An Open Letter from Too-Qua-Stee to Congressman Charles Curtis, 1898 (open access)

An Open Letter from Too-Qua-Stee to Congressman Charles Curtis, 1898

Article outlines the author's disapproval of provisions of the Curtis Act that closed the governments of the Five Civilized Tribes in Oklahoma. The article starts with an introduction by the editor explaining the background of the letter.
Date: Autumn 1969
Creator: Duncan, DeWitt Clinton & Wright, Muriel H. (Muriel Hazel), 1889-1975
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Angelo Cyrus Scott: Leader in Higher Education, Oklahoma Territory (open access)

Angelo Cyrus Scott: Leader in Higher Education, Oklahoma Territory

Article highlights the accomplishments of Oklahoma State University's fifth president, Angelo Cyrus Scott.
Date: Spring 1969
Creator: Rulon, Philip Reed
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Historiography of The Five Civilized Tribes: A Chronological Approach (open access)

A Historiography of The Five Civilized Tribes: A Chronological Approach

Article illustrates the rise and fall of The Five Civilized Tribes, a tribal government located in present-day Oklahoma. The article chronicles the history of interactions between European settlers and American Indians in the region.
Date: Autumn 1969
Creator: Howard, Robert Palmer
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Oklahoma and the Parking Meter (open access)

Oklahoma and the Parking Meter

Article narrates the history of the parking meter's creation and introduction into Oklahoma City.
Date: Summer 1969
Creator: Fischer, LeRoy H. & Smith, Robert E.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Oklahoma: A Resettlement Area for Indians (open access)

Oklahoma: A Resettlement Area for Indians

Article chronicles the history of American Indian's settlement inside of Oklahoma before and after the purchase of Louisiana.
Date: Autumn 1969
Creator: Gage, Duane
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Colonel Albert Sidney Johnston’s March Through Indian Territory in 1855 (open access)

Colonel Albert Sidney Johnston’s March Through Indian Territory in 1855

Article chronicles the trials faced by Colonel Albert Sidney Johnston's marching party as they made their way towards West Texas. The party was to provide aid to settlers dealing with raiding Comanche Indians. The article contains portions of Colonel Johnston's wife, Eliza's, journal entries.
Date: Summer 1969
Creator: Ballenger, T. L.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Ghost Town: McGee, Indian Territory (open access)

Ghost Town: McGee, Indian Territory

Article chronicles the history of the little town of McGee through the founding of its many stores and schools. The town is now abandoned due to the expansion of a railroad.
Date: Summer 1969
Creator: Mooney, Charles W.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Phases of Reconstruction in the Choctaw Nation, 1865-1870 (open access)

Phases of Reconstruction in the Choctaw Nation, 1865-1870

Article chronicles how the Choctaw Nation attempted to reestablished law and order in the years after the Civil War. During this time, the Choctaw lands were left barren, causing a shortage in the food supply and widespread looting of personal property.
Date: Summer 1969
Creator: Kensell, Lewis Anthony
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Study of Public Opinion on Desegregation in Oklahoma Higher Education (open access)

A Study of Public Opinion on Desegregation in Oklahoma Higher Education

Article chronicles the public's opinions and reactions to desegregation throughout Oklahoma by analyzing editorials and newspapers published during three major Supreme Court Cases: Sipuel v. Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, McLaurin V. Oklahoma Stage Regents, and Brown v. Board of Education.
Date: Autumn 1969
Creator: Celarier, Michelle
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Military Duty on the Western Frontier (open access)

Military Duty on the Western Frontier

Article illustrates the life of Colonel Edwin P. Pendleton during his time serving in Fort Reno. The article is a diary entry of the colonel while he interacts with the American Indians living in the surrounding areas and trains with his fellow soldiers.
Date: Summer 1969
Creator: Shirk, George H.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, October 23, 1969 (open access)

Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, October 23, 1969

This section includes the minutes for the quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on October 23, 1969. Included within the minutes is a list of gifts received by the organization.
Date: Winter 1969
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The "Middle Way": The Farmers' Alliance in Indian Territory, 1889-1896 (open access)

The "Middle Way": The Farmers' Alliance in Indian Territory, 1889-1896

Article chronicles the history of the Farmers' Alliance throughout the Indian Territory. The alliance unified farmers so they could fight for better interest rates, taxes, price fixing, marketing conditions, and other demands that would sustain their way of life.
Date: Winter 1969
Creator: Meredith, H. L.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Notes from the Diary of Susan E. Foreman (open access)

Notes from the Diary of Susan E. Foreman

Article illustrates the daily life of Susan E. Foreman as she teaches at the neighborhood Cherokee school in Webber's Fall during the Civil War.
Date: Winter 1969
Creator: Finley, Linda
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Honey Springs National Battlefield Park Movement (open access)

The Honey Springs National Battlefield Park Movement

Article outlines the events surrounding the centennial anniversary of the Battle of Honey Springs, the largest battle fought during the Civil War within present-day Oklahoma. The battle was the catalyst for Federal troops to gain control of the territory through the capture of Fort Smith. A commemorative park was created for the battlefield.
Date: Spring 1969
Creator: Fischer, LeRoy H.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Negro Troop Activity in Indian Territory, 1863-1865 (open access)

Negro Troop Activity in Indian Territory, 1863-1865

Article outlines the history and accomplishments of various Black infantry regiments throughout the Civil War. This was the first time in United States history that Black men were allowed to fight as soldiers for the country.
Date: Spring 1969
Creator: Rampp, Lary C.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
General Sherman's Letter to His Son: A Visit to Fort Sill (open access)

General Sherman's Letter to His Son: A Visit to Fort Sill

Article recounts a letter sent from General William Sherman to his son detailing the events that occurred at Fort Sill and his attitudes towards the American Indian population. General Sherman and his troops were sent to the fort as additional protection for frontiersmen against hostiles that lived in the area.
Date: Summer 1969
Creator: Merrill, James M.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, July 24, 1969 (open access)

Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society, July 24, 1969

This section includes the minutes for the quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on July 24, 1969. Included within the minutes is a list of gifts received by the organization and a list of new annual members to the society.
Date: Autumn 1969
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Minutes of the Annual and Quarterly Meeting of the Oklahoma Historical Society, April 24, 1969 (open access)

Minutes of the Annual and Quarterly Meeting of the Oklahoma Historical Society, April 24, 1969

This section includes the minutes for the annual and quarterly meeting of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on April 24, 1969.
Date: Summer 1969
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors, Oklahoma Historical Society, January 23, 1969 (open access)

Minutes of the Quarterly Meeting of the Board of Directors, Oklahoma Historical Society, January 23, 1969

This section includes the minutes of the quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors of the Oklahoma Historical Society that was held on January 23, 1969.
Date: Spring 1969
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A History of the Modoc Indians: An Acculturation Study (open access)

A History of the Modoc Indians: An Acculturation Study

Article illustrates the history of the Modoc Indians: an Indigenous people who can trace their ancestry to the Oregon area and whose history dates back over 10,000 years. After the Modoc War, the tribe was split between those who wished to go back to Oregon and those who wished to remain in Oklahoma Territory.
Date: Winter 1969
Creator: Martin, Lucille J.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
"Roost Robbers" and "Netters": Pigeoners in the Indian Territory (open access)

"Roost Robbers" and "Netters": Pigeoners in the Indian Territory

Article illustrates how the wild pigeon became extinct through hunting for sport and profit throughout the Indian Territories.
Date: Summer 1969
Creator: Littlefield, Daniel F., Jr.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Struggle of an East-West Railway into the Indian Territory, 1870-1882 (open access)

The Struggle of an East-West Railway into the Indian Territory, 1870-1882

Article outlines the struggles American Indians faced during the expansion of two railroads into their territories. The tribal governments fought in courts to cease the expansion of the Atlantic and Pacific railroads, but were hindered in their efforts by lobbying from the companies and racist ideologies.
Date: Spring 1969
Creator: Miner, Craig
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Edmund Gasseau Choteau Guerrier: French Trader (open access)

Edmund Gasseau Choteau Guerrier: French Trader

Article chronicles the life of Edmund Guerrier, a trader who was fluent in English, French and several Native American languages. He helped to facilitate many land negotiations and treaties between the Native populations and the United States' government.
Date: Winter 1969
Creator: Barde, Fred S. & Wright, Muriel H. (Muriel Hazel), 1889-1975
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Editorial Opinion in Oklahoma and Indian Territories on the Cuban Insurrection, 1895-1898 (open access)

Editorial Opinion in Oklahoma and Indian Territories on the Cuban Insurrection, 1895-1898

Article outlines how Americans felt during Cuba's fight for independence, which was proclaimed on July 15, 1895, through analyzing journalistic styles prevalent at the time and the American Government's intervention methods.
Date: Autumn 1969
Creator: Boles, David C.
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History