A comprehensive document shedding light on the intricacies of the change in recommended schools. Accompanied by an attached document outlining the revised recommendations for Annenberg Arts Partner Schools, this detailed report provides insights into the considerations, rationale, and strategic adjustments made in the selection process.

Thermal oxidation of graphite in flowing CO2 is being studied at 650 to 850 C, in a single-pass gas system at atmospheric pressure, by observing weight loss rates. The method is used to provide comparative data for candidate reactor graphites. The effects on oxidation rates of graphite purity, structure, coke type, graphitization temperatures and other manufacturing variables are determined. In addition, the effects of gas flow rates and graphite surface to volume ratios are observed.

It is anticipated that neptunium will be recovered in the Purex process by solvent extraction or ion exchange methods as a nitric acid solution of greater than 0.1 g. Np/1 and containing varying amounts of fission products, plutonium, uranium, and thorium, including Th234 (UX1). At the present time this solution is thermally concentrated in the Purex L-cell package to several grams of neptunium per liter. In this operation the solution is contaminated rather badly with plutonium and stainless steel corrosion products. The present specifications are for the neptunium final product to contain less than 0.1 weight percent plutonium, to be relatively free of gross metallic contaminates, and to be low enough in fission product game activity and Th234-Pa234 (UX1-UX2) beta activity to be handled without resorting to remote techniques.

Nuclear excavation is the name given to the concept of using large scale nuclear explosion craters for useful projects, such as harbors, canals, and roadway cuts. It is one of the principal applications of the Plowshare Program for industrial, or peaceful, uses of nuclear explosives. Plowshare is sponsored by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and is under the technical direction of the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory at Livermore, California. The purpose of this paper is to describe cratering concepts and the present state of nuclear excavation technology. The general nature of the safety hazards associated with nuclear excavation are also discussed.

A portable, light weight transistorized alpha, beta, and gamma survey meter was designed and fabricated.

This report describes the City two types of long-term debt: General Obligation Debt and Revenue Bond Debt. The City also differentiates between tax-supported and revenue-supported debt to provide the public with a clear understanding of what debt will be paid by property taxes versus rate revenues. However, Data provided in this report is as of the date of publication and constitutes existing long-term debt obligations only. This report does not include forward looking statements nor does it include debt that may be incurred in the future. Interested parties should refer to the City’s audited financial statements and other disclosure documents when investing.

The temperature coefficient is calculated for various lattice arrangements, taking into account the variation of [formula], suggested by Fermi. Four contributions are included: leakage, levelling of the dip in thermal neutron density in the lump, resonance absorption, and hardening of the neutrons as they penetrate a metal lump. The departure of neutron temperature from lattice temperature decreases the total coefficient. Values are given for 3 typical piles; in general, the larger the uranium elements, the less stable the pile. A rod lattice tends to be more stable. A pile with metal lumps over 50 lbs. will be unstable.

The average energies of neutrons emitted from a graphite column at 22 degrees C were compared by measurement of the cross section of boron for neutrons which are stopped by cadmium. At a distance from the neutron source great enough to insure that the neutrons were in thermal equilibrium the average energies of the emerging neutrons were found to be proportional to the temperature within the limits of the experimental error. A measurement made with boron absorbers which had been thus standardized in the graphite column indicated neutrons emerging from the chain reacting pile to have an average temperature approximate 60 +- 50 degrees above that of thermal neutrons emerging from the graphite column at 22 degrees C. Such a measurement made inside the chain reacting pile indicated the average temperature of neutrons therein to be about 65 degrees +- 15 degrees above the average temperature of neutrons in the graphite column.

Abstract. A review of all work on uranium hydride published in the CC, CT, CN and CE reports to January 1, 1944, is presented. Some additional information not yet published has been included, so this report includes all data known from the above sources and at Ames to the above date. This report supersedes all previous report on uranium hydride coming out of the Ames laboratory.

Capital stock tax return of 1937 for Texas Cotton Industries. The return includes all necessary schedules.

Report on an analysis and audit of Bell Northern Research's study of Texas' telecommunications systems.

The annotated bibliography is divided into sections on chemistry and geochemistry, migration and accumulation, cultural distributions, natural distributions, and bibliographies and annual reviews. (LK)

The numeric and text processor of the MASTER CONTROL (MCP) data-base-management system permits the user to define fields and arrays that are functionally dependent on the data retained in a data base. This allows the storage of only the essential and unique information and data, and the calculation of derivable quantities as required. The derived quantity can be expressed as an arithmetic expression, that is, a functional relationship. Functions can be multiply subscripted and can be embedded within other functions at up to 58 levels. They can be stored either semi-permanently in a repertoire of functional relations, or they can be defined interactively from a terminal and used immediately for searching on the derived value. The processor also permits the conversion of literal strings into numbers, and vice versa. In addition, the user can define dictionaries that allow the expansion of keyed sentinels associated with records in the data base into fully descriptive expressions. This option can be used for cost-effective searching and data compaction. The functional definitions are reduced to Polish notation and stored in a disk file from which they are either retrieved on demand and evaluated according to the data of records specified or used in any …

During 1976, new Mirror Program plans have been laid out to take into account the significant advances during the last 18 months. The program is now focused on two new mirror concepts, field reversal and the tandem mirror, that can obtain high Q, defined as the ratio of fusion power output to the neutral-beam power injected to sustain the reaction. Theoretically, both concepts can attain Q = 5 or more, as compared to Q = 1 in previous mirror designs. Experimental planning for the next 5 years is complete in broad outline, and we are turning attention to what additional steps are necessary to reach our long-range goal of an experimental mirror reactor operating by 1990. Highlights of the events that have led to the above circumstance are listed, and experimental program plans are outlined.

In the fall of 1988 the Beam Position Monitor (BPM) Task Force recommended that linac BPM processors be pulled out of the linac, modified, adjusted for offsets, recalibrated, and reinstalled. As of the end of 1989 this process had been completed on all linac type BPM processors. This paper discusses these modifications and tests.

February report of the U.S. Congressional Oversight Panel describing their activities and findings regarding the restriction and implementation of the U.S. Treasury's Troubled Asset Relief Program(TARP).

Adoption of hydrogen (H{sub 2}) vehicles has been advocated for decades as an ecological ideal, capable of eliminating petroleum consumption as well as tail-pipe air pollution and carbon dioxide (CO{sub 2}) from automobiles. Storing sufficient hydrogen fuel onboard still remains a great technological challenge, despite recent advances in lightweight automotive materials, hybrid-electric drivetrains and fuel cells enabling 60-100 mpg equivalent H{sub 2}-fueled automobiles. Future onboard hydrogen storage choices will be pivotal, with lasting strategic consequences for the eventual scale, shape, security, investment requirements, and energy intensity of the H{sub 2} refueling infrastructure, in addition to impacts on automotive design, cost, range, performance, and safety. Multiple hydrogen storage approaches have been examined and deployed onboard prototype automobiles since the 1970's. These include storing H{sub 2} as a cryogenic liquid (LH{sub 2}) at temperatures of 20-25 Kelvin, compressing room temperature H{sub 2} gas to pressures as high as 10,000 psi, and reversible chemical absorption storage within powdered metal hydrides (e.g. LaNi{sub 5}H{sub 6}, TiFeH{sub 2}, MgH{sub 2}, NaAlH{sub 4}) which evolve H{sub 2} when warmed. Each of these approaches face well-known fundamental physical limits (thermal endurance, volume, and weight, respectively). This report details preliminary experiments investigating the potential of a new approach …

Double-shell ignition is complementary to the baseline approach by virtue of not requiring: (1) cryogenic preparation and fielding, (2) high-contrast pulse-shaping for shock-timing, and (3) demanding x-ray flux symmetry control. The use of simpler low-contrast pulse-shaping potentially allows more benign hohlraum conditions by reducing the risk of laser backscatter. In addition, the associated higher laser fluence threshold for optics damage initiation allows the possibility of more routine high-fluence shots with 2{omega} on the NIF. Based on LDRD-sponsored research in FY01-03 on NIF double-shell ignition target designs, the feasibility of this approach was advanced through both a highly successful implosion campaign on the Omega laser facility and a variety of design improvements for mitigating instability. The double-shell implosion campaign on Omega achieved the important milestone of repeatably demonstrating dominant primary (2.45 MeV) neutron production from the mix-susceptible compressional phase of a double-shell implosion, using fall-line design optimization and exacting fabrication standards. Showing effective control of fuel-pusher mix during final compression is an essential element for achieving ignition. In our studies to control mix by reducing hydrodynamic instability a new pathway for destructive Rayleigh-Taylor growth on the outer surface of the inner shell at ignition scales was identified. However, highly resolved multi-mode …

(1,2-naphtho)(1,8-naphtho)thioindigo (PNT) has been synthesized following a simple Friedel-Crafts route and its photochemical properties in toluene and PMMA characterized. PNT is a photochromic molecule capable of reversible photoisomerization between a yellow form (cis-PNT, {lambda}{sub max} = 484 nm) and a purple form (trans-PNT, {lambda}{sub max} = 595 nm). The stable purple form converts to the yellow form with a trans-PNT to cis-PNT conversion quantum yield of 0.027 in toluene and 0.062 in PMMA. The unstable yellow form exhibits a cis-PNT to trans-PNT quantum efficiency of conversion of 0.27-0.85 in toluene and 0.17-0.68 PMMA, with highest conversion efficiency occurring in the vicinity of its {lambda}{sub max} of 484 nm. Trans-PNT has a strong fluorescence quantum yield, 0.14 (toluene) and 0.16 (PMMA). For samples prepared photochemically in the cis-PNT form, slow thermal relaxation to the trans form occurs in the dark, with a half life of about 17 hours in toluene (25 C) and even slower, 168 hours, in PMMA. The property of photoswitching between fluorescent and non-fluorescent forms makes this material a candidate for many applications in imaging and data storage. An anomalous excitation profile for the fluorescence from trans-PNT, showing a dip at {approx}600 nm, is an agreement with the …

The primary purposes of this project were to (1) improve and validate the LLNL/IMPACT atmospheric chemistry and aerosol transport model, (2) experimentally analyze size- and time-resolved aerosol measurements taken during spring 2001 in Northern California, and (3) understand the origin of dust impacting Northern California. Under this project, we (1) more than doubled the resolution of the LLNL-IMPACT global atmospheric chemistry and aerosol model (to 1 x 1 degree), (2) added an interactive dust emission algorithm to the IMPACT model in order to simulate observed events, (3) added detailed microphysics to the IMPACT model to calculate the size-distribution of aerosols in terms of mass, (4) analyzed the aerosol mass and elemental composition of the size- and time-resolved aerosol measurements made by our UC Davis collaborators, and (5) determined that the majority of the observed soil dust is from intercontinental transport across the Pacific. A detailed report on this project is in the attached document ''Impact of Long-Range Dust Transport on Northern California in Spring 2002'' (UCRL-TR-209597), except for the addition of aerosol microphysics, which is covered in the attached document ''Implementation of the Missing Aerosol Physics into LLNL IMPACT'' (UCRL-TR-209568). In addition to the technical results, this project has (1) …

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In this patent application we wish to claim the following approach to ameliorating spontaneous amplified emission (ASE) that occurs in a laser amplifier slab. There are two important elements of our approach. We wish to claim the application of both together but not either one alone. (1) The first element of the invention is to roughen the edge surfaces of the amplifier slab. A rough surface with random planar features larger than the wavelength of light will reflect and refract incident light rays at angles different than the median plane of the surface. The rough surface can then be characterized by two parameters. First there is a distribution of heights about the zero mean plane of the surface. If normal this distribution is characterized by a standard deviation. The second parameter is the correlation distance that describes how close together on average are the peaks and valleys. The ratio of these two numbers determines the spread of light reflected off the surface of the edge of the slab. (2) The second element in our invention is to bond the roughened edges of the gain medium to an ASE absorbing media using a suitable bonding agent. In order for the ASE …

It has been well documented that spectacular dust storms in Asia (e.g. the events in 1998 and 2001) can affect the USA through long-range transport of dust across the Pacific. However, our observations and modeling show that the majority of dust at sites in Lassen National Park and Trinity Alps (Northern California) in spring 2002 (a year with no spectacular Asian dust events) is still from long-range intercontinental transport across the Pacific. We implemented the interactive dust emission algorithm of Ginoux et al. (2004) into the LLNL 3-D global atmospheric chemistry and aerosol transport model (IMPACT), then ran the model using a separate tracer for each dust emission region, using hi-resolution (1 x 1 degree) meteorological data from the NASA GMAO GEOS-3 assimilation system for 2001 and 2002. We also experimentally analyzed size- and time-resolved aerosol samples at Lassen National Park and Trinity Alps in the spring of 2002, which were taken as part of NOAA's ITCT 2k2 measurement campaign. The model-predicted time-series of soil dust over Northern California agrees remarkably well with our measurements, with a strong temporal correlation between the observations and intercontinental transport of dust across the Pacific in the model. Hence, we conclude that the majority …

The scaling behavior of basic earthquake source parameters such as the energy release per unit area of fault slip, quantitatively measured as the apparent stress, is currently in dispute. There are compelling studies that show apparent stress is constant over a wide range of moments (e.g. Choy and Boatwright, 1995; McGarr, 1999; Ide and Beroza, 2001, Ide et al. 2003). Other equally compelling studies find the apparent stress increases with moment (e.g. Kanamori et al., 1993; Abercrombie, 1995; Mayeda and Walter, 1996; Izutani and Kanamori, 2001; Richardson and Jordan, 2002). The resolution of this issue is complicated by the difficulty of accurately accounting for attenuation, radiation inhomogeneities, bandwidth and determining the seismic energy radiated by earthquakes over a wide range of event sizes in a consistent manner. As one part of our LDRD project we convened a one-day workshop on July 24, 2003 in Livermore to review the current state of knowledge on this topic and discuss possible methods of resolution with many of the world's foremost experts.