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Development of Facultative Air Breathing in Bristlenose Plecos (Ancistrus cirrhosus)

Data collected on air breathing development in the bristlenose pleco. Bristlenose plecos breath air with a highly vascularized stomach when exposed to aquatic hypoxic conditions. This study looked at the development of this behavior and when the fish fist began to breathe air.
Date: January 2024
Creator: Crowder, Lauren W. & Dzialowski, Edward M. (Edward Michael)
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of appeasement rituals for spirits and ghosts

Mr. Tshering describes how to appease spirits and ghosts with wine, water, and smoke. He uses the count of the rosary to determine remedies for sickness. During the process, he recites the Buddha mantra. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of appeasement rituals for spirits and ghosts

Mr. Tshering describes how to appease spirits and ghosts with wine, water, and smoke. He uses the count of the rosary to determine remedies for sickness. During the process, he recites the Buddha mantra. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of Mamo Zomsa prediction

Mr. Tshering describes the practice Mamo Zomsa (gathering all ghosts) which uses astrology and a rosary to determine the cause of a sickness. The rosary indicates the astrological predictions with different numbers: 3 for sickness caused by the union of Mamo and his family, or 5 for those caused by the Mamo family and servants. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of Mamo Zomsa prediction

Mr. Tshering describes the practice Mamo Zomsa (gathering all ghosts) which uses astrology and a rosary to determine the cause of a sickness. The rosary indicates the astrological predictions with different numbers: 3 for sickness caused by the union of Mamo and his family, or 5 for those caused by the Mamo family and servants. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of fever and body ache causes and remedies

Mr. Tshering describes how he performs divination using the rosary to locate where a person has lost their soul, and who has taken the soul. The count of every rosary indicates different directions, people, things, and events that may cause heavy fever and body ache. Mr. Tshering is originally from Rolam village, and stayed in Thragom village after his second marriage. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of fever and body ache causes and remedies

Mr. Tshering describes how he performs divination using the rosary to locate where a person has lost their soul, and who has taken the soul. The count of every rosary indicates different directions, people, things, and events that may cause heavy fever and body ache. Mr. Tshering is originally from Rolam village, and stayed in Thragom village after his second marriage. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of stomach pain causes and remedies

Mr. Tshering describes how to cure stomach pain caused by malicious spirits. He uses astrological methods to determine if the patient needs modern medical services or needs to appease the spirits to address the pain. Mr. Tshering is originally from Rolam village, and stayed in Thragom village after his second marriage. This recording was made in the evening after the day's work. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of stomach pain causes and remedies

Mr. Tshering describes how to cure stomach pain caused by malicious spirits. He uses astrological methods to determine if the patient needs modern medical services or needs to appease the spirits to address the pain. Mr. Tshering is originally from Rolam village, and stayed in Thragom village after his second marriage. This recording was made in the evening after the day's work. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-07/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of Tshong Tshongma appeasement rituals

Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Tshong Tshongma, the most sacred mountain in Eastern Bhutan. It is accessible only for four months per year due to local customs and myths. At over 4000m, Tshong Tshongma is a very important deity, especially to the people in its vicinity. They appease Tshong Tshongma before making offerings to the other local deities by raising three flags, burning three units of incense, and offering wine. When someone is seriously ill near Tshong Tshongma, they may offer an ox. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of Tshong Tshongma appeasement rituals

Mr. Karma Wangdi describes the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Tshong Tshongma, the most sacred mountain in Eastern Bhutan. It is accessible only for four months per year due to local customs and myths. At over 4000m, Tshong Tshongma is a very important deity, especially to the people in its vicinity. They appease Tshong Tshongma before making offerings to the other local deities by raising three flags, burning three units of incense, and offering wine. When someone is seriously ill near Tshong Tshongma, they may offer an ox. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Conversation and demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

After a casual conversation, Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. He appeases Nêpo, asking him to divert life's obstacles. Partial time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06~
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Conversation and demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

After a casual conversation, Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. He appeases Nêpo, asking him to divert life's obstacles. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06~
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. The name Nêpo is Dakpa for 'guest'. He can be appeased by raising prayer flags using mugwort and offering wine. Also present were Gajay and Wangdi's grandchildren. Partial time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06~
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Demonstration of Nêpo appeasement rituals

Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates the Bon ritual ceremonies used to appease Nêpo, a local ghost or spirit who steals the life force of humans. The name Nêpo is Dakpa for 'guest'. He can be appeased by raising prayer flags using mugwort and offering wine. Also present were Gajay and Wangdi's grandchildren. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06~
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Demonstration of astrological prediction and ritual

Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates astrology prediction and a ritual to heal from poisoning. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Demonstration of astrological prediction and ritual

Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates astrology prediction and a ritual to heal from poisoning. Partial time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description and demonstration of astrological prediction

Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates astrology prediction on Gajay using rice, water, incense, and a rosary. When he dips rice into the water, if there is any spirit harming the patient, then the rice will be scattered at the edges of the bowl. If cursed, the rice will stand upward. He concludes that no spirits are harming Gajay; however, he recommends that Gajay offer appeasement wine to the local deity. Partial time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description and demonstration of astrological prediction

Mr. Karma Wangdi demonstrates astrology prediction on Gajay using rice, water, incense, and a rosary. When he dips rice into the water, if there is any spirit harming the patient, then the rice will be scattered at the edges of the bowl. If cursed, the rice will stand upward. He concludes that no spirits are harming Gajay; however, he recommends that Gajay offer appeasement wine to the local deity. Time-aligned translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description and demonstration of Mamo appeasement rituals

Bonism is a traditional form of worship involving rituals related to healing and the earth. Some Bon rituals are performed only by certain individuals (Bonpos). Bonpo Karma Wangdi demonstrates a ritual appeasement of Mamo (also known as Lamringbu). His wife and extended family are present because they have not seen this ritual performed for the last 15 years. Mr. Wangdi is the last known Bonpo in Chema village in the Trashi Yangste District of Bhutan. He also belongs to the first generation of Dakpa speakers who started speaking Tshangla in their childhood. Partial time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022-06/2023-06
Creator: Tshewang, Tashi
System: The UNT Digital Library

Personal narrative about traveling to Pasighat

Abraham Modi describes his journey from Mariyang to Pasighat to attend the Training and Resources for Indigenous Community Linguists (TRICL) training program held by the Centre for Cultural-Linguistic Diversity Eastern Himalaya (CCLD-EH). Time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022/2023-05
Creator: Modi, Abraham
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of growing pineapples

Abraham Modi describes how he tends to the pineapple garden, using weeding and spacing techniques to grow larger and sweeter pineapples. Time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022/2023-05
Creator: Modi, Abraham
System: The UNT Digital Library

Personal narrative of Abraham Modi

Abraham Modi introduces himself and his family, childhood, and education. He is the 8th of 11 siblings. He describes his daily life and hobbies and his involvement in documenting and preserving Milang language and culture. Time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022/2023-05
Creator: Modi, Abraham
System: The UNT Digital Library

Description of harvesting fern trees, part 12

Abraham, Longdi, and Rilung Modi discuss the fern tree (Tatchi) harvest near Peki Modi village in Upper Siang District of Arunachal Pradesh. In this final step, they prepare the fern tree for eating by roasting it over the fire. Longdi Modi describes the process, comparing it to preparing roti. They discuss recipes and other foods prepared with the fern tree, such as meats and vegetables. Time-aligned transcription and translation into English.
Date: 2022/2023-05
Creator: Modi, Abraham
System: The UNT Digital Library