Student recital presented at the UNT College of Music Recital Hall.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Gordon Schaefer. Schaefer was born in Clinton, Indiana 5 December 1924. Upon graduating from high school in 1943, he was drafted into the US Army. He completed basic training at Camp Shelby, Missouri and he went to Camp Patrick Henry, Virginia for advanced training. He was then sent to Camp Kilmer, New Jersey where he boarded the SS Argentina for Scotland. From there he went to Normandy where he joined the 29th Infantry Division as a rifleman. He describes the hedgerow fighting and combat against the 2nd German Parachute Division. He tells of being involved in combat at Geilenkirchen, Germany where he was wounded by shell fragments. After the initial treatment, he was moved to a hospital in Liege, Belgium before being taken by C-47 to a hospital in Oxford, England. After his recovery, he rejoined his company in Germany and remained there until he returned to the United States in December 1945 at which time he was discharged.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with George Kirk. Kirk was born in Moline, Illinois on 17 April 1921. After graduating from high school in 1939 he enrolled at the University of Iowa. While there he participated in the Civilian Pilot Training Program and received his pilot’s license. In June 1942, he joined the Navy and had four months of training at St Louis. He then entered flight training at Corpus Christi Naval Air Station, Texas and had advanced at Kingsville Naval Air Station, Texas. He was commissioned in May 1943. After gunnery, formation and night flying he went to Norfolk, Virginia and was assigned to VF-8 and began flying F6F fighter planes. The group began practicing carrier landing on the USS Charger (CVE-30). Upon being carrier qualified, VF-8 was assigned to the USS Intrepid (CV-11). Upon arrival in Hawaii, VF-8 was off loaded from the ship and moved to the Navy base on Maui. On 1 March 1944, Air Group 8 was assigned to the USS Bunker Hill (CV-17). In recalling various combat missions, Kirk depicts the coordinated attacks by dive bombers, torpedo planes and fighter planes against various targets. He took part in …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Leo D. Wilcox. Wilcox joined the Navy in December 1942 and trained at Farragut, Idaho. Eventually, he was assigned to the Amphibious Force and reported aboard USS LCI-70 at Tulagi. The USS LCI-70 was a variant and was converted to include several other guns to support infantry during a landing. Wilcox describes some action he saw aboardUSS LCI-70 in the Solomon Islands. He also discusses his role in the invasion of Leyte in October, 1944 and then Mindoro. During a typhoon, a ship drug anchor and collided withUSS LCI-70, which ended up beached after the typhoon. After getting off the beach,USS LCI-70 participated in the invasion of Luzon at Lingayen Gulf. Wilcox describes the 70 being struck by a kamikaze. Wilcox also describes operations around Borneo. When the war ended, Wilcox was headed home to attend electricians school. Before he could go to school, he was assigned to the USS LST-611. He spent the next year decommissioning Seabee bases in the Pacific before being discharged in San Diego on his 21st birthday. He returned to the service, this time in the reserves and served aboard the USS Wedderburn …

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Edmund E. Zega. Zega joined the Marine Corps Reserve in 1944 when he was 17 and went on active duty in February, 1945. Zega speaks at length about the various weapons he trained on while in training at Parris Island, Camp Lejeune and San Diego. En route to Okinawa aboard the USS Bogue (CVE-9), the war ended and the ship returned to Pearl Harbor. Zega was transferred to the USS New York (BB-34) to serve in the galley as a cook. Zega was discharged in 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with John M. Nash, Jr. Nash was a freshman at the University of Utah in the fall of 1941. After one year of college, he was sworn into the Navy as an aviation cadet in November, 1942. Nash discusses pilot training in Arizona, Oklahoma and Texas. He also speaks about carrier landing training in Illinois. He was commissioned an ensign in June, 1944. When his orders came to him, he was assigned as a flight instructor at Cabaniss Field, an auxiliary landing field near the Corpus Christi Naval Air Station. Some of his students were foreign exchange students from other Alied countries. He remianed there through the end of the war.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Edward H. Vaughan. Vaughan went into the Army in January 1943. He relates a few amusing stories from his basic training days and at radio operator school. After training, Vaughan was attached to the 574th Signal Aircraft Warning Battalion. When he went overseas, he boarded trhe SS Cape Newenham (1943) and headed for New Guinea in 1944 arriving on Biak. Eventually, his unit headed for Palawan, Philippines. When the war was over, Vaughan was mustered out in a hurry because his father had had a bad heart attack and his mother sent for him. He rode a liberty ship back to San Francisco from the Philippines. When he was discharged, Vaughan elected to stay in the Army Reserve and eventually joined the Texas National Guard.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with William L. Bonning. Bonning had finished high school in 1941 and was grinding gears at Ford Motor Company in Detroit when he was drafted into the Army in January 1943. After a few failed attempts at joining the paratroopers, Bonning finally managed to pass the height requirement by stuffing matchbooks in his socks. He joined the paratroopers at Fort Benning, Georgia, in June, 1944. Bonning speaks of his experiences while training in Texas and Louisiana. He was in B Company, 504th Parachute Infantry Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division. He made it to France just in time to be moved to Belgium and join the fighting at the Battle of the Bulge. He shares many anecdotes about his time spent in combat and mentions many of his comrades by name.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Oliver E. Marheine. During the Depression, Marheine worked in the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in 1939 before moving to Detroit and taking a jobn in a factory making poarts for airplanes. From there he was drafted into the Army Air Forces in September, 1942. For a while he served as a cook at a glider pilot training base in North Carolina. Then Marheine shipped out to New Guinea. He continued serving as a cook there, then on Luzon and Okinawa. He was attached to the 7th Glider Echelon, 54th Troop Carrier Wing, 5th Air Force while serving in the Pacific. On Luzon, in the Philippines, Marheine worked in an officer's club. He was serving there when Japan surrendered. After the war, Marheine established an officer's club in Japan during the occupation before shipping home.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with James Brown. Brown joined the Army Air Forces in March 1943 and received basic training in Florida. He received aircraft mechanic training in Newark and attended gunnery school in Florida. Upon completion, he was assigned to the 675th Bomb Squadron, as an engineer gunner in a two-man crew flying A-20s. Brown flew a total of 23 missions in New Guinea and the Philippines. He was wounded by an armor-piercing bullet over Luzon, and one of his engines suffered a damaged fuel line. They made an emergency landing in Manila, and Brown received two months of medical care before being reassigned to Okinawa. When the typhoon hit his camp, he held onto his tent’s center pole and was carried into the air. After the war, Brown returned home and was employed by the VA, teaching agriculture to returning soldiers.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Donald Bunnell. Bunnell joined the Marine Corps in 1942, fresh out of high school, and received basic training in San Diego. Upon completion of radio school, he was assigned to the 4th Marine Division, working a Hagelin coding machine in the message center. He was instructed that in the event of impending enemy capture he should burn his records and then commit suicide. But by the time he arrived in Iwo Jima, his skills had become obsolete and he stepped aside to let Navajo code talkers take over. Bunnell returned home after the atomic bombs were dropped and was discharged. He was shocked to learn secondhand that his father had participated in the Manhattan Project, though his father would never admit to it.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ralph Edgar. Edgar joined the Navy in October 1943 and received basic training in Norfolk. Upon completion, he was sent to Guadalcanal, where he joined a special construction battalion that specialized in moving cargo. In the Philippines, he unloaded ships and brought supplies to the frontlines. The work was dangerous, and he encountered kamikazes. After the war, he ran a motor pool in Japan, supervising 260 Japanese drivers. One of his drivers stole three Jeeps, sold them on the black market, and was subsequently imprisoned. After two years, Edgar was sent back to the States to be treated for rheumatic fever. He received a medical discharge but soon returned to the Navy, managing motor pools again, this time as a civilian employee.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Lemar Hartman. Hartman joined the Navy in 1940 and received basic training at Great Lakes. Upon completion of radio school, he was assigned to the USS Selfridge (DD-357) at Pearl Harbor. During the attack, Hartman was on standby as a radioman, unable to answer messages, because the transmitting antennae had been shot down. Hartman witnessed the gruesome aftermath of The Battle of Vella Lavella and the Marianas campaigns, where he was tasked with installing radio communication infrastructure as soon as the islands were taken. He later returned home and was discharged in 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Roy Hughes. Hughes joined the National Guard and was called into active duty in September 1941. He was assigned to an artillery unit with the 45th Division in Algeria, preparing for the invasion of Sicily. In Salerno, he was wounded by shrapnel and almost left for dead when the medic was frightened by enemy shelling. Hughes’s best friend forced the company medic out of his hiding place, and Hughes recovered at a British hospital in Tripoli. Three months later, he returned to his unit for the invasion of Anzio. They fought in Southern France and finished the war while capturing Germans in Munich. Hughes returned home in June 1945. During his readjustment to civilian life, his nightmares were so debilitating that he was granted a full medical discharge. Over time, he made a full recovery.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Ramon Laughter. Laughter joined the Army in March 1941 and received basic training at Fort Monmouth. Upon completion, he was sent to OCS and earned a commission in the Signal Corps. He was then assigned to Camp Pinedale for further electronics training before joining the 134th Signal Intelligence Company, intercepting Japanese command radio communications while stationed at Kadena. Remarkably, some men in his unit were able to learn Katakana in one day, but Laughter relied on the help of six Nisei interpreters. After the war, Laughter returned to the States and was assigned to Air Defense Command, where he developed AWAC techniques that he had experimented with during the war. He retired as a full colonel in 1966.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Davis Mayes. Mayes joined the Army in the summer of 1936 and received basic training at Fort Sam Houston. While there, he taught himself to type. Upon completion of his three-year enlistment, he left to join the Navy, where his typing experience qualified him to become a radioman, copying down Japanese signals. He was on standby aboard the USS Solace (AH-5) during the attack on Pearl Harbor, bearing witness to the incredible destruction and its aftermath. His next assignment was as chief communicator for the USS Enoree (AO-69), coordinating 50 ships for the delivery of supplies to Europe. Next, he was assigned to a seagoing tug as chief radioman. As the only chief aboard, he instructed the crew in repairing everything from kitchen equipment to motors, salvaging parts from the mothball fleet. In the Korean War, he again went beyond his duties as a radioman and conducted repairs all over the USS Healey (DD-762). Mayes left the service in 1957 and went on to enjoy a 25-year career with the RCA Corporation. He was the only engineer there without a college education.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with William Miller. Miller joined the Navy in October 1941 and received basic training in San Diego. After a bout with the mumps and the measles, he was assigned to the USS Argonne (AG-31) at Pearl Harbor, where his first duties included removing projectiles from the badly damaged USS Oklahoma (BB-37), while the USS Arizona (BB-39) was still smoking. At Manus he was instructed to unload ammunition from the USS Mount Hood (AE-11) just before it exploded; fortunately, he had requested and been assigned a different task at the last minute. Miller spent the remainder of the war as a carpenter, repairing Higgins boats and PT boats damaged in action or left behind to rot. After the war ended, he was given train patrol in Seattle, trying to keep control of rowdy soldiers on their way home. Miller was discharged in 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Robert Sheron. Sheron joined the Navy in May 1944 and received basic training and learned to operate a Higgins boat at Camp Peary. Upon completion, he was assigned to the USS President Jackson (APA-18), where he worked as a typist in the S Division, managing dry supplies and disbursements. At Iwo Jima, he served as a stretcher bearer, retrieving wounded Marines from the shore. He recalls doctors performing amputations in the mess hall while the ship was used as an overflow hospital. He saw the flag raised on Mount Suribachi and remembers hundreds of ships nearby blowing their whistles in celebration. He stayed aboard after the war as part of Operation Magic Carpet and was discharged in 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Joseph Smith. Smith joined the Army Air Forces in December 1942 after working for Curtiss-Wright and Emerson. Upon completion of boot camp, aerial gunnery school, and celestial navigation training, he earned his wings. He was given further training until he qualified as a B-29 bombardier, radarman, and navigator. Smith was then assigned to the 29th Bomb Group, flying all of his missions out of Guam. His crew once voted to make an emergency landing in Iwo Jima to escape enemy fighter planes; he says many B-29s were saved that way on Iwo Jima. Smith’s last official flight of the war was over the USS Missouri (BB-63) during the singing of the surrender. He flew 26 missions in the Korean War before retiring as a first lieutenant.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with James Pfeiffer. Pfeiffer joined the Navy in June 1942 and received basic training in San Diego. Upon completion, he was assigned to the USS Tappahannock (AO-43), where he encountered many close calls with Japanese bombers and one Kaiten. At the end of the war, Pfeiffer was treated for post-traumatic stress disorder because he was experiencing quiet sounds as though they were as loud as gunshots. His time in the service took him all over the Pacific: to the Aleutians, Tulagi, Guadalcanal, Espiritu Santo, Ulithi, and Japan. Pfeiffer survived a typhoon and was discharged at the end of the war.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Mel Trenary. Trenary joined the Army in March of 1943. He served as a machine gunner with Company A, 517th Parachute Infantry Regiment. Trenary participated in the Italian Campaign, the invasion of southern France and the Battle of the Bulge. He returned to the US and was discharged in late 1945.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Buck Ward. Ward joined the Navy in 1944 and received basic training in San Diego. He received aviation communication and gunnery training on the West Coast. Upon completion, he was assigned to the USS Hornet (CV-12) where he served as a Helldiver radio gunman. He flew missions over Chichi Jima and the Philippines. After the war, Ward was stationed for R&R on Guam, where at night he heard Japanese holdouts sneaking into the camp to forage. He stayed aboard the Hornet for Operation Magic Carpet and was discharged in 1946.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Newton Zanes. Zanes joined the Marine Corps in July 1940 and served in Guantanamo Bay until April 1941. In February 1942 he was assigned to MAG-13 as an SBD radio gunner and sent to Samoa, where his first task was to make a campsite by clearing enormous banyan trees using dynamite. He was soon promoted to then-Major General Price’s PBY-5A crew, visiting almost every island in the Pacific theater. Zanes returned to the states in late 1943 and helped to start MAG-51 in North Carolina. There he met Charles Lindbergh, who put on an impromptu air show for the base. Toward the end of the war, Zanes qualified as an engineering chief and oversaw engine maintenance training at bases throughout the country. He remained in the Marine Corps until October 1952, when he began a lengthy career as a mechanical engineer. His family moved 45 times to capture unique job opportunities, including working for NASA and working behind the Iron Curtain.

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an interview with Thomas Wetherel. Wehterel joined the Army Air Forces in July 1942 and served as a ground crewman in the 312th Bomb Group. He went overseas with them to New Guinea and fought at Buna. He stayed with the 312th BG for the duration of the war, going to the Philippines and Okinawa. His job was driving the fuel truck and moving airplanes. Wetherel shares anecdotes about his experiences on the various islands during the invasions. He was discharged in December, 1945.