Conference paper reporting results of the examination of metadata records for Arabic-language eBooks to support ongoing metadata education in the Arabian Gulf region. The results are presented in-context, after introducing the metadata teaching practices at this undergraduate program, and the major Dublin Core skill-building assignment. This is a manuscript version of a published work. Citation information is available for the published version of the work.

Conference paper for an exploratory study that examined student-created metadata for physical non-text resources. The authors applied in-depth qualitative and quantitative content analysis to the Dublin Core (DCTERMS) metadata created by the graduate students in two sections of an introductory digital library metadata course. Finding of comparative analysis for the asynchronous course section and the section with synchronous class meetings are also presented. Implications are discussed, along with future directions for research. This is a manuscript version of a published work. Citation information is available for the published version of the

Article describes how the authors' study sought to leverage machine learning approaches to determine whether social determinants of health improve prediction of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). Participants in the Jackson Heart study with no history of CVD at baseline were followed over a 10-year period to determine first CVD events.

Chote Tshering and Lama Tshering, two respected lay monks, discuss Kharam, a curse associated with gossip, and rituals performed to ward off the curse. They say the Kharam ritual in Bön is quite amazing. They build a Kharam Shang (a wooden target made of Rhus Chinensis). They will place that target inside the house and shoot the arrow into it.

Lama Tshering and Chote Tshering discuss the recent increase in the practice of Kha Bön, where people are appeasing the malicious spirit without formal training. They are seen offering flour mixed with meat, fermented sometimes without meat, and fermented wine to appease spirits that affect us. They say some even perform Bön Nag, where animal sacrifices are required.

Cheten Tshering and Lama Tshering discuss how Bön considers Guru Rinpoche, using informal language when talking about him. They discuss why eggs are offered in Bön, why pork is forbidden, and the instruments used in Bön traditions. They say that, to fulfill wishes, it is best to pay homage, but for ultimate enlightenment, one must practice Buddhism.

Lama Tshering and Chote Tshering discuss how eggs are offered in the Bön ritual to symbolize the heart of a head of the family (usually the mother). In the Bön ritual, garlic, pork, and spring onion are forbidden. They say Shergain Mewang is the wrathful form, whereas Sherab Mebar is the peaceful form. If the people practicing Bön have a sudden sickness, then they offer a butter lamp and cash as an offering to him to recover instantly.

Lama Tshering and Chote Tshering discuss Kharam, a curse associated with gossip, and rituals performed to ward off the curse. It is considered dangerous to one's health. In Bönism, a lead master will mold a ritual cake and perform a ritual ceremony to ward off these spirits. He will slice the cake and foretell the ritual ceremonies that need to be performed.

Kale Narzary is a farmer who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 55 years old at the time of recording. He tells about the loss of his domestic animals in the recent flood. He somehow managed to save his pig and piglets. He has lost all his land to the erosion of the river. Now, as a result of the flood, he became landless and he is now a daily wage laborer. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Dipen Brahma is a daily laborer who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 65 years old at the time of recording. He says he was living happily in the village for decades, but the recent flood has changed his life. He cultivated jute, rice, etc., but the recent flood has destroyed everything and the land is also eroded by the river. He says now he doesn't have any agricultural land for cultivation. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Dipen Brahma is a daily laborer who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 65 years old at the time of recording. He says he was living happily in the village for decades, but the recent flood has changed his life. He cultivated jute, rice, etc., but the recent flood has destroyed everything and the land is also eroded by the river. He says now he doesn't have any agricultural land for cultivation. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Nila Basumatary is a home maker who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 55 years old at the time of recording. Her 10 bigha land was eroded by the recent flood. Every year due to the flood they have to take shelter in another place during the rainy season. They stayed almost two months in the relief camps. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Nila Basumatary is a home maker who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 55 years old at the time of recording. Her 10 bigha land was eroded by the recent flood. Every year due to the flood they have to take shelter in another place during the rainy season. They stayed almost two months in the relief camps. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Mahen Basumatary is a farmer who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 42 years old at the time of recording. He describes how he survived the recent flood. His wife was sick during the time of the flood. He somehow managed to save his wife. His wife couldn't walk and he carried his wife on his back to a safe place. Wild elephants also frequently come to his house in search of food. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Mahen Basumatary is a farmer who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 42 years old at the time of recording. He describes how he survived the recent flood. His wife was sick during the time of the flood. He somehow managed to save his wife. His wife couldn't walk and he carried his wife on his back to a safe place. Wild elephants also frequently come to his house in search of food. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Uday Basumatary is a farmer who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 40 years old at the time of recording. Most of the agricultural land he owned now is eroded by rivers. Earlier he had 15 bighas of land, but almost all the land is eroded by flood water. Now his home is only 50 meters away from the river and he has shifted his house to another place. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Uday Basumatary is a farmer who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 40 years old at the time of recording. Most of the agricultural land he owned now is eroded by rivers. Earlier he had 15 bighas of land, but almost all the land is eroded by flood water. Now his home is only 50 meters away from the river and he has shifted his house to another place. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Swmkhang Narzary is a daily laborer who speaks Hindi and Assamese in addition to Boro, 27 years old at the time of recording. He tells about the loss of his land. He says that the river is about to reach his village by eroding day by day, and that 50 houses of his village were damaged in recent floods. He tells that when it rains in Bhutan hills, a sudden flood comes into their village. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Swmkhang Narzary is a daily laborer who speaks Hindi and Assamese in addition to Boro, 27 years old at the time of recording. He tells about the loss of his land. He says that the river is about to reach his village by eroding day by day, and that 50 houses of his village were damaged in recent floods. He tells that when it rains in Bhutan hills, a sudden flood comes into their village. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Lachit Basumatary is a daily laborer who speaks Hindi and Assamese in addition to Boro, 31 years old at the time of recording. He describes how he saved fellow villagers during the time flood. He cultivated rice and jute crops, but flood water destroyed everything and didn't get anything. His house's walls also got damaged, and his house is now only 50 meters away from the river. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Lachit Basumatary is a daily laborer who speaks Hindi and Assamese in addition to Boro, 31 years old at the time of recording. He describes how he saved fellow villagers during the time flood. He cultivated rice and jute crops, but flood water destroyed everything and didn't get anything. His house's walls also got damaged, and his house is now only 50 meters away from the river. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Dharendra Basumatary is a businessman with a BA-level education who speaks Hindi and Assamese in addition to Boro, 48 years old at the time of recording. He describes how the Bur river is destroying their village. The Bur river (also called Nizla river) comes from the Bhutan hills and it passes through their village. Nizla river eroded most of the lands of his village. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Dharendra Basumatary is a businessman with a BA-level education who speaks Hindi and Assamese in addition to Boro, 48 years old at the time of recording. He describes how the Bur river is destroying their village. The Bur river (also called Nizla river) comes from the Bhutan hills and it passes through their village. Nizla river eroded most of the lands of his village. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.

Donda Basumatary is a farmer who speaks Assamese in addition to Boro, 61 years old at the time of recording. He talks about the loss of his property due to the flood. He is worried about the future generation of his village as most of the cultivable land is converted into a desert. He believes that until and unless the government doesn't build protection on the river bank, they will keep suffering in the future too. Recorded in Laokhriguri village, Deosri.