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Oral History Interview with Brad Pollard, Brad Pierce, David McClain, and Tom Etoile, June 29, 2016
Mr. Pollard was born and raised in Central Heights, Texas. A relatively young man, he had an easy transition coming out as a gay man. In his parts of the interview, he describes the, discrimination he heard about, what made his time easier in comparison to others, and the changes he has witnessed in the area. Mr. Pierce was born and raised in Wells, Texas. He came out to his family when he was sixteen in the 1980s. He then began a career as a hairdresser in Tyler prior to moving to Alabama and then back to the Nacogdoches area. Mr. Pierce, while he did not experience overt discrimination himself, described the treatment of people he knew in the area. Mr. McClain was raised in Houston, Texas. He served in the military prior to moving to be near family in Nacogdoches in the 1960s, where he worked at a radio station. Mr. McClain, a white, straight man, described his experiences witnessing racism and discrimination against gay men.
Date:
June 29, 2016
Creator:
Howard, Jasmin; May, Meredith; Pollard, Brad; Pierce, David & McClain, Tom
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Brenda Spivey on June 27, 2016.
Discussed her mother's work as a domestic, the family's encounters with racism, her entrepreneurship, and her work on civil rights and black women's empowerment.
Date:
June 27, 2016
Creator:
Grevious, Danielle; Bobadilla, Eladio & Spivey, Brenda
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Bryan Parras.
Bryan Parras was born in 1977 in the East End, a Mexican-American enclave in Houston, TX. His parents, Jesusa Moreno and Juan Parras, played influential roles in his political consciousness. He talks about discrimination and how he has became involved in Nuestra Palabra: Latino Writers Having Their Say as well as the immigrant rights movement. Parras also discusses how the creation of Cesar E. Chavez High School right near the oil refineries in Houston sparked his involvement in the environmental justice movement. He provides an in-depth discussion of how the environmental justice movement has taken him all over the world, particularly in Canada and South American, and how through his organization, Texas Environmental Justice Advocacy Services, he has forged relations with indigenous communities as well as African-American communities.
Date:
June 24, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Parras, Bryan
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Butch Escobedo, June 15, 2016
Butch Escobedo recounted role in the Alonzo I & II decision & political reform in Corpus Christi.
Date:
June 15, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés; Wall, James & Escobedo, Butch
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Calvin Vinson, July 26, 2016
Mr. Vinson was born in Montgomery, Texas and raised in Conroe. He attended Booker T. Washington school and Conroe High, participating in football at both schools. After graduation, he went to work in Houston for a utility company. He returned to Conroe and became very active in political campaigns and community organizations. In his interview, Mr. Vinson described segregation in Conroe, a march in 1968, integration of schools, experiences playing football, discrimination at work, political activism in the African-American community, African-American community organizations, and how Conroe has changed over time.
Date:
July 26, 2016
Creator:
May, Meredith & Vinson, Calvin
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carl and Gloria White, July 7, 2016
Mr. Carl White was born in Conroe and Mrs. Gloria White was born in Willis, Texas in 1957 respectively. After attending segregated schools, both Whites ultimately graduated from desegregated schools. Both Whites experienced workplace discrimination in their careers in a local factory and at the postal office. Mr. White also served as a reserve police officer in Conroe while his father served as one of the first Black police officers in Conroe. Mr. White described being targeted by police in Conroe and other issues with the local criminal justice system. Both Whites were also involved in the efforts to free Clarence Brandley which included marches and other demonstrations. Also, the Whites discussed issues with discrimination in the school system.
Date:
July 7, 2016
Creator:
May, Meredith; Howard, Jasmin; White, Carl & White, Gloria
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carl Walker, July 6, 2016
Mr. Walker discussed growing up in Corpus Christi during the Jim Crow era and desegregation and his career as a minister.
Date:
July 6, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés; Wall, James & Walker, Carl
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carlos Calbillo, June 24, 2016
Carlos Calbillo was born in Magnolia in 1949 and grew up in Pasadena. He began his activism at San Jacinto Community College when he was kicked out for not shaving his beard. In his early college years, he is a part of SDS and the Worker's World Union. Mr. Calbillo became involved with PASSO after meeting Leonel Castillo at an MLK Solidarity March in the Third Ward in 1968. Soon, he is leading voter registration drives in Pasadena, working at the Chicano Training Center, and for VISTA. In the 70s, Mr. Calbillo gravitates to the more millitant Chicano Movement where he becomes involved in writing Papel Chicano and protesting HISD integration policies. He also joins the movement in other areas of the country including California and Colorado. In the latter half of the 70s, Mr. Calbillo began working at a TV station, prompting him to begin a show called "Reflejos del Barrio" and create local documentaries including one about Joe Campos Torres.
Date:
June 24, 2016
Creator:
Calbillo, Carlos; Enriquez, Sandra & Rodriguez, Samantha
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carlos Moore, July 29, 2015
Interview with Carlos Moore, from Fort Worth, Texas. In his interview, he discusses his early life and family history, time in the military, race relations in Fort Worth, labor unions and Democratic party activities.
Date:
July 29, 2015
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Krochmal, Max & Moore, Carlos
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carlos Richardson on June 30, 2016.
Richardson discusses his personal history as an African-American in San Antonio, Texas, learning about the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) in Austin, and creating a branch in San Antonio.
Date:
June 30, 2016
Creator:
Arionus, Steve; Sinta, Vinicio & Richardson, Carlos
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Carol Uranga, July 21, 2016
Carol Uranga was born in 1949 in Marathon, Texas, but she was raised in Alpine, Texas. Growing up in Alpine and later in Pecos, she saw LULAC and the Brown Berets and Raza Unida Party protest and demand civil rights for Mexican Americans. Uranga graduated from central High School in Alpine in 1968. She moved to Pecos, Texas in 1974 when she married. In Pecos she became involved with women’s rights and LULAC, going to various civil rights conferences in other parts of the state. Indeed, Uranga helped organize what was perhaps the first women’s empowerment conference in West Texas, in Pecos in 1976 or 1977. Uranga moved to Odessa in the mid-1980s, where she helped re-start a LULAC chapter. She has since hosted radio shows centered on the Mexican American culture, she has helped start scholarship programs, local cultural events, including the nonprofit Hispanic Heritage of Odessa.
Date:
July 21, 2016
Creator:
Wisely, Karen; Zapata, Joel & Uranga, Carol
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Cedrick Granberry, June 24, 2015
Interview with Cedrick Granberry, a barber and business owner from Tyler, Texas. In his interview, Granberry discusses his early life, his education at Tyler public schools, his experiences with racial discrimination and his involvement with the NAACP.
Date:
June 24, 2015
Creator:
Granberry, Cedirck; Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés; Dulaney, W. Marvin & Bynum, Katherine
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Celestino Mendez, June 16, 2016
Mr. Mendez was born and raised in the San Marcos area, where he attended the "Mexican school". He reminisced on the pervasive discrimination against Mexican Americans during his youth. His studies at Texas State were interrupted by the draft during the Korean War years. Mr. Mendez was a member of a political alliance between Mexican Americans, liberal Anglos and African Americans in San Marcos; this coalition, later called Hays County Independent Party, helped elect some of the first minority public officials in the city. Mr. Mendez was the first Mexican American trustee in the San Marcos school board; during his tenure, he pushed for the integration of the local schools. In the mid 1970s, a cross was burned in his front lawn; the act was attributed to the Ku Klux Klan. Mr. Mendez also reminisced on a major boycott of the San Marcos schools in 1972.
Date:
June 16, 2016
Creator:
Sinta, Vinicio & Mendez, Celestino
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Chance Henson, June 30, 2016
Chance Henson discussed his "coming out" story, his work to help other LGBT members of the community, and particularly his work to found Beaumont's first ever Pride parade/movement.
Date:
June 30, 2016
Creator:
Grevious, Danielle & Henson, Chance
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Charles Lee and Toddrick Proctor, July 21, 2016
Mr. Lee grew up in Conroe. He attended and graduated from Booker T. Washington. In the mid-1960s, he was part of a protest of Walgreen's drug store, demanding integration. He and two others were arrested for their actions and only released when the FBI intervened. Mr. Lee then worked several jobs before becoming a minister. In his interview, he describes segregation in Conroe, police brutality, the Walgreen's march, discrimination at work, Conroe Bible College, interracial relationships, and the continued struggles of the African-American community in Conroe. Mr. Proctor also grew up in Conroe. He attended Conroe's schools, graduated from high school, worked in the timber industry, and became a truck driver. In his interview, Mr. Proctor describes his experience growing up in Conroe in the 1980s and 1990s, the continued prevalence of racial discrimination, Ku Klux Klan recruiting efforts in the 1990s, a riot over Klan activity at the high school in the 1990s, the economic and systemic decline of the historically African-American parts of Conroe, and the many ways Conroe has re-segregated.
Date:
July 21, 2016
Creator:
Lee, Charles; Proctor, Toddrick; May, Meredith & Howard, Jasmin
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Charles Urdy on June 17, 2016.
Urdy talks about his life, politics, his time at Prairie View and student activism there; going to University of Texas as a black graduate student.
Date:
June 17, 2016
Creator:
Arionus, Steve & Urdy , Charles
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Charlotte Stokes, June 24, 2016
Mrs. Stokes was born and raised in Nacogdoches. She is the daughter of Arthur Weaver, the founder of the NAACP in Nacogdoches. She then became a teacher in Washington DC and St. Louis. She returned to Nacogdoches in the late 1970s, where she worked at Head Start. Retired now, she is active in civic organizations, particularly the annual Juneteenth celebration. In her interview, Mrs. Stokes describes her childhood in Nacogdoches, the difficulties of segregation, her father's activism, and the community activism she's been involved in in Nacogdoches since her return in the 1970s.
Date:
June 24, 2016
Creator:
Howard, Jasmine; May, Meredith & Stokes, Charlotte
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Chris Escobar, July 25, 2016
Chris Escobar is an artist activist who does outreach at La Casa de la Cultura in Del Rio. In the interview, he speaks about migrant work, his father as a vaquero, going on the migrant trail, etc. He also speaks about college and the difficulties of being poor and its attendant effects on his studies at St Edwards & UTEP. He talks a little bit about Austin & learning from Raúl Valdez.
Date:
July 25, 2016
Creator:
Sinta, Vinicio; Arionus, Steve & Escobar, Chris
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Chris Reyes Mendeke, July 15, 2016
Cresencia Reyes Mendeke ("Chris") was born in the late 20s and raised in Uvalde during the Great Depression. In her interview, she talked about the strict segregation in the town during those years. She attended a "Mexican school" for her early education, and recalled the neglect and disinterest in educating the Mexican American children. She also talked about her father's role as a benefactor in their neighborhood, and of his relationship with a prominent family of Anglo business owners. After finishing school and working in a local Penney's store for some time, Mendeke married and moved around, as she and her husband looked for opportunities in and out of Uvalde. Eventually, they settled in the Los Angeles area, and found professional work. Later, they became licensed realtors and opened their own office in Buena Park. After several decades, the Mendekes retired and moved back to Uvalde in the eighties, and Chris was determined to get involved in local affairs. She joined the local Democratic party and helped run local campaigns; she was also a ranking member of the Mexican American Democrats (later the Tejano Democrats). In recent years, Mendeke spearheaded the restoration and marking of the Nicolas Street School, the …
Date:
July 15, 2016
Creator:
Sinta, Vinicio; Arionus, Steve & Mendeke, Chris Reyes
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Christina Morales on June 30, 2016.
Christina Morales was born in the East End, a Mexican-American enclave in Houston, TX. As the granddaughter of Felix H. Morales and Angela Morales, she grew up in the Morales Funeral Home and became the director at the young age of twenty-three. Morales discusses the many efforts of her grandparents to provide social services for the Latina/o community. She speaks about how her grandmother was dedicated to philanthropy and how she has become involved in education campaigns through the Morales foundation. Morales also talks about how her grandfather established the first Spanish-language radio station, KLVL, and how it provided news and job advertisements.The Morales Funeral home had to establish their own cemetery because they ran into issues when trying to bury Mexican-Americans in Houston, and what it means for the community to memorialize the many efforts of her grandparents.
Date:
June 30, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Morales, Christina
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Christy Martinez-Garcia, June 14, 2016
Christy Martinez-Garcia was born and raised in Lubbock. She attended Lubbock High School, Lamar University, and completed her degree at Texas Tech University. After college, Martinez-Garcia worked for the Lubbock city government and then for the National Council of La Raza in Washington D.C. Upon her return to Lubbock, Martinez-Garcia sought to counter the local media narrative that mostly only depicted Hispanics as criminals or only immigrants. Thus, she founded the magazine, Latino Lubbock. She also ran for a position in the Lubbock ISD Board of Trustees. Martinez-Garcia has participated in numerous community organizations and was responsible for the naming of Cesar Chavez street in Lubbock as well as having a historical marker for a what once a migrant labor camp.
Date:
June 14, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés & Martinez-Garcia, Christy
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Clarice Watkins, June 25, 2015
Interview with Clarice Watkins, a Justice of the Peace from Marshall, Texas. In the interview, Watkins discusses her background, education, racial violence, community activism, integration, experiences with discrimination, and her radio career.
Date:
June 25, 2015
Creator:
Watkins, Clarice & Bynum, Katherine
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Claude Axel, July 28, 2016
Discussed his career as a minister and an assistant principal in Corpus Christi.
Date:
July 28, 2016
Creator:
Axel, Claude; Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés & Wall, James
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Claude Frost, June 11, 2016
Claude Frost was born in Houston and lived in Clinton Park, a neighborhood near Houston's Ship Channel. He recall's his experiences growing up in the area, and how an instance of police brutality (the killing of his neighbor) sparked his activism. Furthermore, he discusses the role of the Peoples Party II in the community, the Dowling Street Shootout in detail, and the aftermath of Carl Hampton's death. Mr. Frost also discusses how the Black Panther Party was established in Houston and how his work through the BPP influenced his adult life.
Date:
June 11, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Frost, Claude
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History