This is an analytical discussion — in Urdu — on a drama titled – Gharphū̃kan patōh (Eng. spendthrift daughter-in-law). It depicts a typical rural life of the North Indian plains where a woman and her family are very much sick of the misdeeds of the daughter-in-law because she is very spendthrift! Naazli helps Maaz understand some unfamiliar words and guides him through some of the sentences while she was sewing some clothes on the sewing machine.

This is a video recording of an interview type conversation between the researcher and Aquil Ahmad on the current BJP government and its policies. At the researcher’s request, Aquil Ahmad presents his critical views related to the present Government, its policies, and its supporters and voters.

This is a video recording of a conversation of Aquil Ahmad at his farm with the farm laborers and when visiting his farms. The conversation starts with Mr. Aquil introducing and enumerating the benefits of technology in agriculture, such as the ‘Superseeder’ machine that plows the stubble left after harvesting and sows the seeds. Then he directs his workers on how to scatter the seeds and fertilizer. After that, Mr. Musafir arrives, and Mr. Aquil discusses the various farm produce in recent years and the required efforts and challenges involved. Then he asks Mr. Musafir to share his personal accounts with the researcher. Mr. Aquil too shares his personal experiences from the past. Later on, they both talk about political issues.

This is a conversation initially between Munni, her sister, Maaz, and his uncle when they visit her home in Ladhuwāī̃ village. Munni is the wife of Naushad, who has worked with the Maaz’s family for several decades. After a while, Mr. Naushad arrives, and he too joins the conversation.

This is a conversation between four-five people. Maaz — accompanied by his father — visits his (late) paternal grandmother’s ancestral home in Mande village. His father and his grandmother’s sister-in-law have a conversation which was joined by her relatives too. Maaz finds the conversation quite interesting and decides to record it. It ranges from a discussion on the modern age and its issues on family members, religion, current issues, politics, etc.

This is a conversation in Ḍhilaī̃ village, situated nearby Fatehpūr, in the Maū district of UP, taking place in the Eastern dialect of Azamgarhi. The conversation begins with some issues in the selling of the current year’s harvest of paddy. Then the speakers move on to talking on matters of relatives.

This is a conversation primarily with Mr. Akhlaque. After recording some conversations in Rāmpūr village, the researcher learns the language of the Muslims to be Bhojpuri and almost the same as that of the Hindu population, unlike that in Fatehpūr. He then moves near to Mr. Akhlaque to enquire about this. Mr. Jameel then joins the conversation and adds his opinion on the ongoing topic.

This is a conversation primarily with Mr. Jameel, the former and currently contesting Pardhān (village head) of Rāmpūr village. Mr. Jameel explains to Maaz the presence of dichotomy in speech among the population of Azamgarh and the variety spoken in Rāmpūr and other nearby Muslim-dominated villages. In the last part of the recording, Mr. Jameel talks with a villager who passes by.

This is a recording of a conversation while cleaning fishes. There was some conversation between women who were cleaning fishes. In order to get natural data, Maaz goes near to them, sits, and starts recording without alerting them. Suddenly as few seconds pass, one of them alerts, and everyone takes a surprise! But a few moments later, they become comfortable with it. They then start imitating and mocking the far northern variety of Azamgarhi spoken in Dewārā, the flood plain area of the Ghaghra river in the northern part of Azamgarh.

This is a video recording of a conversation between Nazneen Shaikh — a semi-speaker of the Azamgarhi language — and Safwan Shaikh, a native Azamgarhi speaking child. Safwan is practicing writing the Arabic alphabet on a wooden writing board as homework given by his Maulānā of the Madrasāh. Nazneen seems interested in this and keenly observes his writing while making a video of him. She asks a few questions to Safwan and directs him. Safwan — still a beginner — struggles with writing and messes up while each time laughing at his own mistakes. Nazneen guides him through. Finally, the disconnection of the electricity supply puts an end to the video.

This is a conversation in (Pharaī) Chāndpūr village situated in the Maū district of UP, between Irfan Ahmad Usmani, Maaz Shaikh and his uncle Saeeduz Zafar Ali. The conversation begins with a discussion on the variety of Azamgarhi spoken in this village and continues to the Azamgarhi language and thereafter to the different local vernaculars spoken in Eastern UP and Bihar. Further, Mr. Usmani describes the village, its iconic location due to it being situated near the banks of a tributary (Pharaī in Azamgarhi) of the Ghāgrā river, and its unique tongue. Then, the conversation moves on to a discussion on relatives. Later on, his sister too joins the conversation.

This is a conversation between four people in Sonwārā, the researcher’s village. Maaz, accompanied by his cousin Noman, visits Shahida Bano to document some folk songs mostly sung on the occasion of marriages. Rehana Bano—the neighbor of Shahida Bano—on noticing some folksongs being sung and recording taking place, joins the gathering at the request of Shahida. Maaz and Noman then ask her to brief them on topics such as changing times, a description of the demography of the village Sonwārā, the languages/ varieties spoken by Muslims and Hindus. Meanwhile, Maaz—on having noticed Shahida’s language to match with Bhojpuri than Azamgarhi—starts records the ongoing conversation. Shahida then extends the conversation to cover family members and some significant events along with some personal narratives. While Shahida Bano talks in Bhojpuri, the other people converse in Azamgarhi.

Video recording of Sher Ahmad having a discussion in Urdu.

This is a conversation in Karmainī village, situated in the floodplains of the Ghaghra river in North of Azamgarh, with the women of the Naṭ community. They hail from a nearby village named Nakkīb Khojaulī, and identify themselves as (Sunni) Muslims. Badrun Nisa and Sharfun Nisa start by describing why they’ve come to Karmaini. Mateenuddin, Maaz’s grandfather, asks them to narrate how their community was provided with essential supplies during lockdown due to COVID-19. They do so, after which Sharfun Nisa sings a song on demonetization and the problems faced because of it. They then give information about their village and its demography.

Video of Muhibuddin describing (in Urdu) a traditional Burusho house in the village Sultanabad, Gilgit.

Recording of Muhib Uddin Hunzai, a speaker of Hunza Burushaski from Gilgit, describing a traditional house of Hunza. The recording was made in Danyor, a small village near Gilgit town.

Recording of Naseema Ali translating Ruqayya's recipes for čʰap-šuro, diram-phiṭi, and mulo-šuro from Burushaski into Urdu.

Recording of Piar Karim and Naseema Ali explaining recipes for suančale hoi, garma, and mul given by Ruqayya from Nagar Burushaski into Urdu.

Recording of Piar Karim translating the recipes for nagere šarbat, ɣumaldi, and burus ṣapik given by Ruqayya from Nagar Burushaski to Urdu.

Recording of Ghulamuddin Hunzai translating the story Wahdate Shaan into Urdu.

This is a discussion on the popular irrigation systems used in Azamgarh and nearby areas of Purvanchal, Uttar Pradesh state, before the invention of tube wells. This discussion briefly also extends to farming systems and agricultural tools. This discussion was primarily between the researcher and two residents of southern Azamgarh who were distant relatives to the researcher. It took place almost entirely in Urdu, whereas some background noises can be frequently heard in Azamgarhi.

This is a discussion about the language and language varieties spoken in the districts of the Pūrvānchal region of the state of Uttar Pradesh, such as Maū, Balliā, and Āzamgaṛh. The speaker Mr. Maqsood Khan initiates with a short monologue on the election season in his mother tongue Bhojpuri spoken in his village Jogarī. He then proceeds to the varieties spoken in the region as he seems to have excellent knowledge on the same. The monologue then turns into a discussion about the differences of culture and language of Āzamgaṛh and Maū. It then shifts to the state of Urdu in India.

This is a discussion about the language and language varieties spoken in the districts of the Pūrvānchal region of the state of Uttar Pradesh, such as Maū, Balliā, and Āzamgaṛh. The speaker Mr. Maqsood Khan initiates with a short monologue on the election season in his mother tongue Bhojpuri spoken in his village Jogarī. He then proceeds to the varieties spoken in the region as he seems to have excellent knowledge on the same. The monologue then turns into a discussion about the differences of culture and language of Āzamgaṛh and Maū. It then shifts to the state of Urdu in India.

Recording of an analytical discussion of the words "Khajuna" and the word "Phaṭor Ṣape" in Urdu language.