This analysis is prepared by the Mined Geologic Disposal System (MGDS) Waste Package Development Department in response to a request received via a QAP-3-12 Design Input Data Request (Ref. 5.16) from WAST Design (formerly MRS/MPC Design). The request is to provide: (1) Dryness requirements for the Multi-Purpose Canister (MPC) cavity environment after loading and closure operations at the Purchaser site. The objective of this analysis is to provide a response to the foregoing request. The analysis treats nominal loading conditions only, not accidents or accident conditions. In particular, leaky (waterlogged) fuel rods are not considered. The purpose of this analysis is to provide the basis for the response.

The Department of Energy`s (Department) Strategic Petroleum Reserve (Reserve) is responsible for storing large quantities of crude oil, currently about 592 million barrels, to reduce the impact of any future supply disruptions. The Reserve facilities consist of a marine terminal and five underground storage sites located in Louisiana and Texas, and program and administrative offices in New Orleans and Washington, DC. At May 31, 1994, 1,692 Departmental and contractor personnel were employed in the operation, maintenance, and administration of Reserve activities and the Fiscal Year 1994 Congressional Appropriation was about $207 million. The audit was requested by the Deputy Secretary of Energy to assist Departmental management in evaluating the human resources required to meet Reserve program requirements. Specifically, the objective of the audit was to determine whether current staffing levels for the Reserve were necessary to effectively and efficiently accomplish current and future anticipated mission requirements. The Secretary`s goal of having the Department and its contractors embrace the best management practices in other Government agencies and industry to improve processes and eliminate waste has not been fully realized by Reserve management. We identified industry performance levels and staffing practices that, if achieved by the Reserve, could enable the Reserve to …

The major focus of the project, which is scheduled to occur through December 1995, will be to install and test a 500{number_sign}/hr. fine-coal cleaning circuit at DOE`s Process Research Facility (PRF), located at the Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center (PETC). The circuit will utilize an extremely fine, micron-sized magnetite media and small diameter cyclones to make efficient density separations on minus-28-Mesh coal. The overall objectives of the project are to: Determine the effects of operating time on the characteristics of the recirculating medium in a continuous integrated processing circuit, and subsequently, the sensitivity of cyclone separation performance to the quality of the recirculating medium; and determine the technical and economic feasibility of various unit operations and systems in optimizing the separation and recovery of the micronized magnetite from the coal products. This report contains a short discussion of the project description, objectives, budget, schedule, and teaming arrangement. The final section contains an outline of the specific project goals for the next quarterly reporting period.

The Tokamak Physics Experiment (TPX) will be the first tokamak to use superconducting cable-in-conduit-conductors (CICC) in all Poloidal Field (PF) & Toroidal Field (TF) magnets. Conventional quench detection, the measurement of small resistive normal-zone voltages (<1 V) in the magnets will be complicated by the presence of large inductive voltages (>4 kV). In the quench detection design for TPX, we have considered several different locations for internal co-wound voltage sensors in the cable cross-section as the primary mechanism to cancel this inductive noise. The Noise Rejection Experiment (NRE) at LLNL and the Noise Injection Experiment (NIE) at MIT have been designed to evaluate which internal locations will produce the best inductive-noise cancellation, and provide us with experimental data to calibrate analysis codes. The details of the experiments and resulting data are presented.

Shortly after our Quarterly Report for the period April 1, 1995 - June 30, 1995 was submitted, we completed the last two thermogravimetric-mass spectrographic (TG/MS) analyses of our samples. The results of these analyses will be included in the Final Report with the TG/MS data accumulated for the other coal samples. We then turned our attention to activating each of the coals using air activation. The results of the activation study are reported below.

We have completed the remainder of our experimental work during this work period and have extracted much of the data from the many analyses performed. The temperatures at which selected thermal reactions occur and the temperatures at which monitored gases are released are in the process of being read from the computerized data. The data gleaned from the literature and the data we have gathered will be combined and examined using multiple regression analysis. During the course of our study we performed 55 BET analyses (including 12 fresh coal analyses, 10 coal samples that had been pyrolyzed in helium gas, 24 coal samples that had been activated using He-O2, 5 coal samples activated using He-H2O, and 4 coals samples activated using CO2). The number of BET analyses performed far exceeds the number we had planned when this project was first proposed. These analyses provide information that reveals the effects that factors such as the gas (or gas mixture) used for activation, the maximum temperature reached during activation, grain size, etc., have on the degree to which a coal is activated. These relationships are described, briefly, below. They will be discussed in detail in the Final Report. During this work period …

An investigation of the fundamental physical processes that govern the structures of fume particles that are produced from the vapor phase in a wide range of high temperature systems has been conducted. The key objective of this study has been to develop models of the evolution of fine particles of refractory materials that are produced from the vapor phase, with particular emphasis on those processes that govern the evolution of ash fumes produced from volatilized mineral matter during coal combustion. To accomplish this goal, the study has included investigations of a number of fundamental aspects of pyrogenous fumes: Structural characterization of agglomerate particles in terms of fractal structure parameters; the relationship between the structures of agglomerate particles and the aerodynamic drag forces they experience; coagulation kinetics of fractal-like particles; sintering of aerosol agglomerates past the early stage of neck formation and incorporating the simultaneous influences of several transport mechanisms.

A focused ion-beam milling instrument commonly utilized in the semiconductor industry for failure analysis and IC repair, is capable of cross-sectioning nodular defects. Utilizing the instrument`s scanning on beam, high-resolution imaging of the seeds that initiate nodular defect growth is possible. In an attempt to understand the origins of these seeds, HfO{sub 2}/SiO{sub 2} and Ta{sub 2}O{sub 5}/SiO{sub 2} coatings were prepared by a variety of coating vendors and different deposition processes including e-beam, magnetron sputtering, and ion beam sputtering. By studying the shape, depth, and composition of the seed, inferences of its origin can be drawn. The boundaries between the nodule and thin film provide insight into the mechanical stability of the nodule. Significant differences in the seed composition, geometry of nodular growth and mechanical stability of the defects for sputtered versus e-beam coatings are reported. Differences in seed shape were also observed from different coating vendors using e-beam deposition of HfO{sub 2}/SiO{sub 2} coatings.

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The Savannah River Technology Center, a research and development facility at the US Department of Energy`s Savannah River Site, provides environmental and regulatory compliance support to onsite operations. A new consolidated Incinerator Facility at SRS is being built to treat hazardous and a combination of hazardous and radioactive (mixed) wastes.

This report describes the 5 tasks to be covered under this project and compiles budget information. Task 1 is to establish a Plutonium Information Resource, which has been established in Amarillo, Texas. Task 2, Advisory Functions, coordinates studies and activities relating to the disposition of excess weapons-grade plutonium. Task 3, Environmental, Public Health, and Safety, supports soil remediation activities. Task 4, Education and Outreach, is supporting four programs: K--12 education improvement in science and math courses; Academic intervention to identify and encourage high ability high school and middle school students with potential to become scientists and engineers; Graduate education evaluation; and Public outreach programs. Task 5, Plutonium and other Materials Studies, is currently funding two projects for the disposition of high explosives: a feasibility study of burning a mixture of high explosives and other materials in a commercial coal-fired power plant and synthesis of diamond by shock compression of bucky ball with explosives.

Continuous monitoring for tritium in the aqueous effluents of selected Savannah River Site (SRS) facilities is performed using a custom designed system that includes an automated water purification system and a flow-through radiation detection system optimized for tritium. Beads of plastic scintillators coupled with coincidence electronics provide adequate sensitivity (=25kBz/L) for tritium break-through detection int he aqueous discharge stream from these facilities. The tritium effluent water monitors (TEWMs) at SRS provide early warning (within 30 minutes) of an unanticipated release of tritium, supplement the routine sampling surveillances, and mitigate the impact of aqueous plant discharges of tritium releases to the environment.

The Tokamak Physics Experiment (TPX) will use supercritical helium to cool all the magnets and supply helium to the Vacuum cryopumping subsystem. The heat loads will come from the standard steady state conduction and thermal radiation sources and from the pulsed loads of the nuclear and eddy currents caused by the Central Solenoid Coils and the plasma positioning coils. The operations of the TPX will begin with pulses of up to 1000 seconds in duration every 75 minutes. The helium system utilizes a pulse load leveling scheme to buffer out the effects of the pulse load and maintain a constant cryogenic plant operation. The pulse load leveling scheme utilizes the thermal mass of liquid and gaseous helium stored in a remote dewar to absorb the pulses of the tokamak loads. The mass of the stored helium will buffer out the temperature pulses allowing 5 K helium to be delivered to the magnets throughout the length of the pulse. The temperature of the dewar will remain below 5 K with all the energy of the pulse absorbed. This paper will present the details of the heat load sources, of the pulse load leveling scheme operations, a partial helium schematic, dewar temperature …

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The objective of this project is to retrofit a burner capable of firing microfine coal to a standard gas/oil designed industrial boiler to assess the technical and economic viability of displacing premium fuels with microfine coal. This report documents the technical aspects of this project during the fifteenth quarter (April `95 through June `95) of the program. The overall program has consisted of five major tasks: (1.0) A review of current state-of-the-art coal firing system components. (2.0) Design and experimental testing of a prototype HEACC (High Efficiency Advanced Coal Combustor) burner. (3.0) Installation and testing of a prototype HEACC system in a commercial retrofit application. (4.0) Economics evaluation of the HEACC concept for retrofit applications. (5.0) Long term demonstration under commercial user demand conditions. Task 1 through Task 4 were previously completed. Based on all the results obtained to date the ABB/Penn State team and DOE/PETC have decided to conduct a 1000 hr demonstration test (Task 5). Importantly, a decision was made to employ a new burner for the demonstration. The new burner is based on the concept called {open_quotes}Radially Stratified Flame Core (RSFC){close_quotes}, developed by MIT and licensed by ABB. Work under Task 5 of this program was started …

The objectives of this task are to develop, prepare, and test microspheres and granular forms of inorganic ion exchangers to remove radionuclides and heavy metals from waste streams occurring at various sites. Several inorganic materials, such as hexacyanoferrates, titanates, phosphates, and oxides have high selectivities and efficiencies for separating and removing radionuclides such as uranium, technetium, cesium, and strontium, and metals such as cobalt, silver, zinc, and zirconium from aqueous waste streams. However, these sorbents frequently exist only as powders and consequently are not readily adaptable to continuous processing such as column chromatography. Making these inorganic ion exchangers as microspheres or granular forms improves the flow dynamics for column operations and expands their practical applications. Microspheres of several materials have been prepared at ORNL, and the effectiveness of zirconium monohydrogen phosphate and hydrous titanium oxide microspheres for removing radionuclides from hot cell waste solutions has been demonstrated.

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Attempts were made to develop a coating formulation for shielded metal arc (SMA) welding electrodes for iron aluminide alloys. Core wires of various compositions were produced by aspiration casting at ORNL and coating formulation development was conducted by Devasco, Inc. It was found that, except for weld deposit compositions containing less than 10 weight % aluminum, all weld deposits exhibited extensive cold cracking and/or porosity. It was concluded that current coating formulation technology limits successful iron aluminide deposits to less than 10 weight % aluminum.

High power density electronic components such as fast microprocessors and power semiconductors must operate below the maximum rated device junction temperature to ensure reliability. function temperatures are determined by the amount of heat generated and the thermal resistance from junction to the ambient thermal environment. Two of the Largest contributions to this thermal resistance are the die attach interface and the package base. A decrease in these resistances can allow increased component packing density in MCMs, reduction of heat sink volume in tightly packed systems, enable the use of higher performance circuit components, and improve reliability. The substrate for high power density devices is the primary thermal link between the junctions and the heat sink. Present high power multichip modules and single chip packages use substrate materials such as silicon nitride or copper tungsten that have thermal conductivity in the range of 200 W/mK. We have developed Dymalloy, a copper-diamond composite, that has a thermal conductivity of 420 W/mK and an adjustable coefficient of thermal expansion, nominally 5.5 ppm/C at 25 C, compatible with silicon and gallium arsenide. Because of the matched coefficient of thermal expansion it is possible to use low thermal resistance hard die attach methods. Dymalloy is …

The development of methods for obtaining high tensile elongation in aluminum alloys is of great importance for the practical forming of near-net-shape parts. Current superplastic alloys are limited in use by high material costs. The utilization of solute-drag creep processes, the approach used in this study, to obtain enhanced tensile ductility in aluminum alloys has lead to tensile elongations of up to 325% in simple, binary Al-Mg alloys with coarse grain sizes. This method has the advantage of lowering processing costs in comparison with superplastic alloys because a fine grain size is not necessary. Whereas superplastic alloys typically have a strain-rate sensitivity of m = 0.5, the enhanced ductility Al-Mg alloys typically exhibit m = 0.3 where maximum ductility is observed. Although a strain-rate sensitivity of rn = 0.5 can lead to elongations of over 1000% (superplastic materials) a value of m = 0.3 is shown experimentally to be sufficient for obtaining elongations of 150% to a maximum observed of 325%. Enhanced ductility is also affected strongly by ternary alloying additions, such as Mn, for which a preliminary understanding is pursued.

The Energy Policy Act of 1992 calls for a program to further the commercialization of renewable energy and energy efficient technologies for the industrial sector.. The primary objective of the Office of Industrial Technologies Chemical Industry Team is to work in partnership with the US chemical industry to maximize economic, energy, and environmental benefits through research and development of innovative technologies. This document was developed to inventory organizations within the federal government on current chemical industry-related research and development. While an amount of funding or number of projects specifically relating to chemical industry research and development was not defined in all organizations, identified were about 60 distinct organizations representing 7 cabinet-level departments and 4 independent agencies, with research efforts exceeding $3.5 billion in fiscal year 1995. Effort were found to range from less than $500 thousand per year at the Departments of Agriculture and the Interior to over $100 million per year at the Departments of Commerce, Defense, Energy, and Health and Human Services and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The total number of projects in these programs exceeded 10,000. This document is complete to the extent that agencies volunteered information. Additions, corrections, and changes are encouraged and will …

Based on Fauske and Associates, Inc. Reactive System Screening Tool tests, the onset or initiation temperature for a ferrocyanide-nitrate propagating reaction is about 250 degrees Celcius. This is at about 200 degrees Celcius higher than current waste temperatures in the highest temperature ferrocyanide tanks. Furthermore, for current ambient waste temperatures, the tube propagation tests show that a ferrocyanide concentration of 15.5 wt% or more is required to sustain a propagation reaction in the complete absence of free water. Ignoring the presence of free water, this finding rules out propagating reactions for all the Hanford flowsheet materials with the exception of the ferrocyanide waste produced by the original In Farm flowsheet

This document summarizes the sampling activities for tank 241-BY-103.

As part of the Grout Process startup, the 241AP102 Mixer Pump, failed in 1993, is scheduled to be removed. A structural analysis was performed on two components to be used in the bagging process for the failed pump. The loading criteria was based on a worst case accident of the entire pump weight (including a 50% impact load) being applied over a small localized area. The results show that the design of each structure is adequate to protect against failure, i.e., yield