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8,390 Matching Results
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Design and performance of liquid hydrogen target systems for the Fermilab Fixed Target Program
The Fermilab 1990--1991 Fixed Target Program featured six experiments utilizing liquid hydrogen or liquid deuterium targets as part of their apparatus. Each design was optimized to the criteria of the experiment, resulting in variations of material selection, methods of refrigeration and secondary containment. Collectively, the targets were run for a total of 14,184 hours with an average operational efficiency of 97.6%. The safe and reliable operation of these targets was complemented by an increased degree of documentation and component testing. This operation was also aided by several key upgrades. All the systems were designed and fabricated under a set of written guidelines that blend analytical calculations and empirical guidance drawn from over twenty years of target fabrication experience. 3 refs., 4 tabs.
Date:
July 1, 1991
Creator:
Allspah, D.; Danes, J.; Peifer, J. & Stanek, R.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Applications of induction linac technology to heavy ion fusion
Evaluation of the application of heavy ion accelerators to ignite d-t pellets in a thermonuclear reactor is discussed. Accelerator design requirements considered include transport-limited current, beam injection conditions, and pulse bunching and focusing characteristics. The desirability of resonant and non-resonant accelerating structures is comparatively examined. The required power system switch tubes are discussed. It is concluded that heavy ion accelerators could offer a promising solution to the pellet-igniter problem. The advantages pointed out for this approach include electric efficiency greater than 10 percent, the possibility of high repetition rates (1 to 10 Hz), and a mature technological base. (RME)
Date:
July 1, 1977
Creator:
Faltens, A. & Keefe, D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
High resolution difference schemes for compressible gas dynamics
The advantages and disadvantages of four new high-resolution difference schemes, namely the von Neumann-Richtmyer, Godunovs, MUSCL and Glimms, for mathematically representing physical conditions in compressible gas flows are compared. (LCL)
Date:
July 30, 1980
Creator:
Woodward, P. & Colella, P.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Quark deconfinement and high energy nuclear collisions
Statistical QCD predicts that with increasing density, strongly interacting matter will undergo a transition to a plasma of deconfined quarks and gluons. High energy heavy ion collisions are expected to permit experimental studies of this transition and of the predicted new state of matter. 22 refs., 6 figs.
Date:
July 1, 1986
Creator:
Satz, H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Meson spectroscopy viewed from J//PSI/ decay: Gluonic states at BEPC
The theoretical and experimental status of the search for gluonic states is reviewed. Progress clearly requires much higher statistics studies of J//psi/ decay, as will be possible at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider. 83 refs.
Date:
July 1, 1987
Creator:
Chanowitz, Michael S.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Methane entrained in geopressured aquifers, Texas Gulf Coast
Six tests of geopressured aquifers have yielded between 3.6 to 4.5 m/sup 3//m/sup 3/ (20 to 25 scf/bbl) of gas. These low gas concentrations are attributed to high salinities, that in all tests exceeded 100,000 mg/l, but undersaturated conditions cannot be ruled out completely. Research efforts are designed to delineate the geographic and stratigraphic variations in salinity and to recognize regional and local trends so that zones of lower salinity and higher gas concentration can be identified. Moreover, well logs and seismic data are being used to develop methods of detecting low concentrations of free gas in watered-out gas sands and in thin sands that were considered as noncommercial prior to renewed interest in unconventional gas supplies. (MHR)
Date:
July 1, 1980
Creator:
Morton, R. A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Surface, interface and thin-film magnetism
In the last quarter of the 20th century, with the information revolution and the ever growing need to acquire, store, and retrieve information, the science and technologies attached to magnetic recording have experienced an explosive growth. Central to those pursuits has been the materials science of magnetism as it applies to surfaces, interfaces, and thin films. This report discusses topics on thin-film magnetism such as: theory, physical effects, prospects, opportunities and future developments. (JL)
Date:
July 1, 1991
Creator:
Falicov, L.M. (Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (United States) California Univ., Berkeley, CA (United States). Dept. of Physics)
System:
The UNT Digital Library
A search for the production of the final states. tau. sup +. tau. sup minus e sup + e sup minus ,. tau. sup +. tau. sup minus. mu. sup +. mu. sup minus , and. tau. sup +. tau. sup minus. pi. sup +. pi. sup minus in e sup + e sup minus collisions at radical s = 29 GeV
We have searched for the reaction e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} {yields} {tau}{sup +}{tau}{sup {minus}}{bar f}f, where f is either an electron, muon, or charged pion, at {radical}s = 29 GeV using the Mark 2 detector at the PEP storage ring. One candidate event is found while 2.3 events are expected from known processes. We would expect to see 11 events if the cross-section for e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} {yields} {tau}{sup +}{tau}{sup {minus}}{bar f}f at {radical}s = 29 GeV were enhanced by the factor of 4.7 which the ALEPH collaboration reports for {radical}s = 91 GeV. we also look for e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} {yields} e{sup +}e{sup {minus}}{bar f}f and e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} {yields} {mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup {minus}} {bar f}f, and for e{sup +}e{sup {minus}} {yields} {tau}{sup +}{tau}{sup {minus}} {gamma} using a similar analysis procedure and see the number of events predicted by the standard model. 10 refs., 5 figs., 3 tabs.
Date:
July 1, 1991
Creator:
unknown
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CP violation in the six-quark model
Some of the recent work on CP violation in the six-quark model is reviewed.
Date:
July 1, 1980
Creator:
Wise, M.B.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Direct observations of the primary state of radiation damage of ion-irradiated tungsten and platinum
A brief summary was presented of all the Cornell work on the primary state of radiation damage in ion-irradiated tungsten and platinum. The primary research tool for all this research was the field-ion microscope (FIM); the FIM was ideally suited for this research because of its excellent atomic resolution and the ability to examine the interior of the specimens, as a result of the field-evaporation effect. This paper summarized, in outline form, the following items: (1) the principal experimental quantities determined from the analyses performed on all the individual depleted zones (DZs) observed; (2) the main experimental programs; (3) a number of the more important results and conclusions concerning the vacancy structure of DZs; and (4) the three-dimensional spatial distribution of self-interstitial atoms around DZs in tungsten which had been irradiated and examined in situ at 10/sup 0/K.
Date:
July 1, 1980
Creator:
Seidman, D. N.; Current, M. I.; Pramanik, D. & Wei, C. Y.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Excited-state proton-transfer kinetics in 1-naphthol, 1-naphthol-sulfonates, and organometallic complexes
The dissociation of 1-naphthol in aqueous solution occurs so rapidly that the fluorescence from the neutral form, ROH, has been previously described as completely extinguished or hardly noticeable. Apparently nearly all of the fluorescence originates from the naphtholate ion. This paper reports on the proton-transfer characteristics of a series of 1-naphthol compounds, and also reports preliminary data on excited-state proton transfer in an organometallic complex of ruthenium.
Date:
July 1, 1980
Creator:
Shapiro, S. L.; Winn, K. R. & Clark, J. H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Influences of clouds and rain on the large-scale transport and deposition of sulfur
This paper describes the application of a three-dimensional, global-scale Eulerian model with an explicit description of cloud and chemical processes. Simulation results describing the transport of sulfur from North America and Europe across the north Atlantic Ocean during a climatological July are presented. Wet deposition was found to contribute slightly more to total sulfur deposition than dry deposition, a feature explained by the large amounts of precipitation during this month. The wet deposition patterns did not always correspond to the emissions patterns. The precipitation rate and spatial distribution had a large effect on the calculated concentrations of soluble sulfur species. 10 refs., 7 figs., 1 tab.
Date:
July 1, 1991
Creator:
Luecken, D.J.; Berkowitz, C.M. & Easter, R.C.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Future engineering needs of mirror fusion reactors
Fusion research has matured during the last decade and significant insight into the future program needs has emerged. While some will properly note that the crystal ball is cloudy, it is equally important to note that the shape and outline of our course is discernable. In this short summary paper, I will draw upon the National Mirror Program Plan for mirror projects and on available design studies of these projects to put the specific needs of the mirror program in perspective.
Date:
July 30, 1982
Creator:
Thomassen, K.I.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Experiment in multiple-criteria energy policy analysis. [Using HOPE (holistic preference evaluation)]
An international panel of energy analysts participated in an experiment to use HOPE (holistic preference evaluation): an interactive parametric linear-programming method for multiple-criteria optimization. The criteria of cost, environmental effect, crude oil, and nuclear fuel were considered according to BESOM: an energy model for the US in the year 2000.
Date:
July 1, 1980
Creator:
Ho, J K
System:
The UNT Digital Library
N and. delta. resonances: an experimental review
Experimental progress in N and ..delta.. resonances since the Oxford baryon conference is reviewed. The review concentrates on hadronic channels, and on developments of the last one or two years. The topics reviewed include the antiproton lifetime; the ..delta../sup + +/ magnetic moment; measurements of ..pi..N elastic and charge-exchange scattering in the ..delta.. region, the eta n threshold region, and the high-mass region; partial wave analyses of ..pi..N ..-->.. ..pi..N; measurements of two-body inelastic ..pi..N scattering; and isobar analyses of ..pi..N ..-->.. ..pi pi..N. 75 references, 3 figures, 4 tables.
Date:
July 1, 1980
Creator:
Kelly, R.L.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Situational simulations in interactive video
The Westinghouse Hanford Company Advanced Training Technologies section is using situational simulations in several Interactive Video training courses. Two applications of situational simulations will be discussed. In the first, used in the Hanford General Employee Training course, the student evaluates employee's actions in simulations of possible workplace situations. In the second, used in the Criticality Safety course, students must follow well-defined procedures to complete tasks. Design and incorporation of situational simulations will be discussed. 3 refs.
Date:
July 1, 1991
Creator:
Smith, L.J.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Synchrotron x-ray study of physisorbed films of mixtures of Ar and Xe on graphite
Mixtures of Ar and Xe have been studied in most of the submonolayer region of the phase diagram (T,chi,rho), T = temperature, chi = chemical composition, rho = fraction of a monolayer. The basic feature is a large tendency to form ..sqrt.. 3 x ..sqrt.. 3 commensurate alloys (Kr-like structures), but none of the commensurate nor of the incommensurate structures form a chemically ordered alloy at 11 K. Thus the 2D solid can be thought of as a solid consisting of particles of an average size. This allows the study of commensurate-incommensurate phase transition driven by average particle size. The transition is indeed a sharp first order transition taking place through coexisting phases (tau/sub A/ = 1.64 A/sup -1/ and tau/sub B/ = 1.703 A/sup -1/), as was the case for the low temperature pure Kr-system. Another interesting feature is the existence of well correlated liquid-like structures which preserve their correlation over a temperature range of 5 Kelvin or more. This unusual behavior is for chemical compositions where there is coexistence of a commensurate and an incommensurate solid at high temperature.
Date:
July 1, 1982
Creator:
Bohr, J.; Nielsen, M.; McTague, J. P.; Als-Nielsen, J. & Kjaer, K.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Structural study of multilayered vanadium/nickel superlattices
We have studied the microstructure of V/Ni metallic superlattice, using x-ray and neutron diffraction. We find a sharp and broad rocking curves around the first-order Bragg peak, and attribute them to a columnar structure which gives rise to two modulation structures; one the ordinary layered structure within the columns and the other the averaged modulation structure which produces the sharp rocking peak.
Date:
July 1, 1985
Creator:
Homma, H.; Lepetre, Y.; Murduck, J.M.; Schuller, I.K. & Majkrzak, C.F.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Open cycle OTEC system with falling jet evaporator and condenser
A configuration for the open cycle (OC) Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) system is presented incorporating a countercurrent falling jet evaporator and a concurrent falling jet condenser. The parameters governing performance of the proposed configuration are discussed and the sizing of equipment for a 100-MWe net power output OC OTEC plant is performed, based on recent experimental falling jet heat and mass transfer results. The performance of an OC OTEC plant with falling jet evaporator-condenser is compared with the Westinghouse conceptual design that uses an open-channel evaporator and a surface condenser. Preliminary calculations indicate that falling jet heat and mass transfer, when applied in the proposed configuration, leads to a very simple and compact plant assembly resulting in substantial capital cost savings.
Date:
July 1, 1980
Creator:
Kogan, A.; Johnson, D. H.; Green, H. J. & Olson, D. A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Vertical bridgman and gradient freeze growth of III-V compound semiconductors
Major improvements in the structural and electrical perfection of single crystals of III-V compound semiconductors have been achieved by using new vertical Bridgman-type and vertical gradient freeze techniques. A general review of experimental set-ups used for growth of large diameter crystals of GaP, InP and GaAs is presented. Crystal properties and characteristic features are discussed to illustrate advantages and disadvantages of the vertical Bridgman-type growth techniques. 22 refs., 5 figs.
Date:
July 1, 1990
Creator:
Bourret, E.D.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
/sup 56/Ni and the light curve of Type I supernova
The explanation of SN Type I by radioactive decay of /sup 56/Ni requires a relatively small value of the transparency function M/sub ej//v/sub 9//sup 2/ = 0.22 in units of M/sub solar/'s and 10/sup 9/ cm s/sup -1/ to explain the light curve. A minimum mass of /sup 56/Ni is required to explain the peak and near peak luminosity. Subsequent radioactive decay energy must escape in some other form than optical light in order to explain the rapid early and late time decay. Early ultraviolet and infrared radiation are excluded as sinks of energy by observations. PdV work is excluded by theory. The energy loss due to the escape of gamma rays and ..beta../sup +/'s with the above value of M/sub ej//v/sub 9//sup 2/ gives good agreement with the light curve after maximum, provided essentially all the trapped energy is converted to optical light. The peak of SN 1972e is explained with the above transparency value M/sub ej//v/sub 9//sup 2/ = 0.22 and mass of /sup 56/Ni of 0.25 M/sub solar/ or 0.4 M/sub solar/, and a distance of 3.2 Mpc or 4 Mpc, respectively. These values depend critically upon the prediscovery report of Austin (1972), and the assumption again …
Date:
July 24, 1980
Creator:
Colgate, S.A. & Petschek, A.G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Potential of pyroprocessing for partitioning purex wastes
The processes are extremely compact. The process reagents are highly resistant to radiation damage and, therefore, can be used to handle short-cooled, highly concentrated waste with negligible degradation. Most reagents can be recycled back through the process many times, thereby minimizing the generation of waste products, and also reducing the process cost. Fission-product wastes are discharged from the process as concentrated, solid wastes, typically in a metal matrix suitable for permanent disposal. Long cooling periods are not needed prior to conversion to a suitable waste form. The recovered actinides are obtained as metals and cen be easily stored or shipped. Pyrochemical processing of nuclear fuels should be considered as a second generation technology.
Date:
July 23, 1980
Creator:
Coops, M. S. & Sisson, D. H.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Linear accelerators of the future
Some of the requirements imposed on future linear accelerators to be used in electron-positron colliders are reviewed, as well as some approaches presently being examined for meeting those requirements. RF sources for use in these linacs are described, as well as wakefields, single bunches, and multiple-bunch trains. (LEW)
Date:
July 1, 1986
Creator:
Loew, G.A.
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory laser-fusion program
The goals of the Laser-Fusion Program at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory are to produce well-diagnosed, high-gain, laser-driven fusion explosions in the laboratory and to exploit this capability for both military applications and for civilian energy production. In the past year we have made significant progress both theoretically and experimentally in our understanding of the laser interaction with both directly coupled and radiation-driven implosion targets and their implosion dynamics. We have made significant developments in fabricating the target structures. Data from the target experiments are producing important near-term physics results. We have also continued to develop attractive reactor concepts which illustrate ICF's potential as an energy producer.
Date:
July 12, 1982
Creator:
Ahlstrom, H.G.
System:
The UNT Digital Library