A crowd of people hands money to a woman draped in a blue, white, and red French flag and wearing a helmet. The woman stands in front of a winged statue of liberty ("La Marseillaise"). The stairs around her are littered with bills, coins, and money bags. A small cherub figure in a helmet sits near the woman's feet.

A soldier holds a flag that says "LIBERTE" over a large globe as if to plant the flag on France. Red liquid drips from Europe and down the exterior of the globe to the ground.

A bearded man in a blue coat and helmet holds a young child in his arms. In front of him, a mother is seated and breastfeeding an infant. The man and child are illustrated in color, while the image of the mother and infant is a black pencil drawing.

In the forefront is a drawing of a drummer boy marching with a look of surprise on his face. Hovering above and behind him is a female figure in a long dress. In the background are soldiers carrying tattered flags.

Illustration of Cardinal Mercier in a gold cape and mitre (headdress). He holds a staff in his left hand. A fallen man is slumped over at his feet and there is a crowd of people behind him, most of whom appear to be women. The Cardinal is depicted in color and the other people are depicted in black & white.

The functioning of an active sub-slab ventilation system (SVS) has been studied successfully with the help of a previously evaluated numerical model. The parameters explored are the permeability of the sub-slab and the gravel placed beneath it, the amplitude of applied pressure at the installation point of the system and the functioning method: depressurization or pressurization. The mechanisms contributing to the success of the two systems are identified. This numerical study shows that the presence of a layer of gravel beneath the sub-slab considerably improves the performance of the SVS. Considered separately from the extremely permeable sub-slabs, the depressurization systems perform better than the pressurization systems. 17 refs. [Francais] Le fonctionnement des Systemes de Ventilation active du Sol (SVS) a ete etudie a l`aide d`un outil numerique precedemment evalue avec succes. Les parametres explores sont les permeabilites du sol et du gravier place sous plancher bas, l`amplitude de la pression appliquee au point d`installation du systeme, et le mode de fonctionnement: Depressurisation ou Pressurisation. Les mecanismes contribuant au succes des deux systemes sont identifies. Cette etude numerique montre que la presence d`une couche de gravier sous plancher bas ameliore de facon considerable les performances des SVS. Mis a part le …

Color poster of two women smiling. The woman on the left is wearing a large black Alsatian headdress ("coiffe alsacienne"). She is raising one arm in the air as if to salute and has her other arm around the shoulder of the other woman. The woman on the right is holding flowers. She wears a white bonnet and a shawl, typical of the region of Lorraine. Both women wear blue-white-and-red rosettes on their headwear. A bird flies at the lower left side of the picture. (Alsace-Lorraine was a part of France ceded to the German Empire in 1871. It was reverted to France at the end of the First World War.)

Naked man wearing sword belt and helmet lunges to the right with sword extended against an eagle and pulling a French flag from its beak.

A white-mustached man resembling Kaiser Wilhelm II, wearing a white helmet and cape, and holding a broken sword, kneels dejectedly with his head down. Above and behind him is held a large group of flags of the Allied states.

Lithograph of 3 soldiers in battle. One is wearing a Scottish uniform with kilt. A tall soldier with a mustache wears a French uniform and holds his helmet in the air. Another in the background wears an olive/khaki uniform (British or U.S.) with helmet, and is pointing a rifle. An explosion can be seen in the background on the left.

Title and Abstract in English, French and German, while paper is in English. The use of manganese as a colorant in ancient glasses has long been recognized and the recent X-ray diffraction measurements of Turner and Rooksby have established that compounds of antimony were used extensively as opacifiers in such glasses. The analysis at Brookhaven National Laboratory of some three hundred ancient western glasses of the second millennium B.C. through the first millennium A.D., of which more than two hundred contained either or both of these elements in sufficiently great concentrations to indicate deliberate additions, not only has provided confirmation of these observation but also evidence that both of these elements were used extensively to counteract discoloration due to iron in glasses intended to be clear and colorless. As is well known in the case of manganese the different behavior of antimony in different glasses appears to depend upon its chemical valence. The technique of decolorizing glass by means of antimony was introduced at about the seventh century B.C. and the similar use of manganese became widespread during the first century A.D. In the following period through the fourth century the alternate or combined use of these decolorants forms an …

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This French-language edition of the journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) changes in international auditing personnel; (2) audit planning; (3) implementing guidelines for INTOSAI auditing standards; (4) recognizing fraud indicators; (5) the Royal Audit Authority of Bhutan; (6) reports in print on auditing; and (7) activities inside INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This French-language edition of the Journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles concerning (1) auditing in the South Pacific, (2) new training infrastructure in the Asian Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions, (3) national responsibilities and and international activities of selected Supreme Audit Institutions, (4) the office of the Auditor General of Mexico, (5) reports in print, and (6) activities within INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This French-language edition of the journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) the XVI International Congress of Supreme Audit Institutions in Montevideo from November 7-14, 1998; (2) supreme audit institutions and the prevention and detection of fraud and corruption; (3) improving public governance through the work of supreme audit institutions and INTOSAI's standing committees and working groups; (4) a meeting of seven regional working groups and their report to Congress; (5) the INTOSAI Development Initiative and the transition of the Secretariat to Norway; and (6) activities within INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This is the French-language edition of the journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) issues concerning auditing in the new century as discussed at the 17th Commonwealth Auditors-General Conference held in Sun City, South Africa in October 1999; (2) efforts to encourage public health services, public works, and technical assistance at the Organization of African Supreme Audit Institutions' 8th General Assembly held in Burkina Faso in October 1999; (3) discussions held by the Organization of Latin American and Caribbean Supreme Audit Institutions' 9th General Assembly in Paraguay; (4) an audit profile on Sierra Leone; and (5) activities within INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This French-language edition of the journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) the European Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions' examination of issues related to the independence of national audit offices; (2) the Dutch government's search for a new form of accountability; (3) the preparedness of Zimbabwe's government for the fiscal year 2000; (4) audit profiles of St. Kitts and Nevis; (5) reports in print on auditing; and (6) activities inside INTOSAI."

Other written product issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "This journal of the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) includes articles regarding: (1) the Food and Agriculture Organization's audit, management, and governance; (2) fighting corruption and fraud; (3) INTOSAI's conference on internal controls; (4) Romania's Court of Audit; (5) reports in print on auditing; and (6) activities inside INTOSAI."

Drawing of two women, one dressed in the traditional shawl and bonnet of the Lorraine region of France, and the other dressed in Alsatian traditional dress and black headdress ("coiffe alsacienne"). They are holding red flowers and flower rings. A cathedral can be seen in the distant background. (Alsace-Lorraine was a part of France ceded to the German Empire in 1871. It was reverted to France at the end of the First World War.)

At right, a French soldier in uniform and helmet holds a French flag. To the left and slightly behind him are two women, one wearing a traditional dress and bonnet of the Lorraine region and the other wearing the traditional dress and headdress of Alsace. The woman from Lorraine brings the flag to her lips as if to kiss it. The top section of the poster contains a portion of the title printed in red, which is partly obscured by laurel branches and a portion of the flag from the lower section.

The top quark has been discovered by CDF and D0 experiments in 1995 at the proton-antiproton collider Tevatron. The amount of data recorded by both experiments makes it possible to accurately study the properties of this quark: its mass is now known to better than 1% accuracy. This thesis describes the measurement of the top pair cross section in the electron muon channel with 4, 3 fb^-1 recorded data between 2006 and 2009 by the D0 experiment. Since the final state included a muon, improvements of some aspects of its identification have been performed : a study of the contamination of the cosmic muons and a study of the quality of the muon tracks. The cross section measurement is in good agreement with the theoretical calculations and the other experimental measurements. This measurement has been used to extract a value for the top quark mass. This method allows for the extraction of a better defined top mass than direct measurements as it depends less on Monte Carlo simulations. The uncertainty on this extracted mass, dominated by the experimental one, is however larger than for direct measurements. In order to decrease this uncertainty, the ratio of the Z boson and …

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The top quark has been discovered in 1995 by CDF and D0 collaborations in proton-antiproton collisions at the Tevatron. The amount of data recorded by both experiments makes it possible to accurately measure the properties of this very massive quark. This thesis is devoted to the measurement of the top pair production cross-section via the strong interaction, in a final state composed of two electrons, two particle jets and missing transverse energy. It is based on a 1 fb{sup -1} data set collected by the D0 experiment between 2002 and 2006. The reconstruction and identification of electrons and jets is of major importance in this analysis, and have been studied in events where a Z boson is produced together with one or more jets. The Z+jets process is indeed the dominant physics background to top pair production in the dielectron final state. The primary goal of this cross-section measurement is to verify Standard Model predictions. In this document, this result is also interpreted to indirectly extract the top quark mass. Moreover, the cross-section measurement is sensitive to new physics such as the existence of a charged Higgs boson. The selection established for the cross-section analysis has been used to search …