure-activity and molecular connectivity relationships (QSAR,MC); factor analysis (FA); and pattern recognition (PR). QSAR and MC are useful in the prediction of toxic behavior for individual members of a class of compounds for which SAR data are already available. The methods of FA and PR have both been applied to data derived from structure-activity relationships (SAR), and PR techniques have also been used with connectivity functions. Each method is evaluated and the scope of their application is defined. (DMC)

Zeolites have been used as catalysts in industry since the early nineteen sixties. The great majority of commercial applications employ one of three zeolite types: zeolite Y; Mordenite; ZSM-5. By far the largest use of zeolites is in catalytic cracking, and to a lesser extent in hydrocracking. This paper reviews the rapid development of zeolite catalysis and its application in industries such as: the production of gasoline by catalytic cracking of petroleum; isomerization of C/sub 5/ and C/sub 6/ paraffin hydrocarbons; alkylation of aromatics with olefins; xylene isomerization; and conversion of methanol to gasoline.

The Multistate Atmospheric Power Production Pollution Study/Regional Acidity of Industrial Emissions, MAP3S/RAINE program includes measurement and modeling of fossil-fuel effluent concentrations in precipitation and air in the northeastern United States. To determine precipitation concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen oxides as well as PO/sub 4//sup 3 -/, Cl/sup -/, Na/sup +/, K/sup +/, NH/sub 4//sup +/, Ca/sup 2 +/, Mg/sup 2 +/, pH, and conductivity, an eight-1 site precipitation network in rural eastern United States has been established. Two Dionex Model 10 ion chromatographs are being used to analyze the precipitation samples. This paper describes the use and operation of these instruments. (ACR)

In recognition of the undisputed trends toward distributed-processing, resource-sharing local computer networks, many computer installations and commercial enterprises are developing architectures and configurations that can serve as foundations for growth along these lines. An important subclass of local networks is the so-called back-end network. It is characterized by block-oriented traffic, data rates in the multi-megabit range, and functional roles featuring direct access to very large mass storages and interconnection of data base processors. To the extent that data set or file access has a direct effect on processing speed, a properly performing back-end network can provide considerable throughput improvement to a computing installation. 4 figures, 2 tables. (RWR)

Vertical and longitudinal cooling has been achieved at the FNAL 200 MeV cooling ring. Initial longitudinal cooling times of 20 seconds for 1.5 x 10/sup 6/ circulating protons are in approximate agreement with calculations based on measured system parameters. The cooling systems have an electronic bandwidth of approx. 300 MHz, travelling wave pickups and kickers and a notch filter using flexible cable. The TW structures provide a good signal-to-noise ratio and reduce output power requirements.

Energy supply is one of the most important issues facing Northwestern legislators today. To meet the challenge, state legislatures must address the development of alternative energy sources. The Small-Scale Hydroelectric Power Policy Project of the National Conference of State Legislators (NCSL) was designed to assist state legislators in looking at the benefits of one alternative, small-scale hydro. Because of the need for state legislative support in the development of small-scale hydroelectric, NCSL, as part of its contract with the Department of Energy, conducted the following conference on small-scale hydro in the Pacific Northwest. The conference was designed to identify state obstacles to development and to explore options for change available to policymakers. A summary of the conference proceedings is presented.

The thermally induced buoyancy flow in fractured rocks around a nuclear waste repository is of major concern in the evaluation of the regional, long-term impact of nuclear waste disposal in geological formation. In this study, buoyancy flow and the development of convective cells are calculated in vertical fractures passing through or positioned near a repository. Interaction between buoyancy flow and regional hydraulic gradient is studied as a function of time, and the interference of intersecting fractures with each other is also discussed.

General aspects affecting TPC size, readout plane characteristics and operation in the LEP environment are presented, with the general conclusion that modest improvements relative to PEP-4 can be realized in several areas. The problem of positive ion reduction is discussed according to two qualitatively new operating modes, asynchronous and synchronous gating. Either gating mode appears to offer a means to eliminate almost completely the ion return flux. Some speculative ideas involving 3-component gas mixtures, low-mass components and parallel plane geometry are presented as future possibilities.

A preliminary analysis of an experiment designed as a sensitive dibaryon resonance search in the reaction pp..-->..p..pi../sup +/n is presented. At 2 GeV/c incident momentum, 440,000 unambiguously reconstructed events were obtained. In this preliminary analysis, the results are reported of a search of the pn mass spectrum for evidence of chain decays of possible dibaryon resonances, i.e. pp..-->..d/sup **/, d/sup **/..-->..d/sup **/..pi../sup +/, d/sup */..-->..pn. No evidence of narrow peaks (less than or equal to 7 MeV) is seen in the data for cross-section-times-branching-ratio greater than 50 ..mu..b.

A unique single frequency, dual daisy chain tunnel radio communication system has been developed for use in our new Positron-Electron Storage Ring. Communications are possible between portables in the underground ring and between a portable in the ring and all control rooms on the site. The system is designed as a wide band facility and therefore can carry many simplex and duplex transmissions. This system utilizes TV twinlead as a distributed antenna and repeater amplifiers to cover more than 7000 feet of underground tunnel. The design philosophy, tests and initial design are discussed and contrasted with the final implementation of the system. Future uses of the system are discussed.

A kinetic equation approach to stochastic cooling is presented. Equations for one and two particle distribution functions are derived from the principle of conservation of the number of ensemble systems. The violation of Liouville's theorem is expressed by certain self-interaction terms. The two-particle distribution describes Schottky noise and feedback effects and is analyzed by techniques of the Lenard-Balescu equation for plasmas. The resulting expression for the one particle distribution is of the form of a Fokker-Planck equation. The suppression of Schottky signals for arbitrary machine impedance is discussed in terms of particle correlations.

Separate abstracts were prepared for four of the papers in this volume. The remaining fifteen have already been cited in ERA, and can be located by reference to the entry CONF-800551--(Vol.2) in the Report Number Index. CINDA and charged-particle reaction indexes are included. (RWR)

Transmutation of fission products /sup 137/Cs and /sup 90/Sr using the neutron produced by high energy proton collision with heavy nuclei were investigated. Because of the small thermal neutron cross section for (n,..gamma..) reaction of /sup 137/Cs (0.1 barn), a high neutron flux of 10/sup 17/ n/cm/sup 2/ sec is required to transmute /sup 137/Cs at a rate ten times faster than the natural decay. This range of high flux is attainable in the spallation reaction of high energy proton beam interact with liquid Pb target. The neutronic calculation by using NMTC, HIST3D, EPR, TAPEMAKER and ANISN codes indicates that the spallation neutron can transmute 222 kg /sup 137/Cs and 155 kg /sup 90/Sr fission products per year (at a rate of 10 and 30 times faster than their natural decay rate) by running a 300 mA, 1.5 GeV proton beam. Thus, if we transmute these fission products, just after a burning cycle, this accelerator can transmute these fission products produced in five or six 1000 MWe power plants.

Geological and geophysical studies indicate that the Cerro Prieto reservoir is quite heterogeneous due to complex lithofacies fault structures, and hydrothermal alteration. Geochemical investigations have provided clues on the origin of the geothermal fluids, their recharge paths and on the reservoir processes accompanying the exploitation of the field. Well tests have yielded information on the permeability of the reservoir. (MHR)

Separate abstracts were prepared for 22 of the papers in this volume. The remaining six have already been cited in ERA, and can be located by reference to the entry CONF-800551--(Vol.1) in the Report Number Index. CINDA and charged-particle reaction indexes for both volumes of this report appear at the end of volume II. (RWR)

Chemical (thermodynamic) stable equilibrium at glass-metal interfaces is established when the liquid glass becomes saturated with the low valence oxide of the metal. Stable or metastable equilibrium conditions at glass-metal interfaces result in a constant contact angle in a sessile drop experiment. If chemical equilibrium is absent, then a driving force exists for the occurrence of a reaction to attain equilibrium. All reactions that take place contribute to the maintenance of the necessary saturation of the liquid and solid at the interface with the solid substrate oxide in order to realize chemical bonding across the interface. Spreading always occurs when the solid metal is an active participant in these reactions. Examples showing the development of these principles are based on systems of sodium disilicate with Fe, Co, Ni, Fe-Ni alloys, Pt, Ag, Au, Cu, Ta, W, Mo, Nb, Zr, and Cr. The final structure and composition of the glass-metal interfacial zone are determined by the kinetics and thermodynamics of the reactions that occur.

A brief review of the following research topics is given: (1) accelerator drivers; (2) the Argonne heavy ion fusion program; (3) multimegajoule heavy-ion induction linacs; and (4) fusion applications of the Megalac. (MOW)

The stochastic energy concentrations randomly deposited in submicron volumes in and near the paths of charged particles is needed. Computational methods, especially Monte Carlo methods, required a comprehensive set of basic interaction cross sections for the primary and all secondary radiation products. Of particular importance for high LET radiations are the cross sections for the production of energetic secondary electrons, delta-rays, in primary ionizing events. In this paper, we review the present state of available data on the production of delta-rays by fast positive ions in collision with targets of biological interest. The systematics in the cross sections for proton ionization of molecular targets are discussed, indicating what scaling is possible and summarizing what can be concluded regarding the dependence of the mean delta-ray energies on the chemical makeup of the medium. A comparison of typical data is made with the binary-encounter approximation to illustrate the limitations of this theoretical treatment of the ionization process. A bibliography of relevant published works on this topic is included.

A 50 MW geothermal power plant is currently under development at the Baca site in the Valles Caldera, New Mexico, as a joint venture of the Department of Energy (DOE), Union Oil Company of California, and the Public Service Company of New Mexico (PNM). To date, over 20 wells have been drilled on the prospect, and the data from these wells indicate the presence of a high-temperature liquid dominated reservoir. Data from open literature on the field are used to estimate the amount of hot water in place (reservoir capacity) and the length of time the reservoir can supply steam for a 50 MW power plant (reservoir longevity). The reservoir capacity is estimated by volumetric calculations using existing geological, geophysical, and well data. The criteria used are described and the sensitivity of the results discussed. The longevity of the field is studied using a two-phase numerical simulator (SHAFT79). A number of cases are studied based upon different boundary conditions, and injection and production criteria. Constant or variable mass production is employed in the simulations with closed, semi-infinite or infinite reservoir boundaries. In one of the cases, a fault zone feeding the production region is modeled. The injection strategy depends on …

The use of the Crystal Ball detector for the study of e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilations near charm threshold - at the psi(3097), psi'(3685), psi'(3770) and in the continuum 3770 less than or equal to ..sqrt..s less than or equal to 4500 MeV - is discussed. This paper will concentrate on the special techniques available to the Crystal Ball which allow measurement of inclusive ..gamma.., ..pi../sup 0/ and eta cross sections. Preliminary results for these processes at particular center of mass energies are presented. An update of the inclusive and exclusive evidence for the eta/sub c/(2980), for the sake of completeness, is given in the Appendix.

A resonance is observed in pK/sup -/..pi../sup +/, anti pK/sup +/..pi../sup -/, pK/sub S//sup 0/ and anti pK/sub S//sup 0/ invariant-mass spectra at 2.285 +- 0.006 GeV/c/sup 2/ which is associated with the lowest-lying charmed baryon (..lambda../sub c/). The Dalitz plot and limits on other modes and on the production of other states are presented. Measurements of inclusive p and ..lambda.. cross sections are also presented and allow an estimate of the branching ratios B(..lambda../sub c//sup +/ ..-->.. pK/sup -/..pi../sup +/) = (2.2 +- 1.0)% and B(..lambda../sub c//sup +/..-->.. p anti K/sup 0/) = (1.1 +- 0.7)%.

While used extensively, the term intermediate-level waste is not a clearly defined waste category. Assuming the ILW includes all radioactive wastes requiring shielding but not ordinarily included in a high-level waste canister, its major sources include power plant operations, spent fuel storage, and spent fuel reprocessing. While the volume is approx. 10/sup 2/ greater than that of high-level waste, ILW contains only approx. 1% of the radioactivity. Power plant waste, constituting approx. 87% of the waste volume, is generally nontransuranic waste. The other approximately 13% from fuel reprocessing is generally transuranic. Intermediate-level wastes fall into the general categories of highly radioactive hardware, failed equipment, HEPA filters, wet wastes, and noncombustible solids. Within each category, however, the waste characteristics can vary widely, necessitating different treatments. The wet wastes, primarily power plant resins and sludges, contribute the largest volume; fuel hulls and core hardware represent the greatest activity. Numerous treatments for intermediate-level wastes are available and have been used successfully. Packaging and transportation systems are also available. Intermediate-level wastes from power plants are disposed of by shallow-land burial. However, the alpha-bearing wastes are being stored pending eventual disposal to a geologic repository or by other means, e.g., intermediate-depth burial, sea disposal. Problem …

The thermal flowmeter and boundary layer voiding detector/flowmeters have been developed in order to make low velocity (0.3 m/s) and steam generator voiding measurements in a small break test. Cooled thermal flowmeter prototypes have made successful measurements of low velocity in both laboratory tests and under actual pressurized water reactor (PWR) accident conditions in the Semiscale Facility. The boundary layer voiding detector/flowmeter has been shown in the laboratory to be capable of detecting both steam generator U-tube voiding and monitoring of tube flow under normal operating conditions.