Charged particle exclusive data for high multiplicity U on U events are reported. Analyses are based on comparison with Cugnon's intranuclear cascade model, and the explosion-evaporation simulation of Fai and Randrup. The azimuthal structure of the observed events shows evidence of collective flow. The widely used flow angle methodology proves to be relatively insensitive to collective effects under the conditions of the present experiment. An isotropic pattern of ejectile emission is not reached at maximum multiplicity. 18 refs., 4 figs.

A three-dimensional finite-element method is used to investigate thermal convection in the earth's mantle. The equations of motion are solved implicitly by means of a fast multigrid technique. The computational mesh for the spherical problem is derived from the regular icosahedron. The calculation described use a mesh with 43,554 nodes and 81,920 elements and were run on a Cray X. The earth's mantle is modeled as a thick spherical shell with isothermal, free-slip boundaries. The infinite Prandtl number problem is formulated in terms of pressure, density, absolute temperature, and velocity and assumes an isotropic Newtonian rheology. Solutions are obtained for Rayleigh numbers up to approximately 10/sup 6/ for a variety of modes of heating. Cases initialized with a temperature distribution with warmer temperatures beneath speading ridges and cooler temperatures beneath present subduction zones yield whole-mantle convection solutions with surface velocities that correlate well with currently observed plate velocities. 8 references, 6 figures.

Simulation experiments of magnet operating conditions in a fusion reactor are reported. After approximately half of the lifetime dose the results on a variety of NbTi superconductors show moderate changes of the critical current density j/sub c/ (approx. 10%), the percentage change of j/sub c/ is always larger at high fields (8 T) than at 5 T. After a rapid initial change the resistivity ratios of the Cu-stabilizer are found to decrease only slowly with increasing neutron fluence.

This note presents an example SSC collider lattice for 20 TeV proton beams using 6.5 Tesla double bore magnets, six collision points, and anti-symmetric insertions.

The S-1 semi-transparent photocathode is the only one that can be used to study the 1.06 ..mu..m neodynium laser pulses of less than 10 ps duration. We first reviewed the recent results obtained at the Paris Observatory (research sponsored by the CEA), and then we tried to determine the role of the main constituents and their contributions in photoemission.

We present an O(18) theory which is pertubatively unifiable and which accounts for the absence of right-handed families in the low-energy world. The model gives rise to dramatic predictions for proton decay and for the Z/sup 0/ width.

A Haeberli-type pulsed polarized negative hydrogen source has been brought into operation at the BNL Alternating Gradient Synchrotron. It operates reliably at beam currents sometimes as high as 25 ..mu..A and 20 keV in beam pulses of 500 ..mu..sec with approximately 75% polarization. These beam intensities are about an order of magnitude higher than the original Haeberli source built at the University of Wisconsin. This improvement is caused by the higher densities of both the atomic hydrogen beam and the cesium beam, which are the basic ingredients in the charge exchange reaction. About half the beam (10 to 15 ..mu..A) is accelerated in the 200 MeV linac and injected into the AGS. 3 references, 3 figures.

Preliminary R and D has been started on magnets for a next-generation high-energy-physics accelerator, the 20 TeV Superconducting Supercollider (SSC). One design now being developed at LBL is described in this paper. The design is based on two layers of flattened Nb-Ti cable, a 40 mm ID winding with flared ends, and an operating field of 6.5 T. Experimental results are presented on several one-meter-long models tested at both He I and He II temperature. Measurement of field, residual magnetization, quench propagation velocity, and winding prestress are presented. (A 2-in-1 magnet based on this coil design is being jointly developed by LBL and Brookhaven National Laboratory, and 15 ft. long models are being constructed at BNL).

For the first time, a Varian 60 GHz gyrotron, designed specifically to generate microwaves in a single output mode, has been operated at power levels up to 200 kW CW. High output mode purity is required for the efficient utilization of gyrotrons as high power microwave sources for electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) in magnetic fusion plasmas. Using mode-specific directional couplers, measurements of the output mode content indicated that greater than 95% of the microwave output was in the desired TE/sub 02/ mode, with only small percentages in the neighboring TE/sub 01/ and TE/sub 03/ circular electric modes. The pure mode CW design uses a 2.5-inch diameter collector. The collector has a magnetic field arrangement which capably avoids excessive heating by distributing the 640 kW CW beam over a sufficient collector area. With pure mode operation, window temperatures are 10/sup 0/C to 15/sup 0/C higher than with mixed mode operation.

A fiber optic system has been developed to measure single transient gamma rays. The gamma ray signature is converted to light by the Cerenkov process in a 20 cm length of radiation resistant optical fiber. The signal is transmitted over 1 km of optical fiber and detected by state-of-the-art, 175 MHz analog receivers. The receivers are based on silicon PIN detectors with transimpedance hybrid amplifiers and two stages of power amplification. The dc coupled receivers have less than 2% distortion up to 5 volts with less than 10 mV rms noise and a responsivity of 37,500 V/watt at 800 nm. A calibration system measures relative fiber to fiber transit time delays and ''system'' sensitivity. System bandwidth measurements utilized an electron linear accelerator (Linac) with a 50 ps electron pulse as the Cerenkov light source. The system will be described with supporting calibrationa and characterization data of parts of the system and the whole system.

Long-lived isotopes in nuclear waste can have the greatest impact on man and the environment because of the integrated dose over a long time period. Many long-lived radioactive isotopes are present in the waste at Savannah River Plant. Actinide elements make up a significant portion of these isotopes. But when the waste is incorporated into a glass waste form, the actinides are converted to chemically stable oxide species that are released at extremely low and controlled rates, even after the waste form has degraded. Because of their different chemistry, radioactive isotopes of carbon, technetium, and iodine could be released at a significantly higher rate. To establish the potential hazard from these isotopes, their concentration in waste forms for final disposal must be known. The concentrations of C-14 and T{sub c}-99 in SRP waste were previously estimated. Additional analytical data has now been obtained for I-129 in H-Area soluble waste to estimate its concentration in SRP waste. Because of the nature of processes at SRP, most of the I-129 in the waste is in the H-Area waste tanks.

This paper describes a 650 mm long liquid hydrogen targetr constructed for use in the high intensity electron beam at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). The main design problem was to construct a target that would permit the heat deposited by the electron beam to be removed rapidly without boiling the hydrogen so as to maintain constant target density for optimum data taking. Design requirements, cosntruction details and operating experience are discussed.

This annotated bibliography includes papers on atomic and molecular processes published during 1982. Sources include scientific journals, conference proceedings, and books. Each entry is designated by one or more of the 114 categories of atomic and molecular processes used by the Controlled Fusion Atomic Data Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory to classify data. Also indicated is whether the work was experimental or theoretical, what energy range was covered, what reactants were investigated, and the country of origin of the first author. Following the bibliographical listing, the entries are indexed according to the categories and according to reactants within each subcategory.

The environmental levels of radioactivity and other pollutants found in the vicinity of BNL during 1983 are summarized. The amounts of radioactivity and other pollutants released in airborne and liquid effluents from Laboratory facilities to the environment are also indicated. The environmental data includes external radiation levels; radioactivity of air particulates; tritium concentrations; the amounts and concentrations of radioactivity in and the water quality of the stream into which liquid effluents are released; the concentrations of radioactivity in biota from the stream; the concentrations of radioactivity in and the water quality of ground waters underlying the Laboratory; and concentrations of radioactivity in milk samples obtained in the vicinity of the Laboratory. The amounts of radioactivity released in airborne and liquid effluents from laboratory facilities to the environment were within allowable standards as stipulated in DOE Order 5480.1. Other pollutants, such as metals, organic compounds, etc., in the effluents released from the Laboratory were well below federal, state and local standards as applied to site specific conditions. 34 references, 9 figures, 17 tables.

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) is located south of Albuquerque on Kirtland Air Force Base. Because radionuclides are potentially released from its research activities, SNL has a continuing environmental monitoring program which analyzes for cesium-137, tritium, uranium, alpha emitters, and beta emitters in water, soil, air, and vegetation. Measured radiation levels in public areas were consistent with local background in 1983. The Albuquerque population received an estimated 0.250 person-rem from airborne radioactive releases, whereas it received greater than 49,950 person-rem from naturally occurring radionuclides. 23 references, 6 figures, 15 tables.

JAI examined alternative methods for structuring charges for Federal Interim Storage (FIS) services were examined and the conclusion reached that the combined interests of the Department and the users would be best served, and costs most appropriately recovered, by a two-part fee involving an Initial Payment upon execution of a contract for FIS services followed by a Final Payment upon delivery of the spent fuel to the Department. The Initial Payment would be an advance payment covering the pro rata share of preoperational costs, including (1) the capital costs of the required transfer facilities and storage area, (2) development costs, (3) government administrative costs including storage fund management, and (4) impact aid payments made in accordance with section 136(e) of the Act. The Final Payment would be made at the time of delivery of the spent fuel to the Department and would be calculated to cover the sum of the following: (1) any under-or over-estimation in the costs used to calculate the Initial Payment of the fee including savings due to rod consolidation), (2) module costs (i.e., storage casks, drywells, or silos), and (3) the total estimated cost of operation and decommissioning of the FIS facilities (including government administrative costs, …

The 3081/E project was formed to prepare a much improved IBM mainframe emulator for the future. Its design is based on a large amount of experience in using the 168/E processor to increase available CPU power in both online and offline environments. The processor will be at least equal to the execution speed of a 370/168 and up to 1.5 times faster for heavy floating point code. A single processor will thus be at least four times more powerful than the VAX 11/780, and five processors on a system would equal at least the performance of the IBM 3081K. With its large memory space and simple but flexible high speed interface, the 3081/E is well suited for the online and offline needs of high energy physics in the future.

A 20 TeV Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) proton accelerator is being proposed by the High Energy Physics Community. One proposal would consist of a ring of magnets 164 km in circumference with a field strength of 3 Tesla and would cost 2.7 billion dollars. The magnet consists of stacked steel laminations with superconducting coils. The desired field uniformity is obtained for all fields from 0.2 to 3 Tesla by using three (or more) different pole shapes. These three different laminations are stacked in the order 1-2-3-1-2-3-... creating a truly three dimensional geometry. A three laminated stack 1-2-3 with periodic boundary conditions at 1 and 3 was assigned about 5000 finite elements per lamination and solved using the computer program TOSCA. To check the TOSCA results, the field of each of the three different shaped laminations was calculated separately using periodic boundary conditions and compared to the two dimensional field calculations using TRIM. This was done for a constant permeability of 2000 and using the B-H table for fully annealed 1010 steel. The difference of the field calculations in the region of interest was always less than +-.2%

There is interest in the optical properties of ions in insulating glasses for various applications. This paper addresses the task of predicting optical properties of ions in glass from first principles given only the physics of the constituent atoms. The prospects for developing such ab initio-computation procedures are gleaned from examining the progress made in understanding the properties of dopant ions in crystals. It is probable that in 20 years, there will be reliable procedures for predicting optical properties of ions in crystals, but the development of corresponding procedures for complex glasses is a herculean task. The use of computer simulations is addressed. (DLC)

An absolute calibration technique for a spontaneously fissioning nuclide (which involves no arbitrary parameters) allows unique determination of the detector efficiency for that nuclide, hence of the fission source strength.

We have derived absolute dipole strength-function information for /sup 176/Lu from an average resonance capture study of /sup 175/Lu with 2-keV neutrons, and from neutron capture cross-section measurements with neutrons from 30 keV to about 1 MeV. We found that we needed to increase our previous estimate of the relative M1/E1 strengths near 5 MeV by a factor of 3, and to revise downward the absolute magnitude of our E1 strength function. We accomplished the latter, while still maintaining continuity with the photonuclear data, by adjusting the one free parameter in our line shape. The present E1 and M1 strengths now seem correct both near the neutron separation energy and also around 1 MeV.

We have derived absolute dipole strength-function information for /sup 176/Lu from an average resonance capture study of /sup 175/Lu with 2-keV neutrons and from neutron capture cross-section measurements with neutrons from 30 keV to about 1 MeV. We found that we needed to increase our previous estimate of the relative M1/E1 strengths near 5 MeV by a factor of 3 and to revise downward the absolute magnitude of our E1 strength function. We accomplished the latter, while still maintaining continuity with the photonuclear data, by adjusting the one free parameter in our line shape. The present E1 and M1 strengths now seem correct both near the neutron separation energy and also around 1 MeV.

The /sup 252/Cf-source-driven noise analysis method determines the subcriticality of a system containing fissionable material from the ratio of cross power spectral densities between the detectors that detect particles from the fission process and between these detectors and an ionization chamber containing a spontaneously fissioning neutron source which provides neutrons to induce fission in the system. This method has two advantages: (1) a calibration is not required and thus subcriticality can be determined from measurements only on the subcritical system of interest, and (2) the subcriticality is independent of the type of detector or its efficiency. These properties of this technique are illustrated by measurements.

This report is intended to document some of the Los Alamos efforts that have been carried out under the Department of Energy (DOE) Active Heating and Cooling Materials Reliability, Maintainability, and Exposure Testing program. Funding for these activities is obtained directly from DOE although they represent a variety of projects and coordination with other agencies. Major limitations to the use of solar energy are the uncertain reliability and lifetimes of solar systems. This program is aimed at determining material operating limitations, durabilities, and failure modes such that materials improvements can be made and lifetimes can be extended. Although many active and passive materials and systems are being studied at Los Alamos, this paper will concentrate on absorber coatings and degradation of these coatings.