Discusses the use of straight vegetable oil as a diesel fuel and the use of biodiesel as a transportation fuel.

Argonne and Vertec Biosolvents investigated the stability and perfonnance for a number of membrane systems to drive the 'direct process' for pervaporation-assisted esterification to produce lactate esters. As outlined in Figure 1, the target is to produce ammonium lactate by fennentation. After purification and concentration, ammonium lactate is reacted with ethanol to produce the ester. Esterification is a reversible reaction so to drive the reaction forward, the produced ammonia and water must be rapidly separated from the product. The project focused on selecting pervaporation membranes with (1) acid functionality to facilitate ammonia separation and (2) temperature stability to be able to perform that reaction at as high a temperature as possible (Figure 2). Several classes of commercial membrane materials and functionalized membrane materials were surveyed. The most promising materials were evaluated for scale-up to a pre-commercial application. Over 4 million metric tons per year of solvents are consumed in the U.S. for a wide variety of applications. Worldwide the usage exceeds 10 million metric tons per year. Many of these, such as the chlorinated solvents, are environmentally unfriendly; others, such as the ethylene glycol ethers and N Methyl Pyrrolidone (NMP), are toxic or teratogenic, and many other petroleum-derived solvents are …

The magnetic fields on the beam axis of helical undulators for the proposed International Linear Collider (ILC) gamma-ray production were calculated for undulator periods of 10 mm and 12 mm. The calculation assumed the use of low-carbon steel for the magnetic poles and a beam chamber outer diameter of 6.3 mm. Using NbTi superconducting coils at 4.2 K, the on-axis field for a 10-mm-period undulator was 0.62 T at the critical current density. The field for a 12-mm undulator period was 0.95 T, which gives a K value of 1.06. The K value for an 11-mm undulator with Nb{sub 3}Sn superconducting coils was estimated to about 1.1.

A comprehensive document detailing the strategic milestones and progress achieved within the TETAC initiative as of March 2001.

A comprehensive document providing a strategic overview of the progress made within the TETAC initiative as of February 2001.

A comprehensive mid-year report for the Teacher Education through the Arts Consortium (TETAC).

A comprehensive document highlighting the progress report for the Transforming Education Through the Arts Challenge (TETAC) as of January 2001.

A comprehensive document providing a strategic overview of the progress made within the Transforming Education Through the Arts Challenge (TETAC) as of December 2000.

A thorough mentor review conducted by Nancy Walkup, providing insightful evaluations of the teaching practices and performance of Janet Prejean, the math teacher, and Cynde Riddle, the art teacher at North Hi Mount School.

An insightful review conducted by Mentor Nancy Walkup on Janet Prejean's math class at North High Mount School. The review captures observations, feedback, and commendations aimed at providing a comprehensive assessment of Ms. Prejean's teaching methods, classroom management, and overall effectiveness in delivering math education.

A comprehensive document encapsulating the progress made within the TETAC initiative, dated November 2000.

A comprehensive mentor review conducted by Nancy Walkup for educators Camille Hornbeck, Bill Parks, Kari Huse, and Barbara Krishnan at Daggett School.

A documented executive summary, strategically crafted to provide a comprehensive overview of the Semi-Annual Evaluation Report for TETAC in October 2000. The summary encapsulates key findings, strategic insights, and notable outcomes, offering stakeholders a succinct yet thorough understanding of the evaluation's semi-annual progress.

A comprehensive document presenting the Semi-Annual Report of the Evaluation for the TETAC initiative, as of October 2000. The report strategically captures key findings, progress updates, and insights derived from the ongoing evaluation activities, providing a detailed overview of the program's impact and effectiveness at the specified timeframe.

A comprehensive mentor review conducted by Nancy Walkup for educators Camille Hornbeck, Bill Parks, Kari Huse, and Barbara Krishnan at Daggett Middle School.

A detailed review by mentor Nancy Walkup of a Site-Based Team Meeting conducted by Judi Short at Greenbriar Elementary School.

An insightful mentor review document conducted by Nancy Walkup, providing a comprehensive assessment of the professional performance and contributions of Minnie Brown, Bill Parks, Barbara Krishnan, and Carrie Huse at Daggett Middle School.

A detailed review by mentor Nancy Walkup on the recent Site-based Team Meeting held at North Hi Mount Elementary School.

A document detailing the comprehensive expenses report incurred by the National Steering Committee and Consortium Leadership.

A thorough mentor review conducted by Nancy Walkup, assessing the meeting with Cynde Riddle at North Hi Mount Elementary School.

A detailed review of a mentorship meeting held at Daggett Middle School, featuring participants Barbara Krishnan, Kari Huse, and Minnie Brown.

A detailed mentor review conducted by Nancy Walkup, summarizing a meeting held with Judi Short, Joyce Ford, and Sarah Ogle at Greenbriar School. The review encompasses key discussions, insights, and action items arising from the meeting, shedding light on collaborative efforts, mentorship dynamics, and strategic planning for educational initiatives at Greenbriar School.

A comprehensive mentor review conducted by Nancy Walkup, offering valuable insights into the engagement and effectiveness of TCU (Texas Christian University) in Fort Worth during Fort Worth Independent School District (FWISD) District-wide Art Teacher Inservices.

A comprehensive document detailing the strategic milestones achieved as of August 2000 within the Transforming Education Through the Arts Challenge (TETAC).