Technical report about the liquidus curve for the nuclear reactors bismuth-uranium system and the need for a suitable container for this fuel.

Technical report outlining a preliminary design for carrying out the process of producing U233 from Th232.

A new colorimetric method for the determination of cholesterol has been investigated. It makes use of the relatively stable green color given by a purified digitonin precipitate with the anthrone reagent of Dreywood. Equal precision can be obtained with the new method using 1/10 or less of the quantity of material required for present colorimetric methods.

Human iron metabolism has been extensively studied in the past twenty-five years with the radioisotopes iron⁵⁵ and iron⁵⁹. Before the availability of the whole body counter, however, iron absorption studies were performed by the indirect methods of fecal assay of unabsorbed radioiron, and estimation of red cell incorporation of absorbed tracer. The few long-term excretion studies performed required numerous assumptions, since human iron excretion was less well understood. Whole body counting provides a simple and accurate method of measuring the total body retention of administrative tracer iron⁵⁹, thus making absorption and subsequent excretion determinations possible with a single radioiron study. The energetic gamma emissions of iron⁵⁹ permit ready external detection with small quantities of isotope, Normal radioiron distribution is uniform throughout the circulating red cell mass and thus minimize geometry influences on the counting efficiency, 0nly the 45.1 day half-life of iron⁵⁹ limits long term iron turnover studies. Measurements of iron⁵⁹ absorption and long-term body turnover have been under way at Brookhaven National Laboratory for over two years. The present paper outlines some of the results of these studies, and discusses some implications of the method.

During a visit to Professor H.G. Harb at the University of Wisconsin, it was apparent that he had succeeded in obtaining fresh, clean chemisorptive layers of titanium by sublimation and chat that this could be adapted into an effective high vacuum pump. Two previous techniques of obtaining a chemisorptive layer of titanium, namely catholic sputtering and evaporation from the liquid droplet, have been extensively investigated and reported. Each of these seem to have inherent difficulties in stability and continuity of operation that appear to be eliminated or effectively reduced by the sublimation procedure. A development program was started at Brookhaven National Laboratory to investigate the possibilities of each sublimation of titanium as opposed to evaporation from the liquid.

The alternating-gradient proton synchrotrons at CERN and Brookhaven are very similar in size, design and in their experimental use. For this reason, collaboration between the groups at CERN and Brookhaven has been close throughout the history of these two machines. For the most part this has taken the form of exchanges of visits of individual machine designers and of high-energy physicists. By 1962, however, it appeared that the reciprocal flow of information was not adequate and a more formal meeting was arranged. This meeting took place at Brookhaven during the week of September 10, 1962. CERN sent a representative group of machine physicists and high-energy physicists. The meeting was attended also by observers from several American high-energy installations. The discussion covered a wide range of topics, from operating characteristics of the machines themselves to future trends in design of experimental equipment. Plans for beam ejection were presented, techniques were described for better use of secondary beams from internal targets, progress was summarized on dc and rf particle separators. and future trends in neutrino experimentation were predicted.

Iron containing approximately 0.01 wt. % carbon was quenched from 700°C and irradiated in the BNL reactor at 57°C for various lengths of time. The rate of decay of the Snoek internal friction peak was observed at 57°C after irradiation. After a 4-hour irradiation the rate of decay of the peak was one order of magnitude faster than the rate of decay in an unirradiated specimen. Longer irradiation times up to 48 hours caused no further acceleration of the decay rate. This observation implies that in the irradiated specimens there are ten times more precipitation nuclei than in the unirradiated specimens. This is confirmed by electron microscope studies which also show a factor of ten greater concentration of precipitate particles in specimens irradiated for 5 hours at 57°C as compared to an equivalent unirradiated specimen. Electron microscope studies also show that longer irradiation times do not increase further this number of precipitates. Although these experiments clearly demonstrate the enhancement of nucleation by neutron irradiation, it is not known why the incipient nuclei created by irradiation times of longer than 5 hours do not form observable precipitate particles.

Report issued by the Brookhaven National Laboratory discussing the Emergency Radiological Monitoring Team. Equipment, training, and personnel required for the team is presented. This report includes tables, illustrations, and photographs.

When the Brookhaven AGS started operation in the summer of 1960 very little experience with targeting in strong focusing proton synchrotrons was available. While it was evident that targeting techniques would differ markedly from those used in weak focusing machines, only actual running experience would set the proper parameters for a truly satisfactory targeting system. It was, therefore, an advantage that temporary targeting devices were used initially. Work on a more permanent system was not started until the summer of 1961, and the first component of the system installed in January 1962. While further refinements are still continuing the essential features of this targeting system have now sufficiently proven themselves in actual operation to remain unchanged. This system in its present form is the subject of the first portion of this paper.

The subject of this paper is the experimental and technical aspects of the measurements of nuclear resonance parameters. I will confine my remarks to those reactions induced by low energy neutrons, i.e. neutrons of less than approximately 100 kilovolts. The bulk of these measurements have been performed by neutron time-of-flight techniques, and I will direct my attention to these techniques. The first half of this discussion will concern the apparatus with which these measurements are made; the second part will be a discussion of the various experiments by which these parameters are measured, with an emphasis in both areas of discussion on relatively recent developments in the field.

The BNL cold neutron facility has been used to obtain inelastic scattering cross section data from three first-row transition elements, titanium, vanadium, and nickel, and a random binary alloy Ti.67-Zr.33. From the data, we have computed vibrational frequency distributions exhibit peaks corresponding to major critical points. A comparison of the distributions from the different samples leads to the following conclusions: 1) The shape of the frequency distributions of the b.c.c. metal (V) and f.c.c. metal (Ni) are remarkably similar, the relative positions of the critical points being the same for both; 2) The frequency distribution of the h.c.p. metal (Ti), which has two atoms per primitive cell, shows structure corresponding to acoustical and "optical" modes of vibration; 3) The titanium-zirconium alloy has the h.c.p. structure, and its experimental frequency distribution is similar to that of titanium, except at low frequencies where alloying with the heavier mass zirconium atoms tends to smear out the peaks corresponding to acoustical modes. Measured frequency distributions were obtained for the titanium-zirconium alloy slightly above and below the critical temperature for the phase transition to b.c.c. structure. The frequency distributions in the two phases are different, the most striking feature being a shift of the high …

100% recovery of uranium from pyrolytic carbon-coated spheroids of uranium dicarbide has been accomplished by an aqueous electrolytic process at the small scale laboratory level. This result was obtained in a system which circulated 1 molar nitric acid through a thin bed of the spheres. The bed was supported between a glass frit and the anode, with which the bed was in contact. The anode was a spiral of platinum wire; the cathode was a grid of titanium wire. Current density was about 0.2 amp/cm2 based on geometric surface area calculated from the average particle size of 150 microns. Initial flow rate was about 1.3 ml/cm2/sec. Reaction temperature was 72-82°C; time was 15 hours. At 1/5 the above current density and at the same temperature recovery was smaller and was independent of concentration of nitric acid over the range 1-4 molar; also recovery in 1 molar ammonium nitrate was about the same as in 1 molar HNO3. About a 100-fold increase in recovery was obtained by going from a convection stirred cell at 90°C to the pumped type of cell at 54°C using ammonium nitrate as the electrolyte.