Poor adhesion of CdS films to zinc-plated copper foil substrates has been eliminated by depositing somewhat thinner films than earlier and by using the mat (as opposed to the smooth) side of the electroformed copper foil for deposition. Particle spatter effects have been reduced and cells of 4 cm/sup 2/ area have been produced with average efficiency of 5.4%. Use of Zn--plated Cu, Mo, Zn--plated Mo and glass substrates appears to influence the etching behavior of CdS films in dilute chromic acid. The results suggest a sensitivity to the presence of zinc. Laser scanned reflection and photocurrent response studies reveal some influence of substrate morphology. Direct correlations are weak, presumably because of strong local variations in topography, due to texturing and in carrier transport or junction collection efficiency. Similar types of studies on single crystal-based cells have established the feasibility of using localized photoresponse to characterize minority carrier transport in special test structures. Compositional analysis of Cu/sub 2/S layers on single crystal CdS have been attempted using ESCA and ion etching methods. A major problem is the formation of copper nodules, presumably due to the ion etching method, which do not permit obtaining a true profile of this element. Films …

An experimental study was undertaken to determine the droplet size distribution, the droplet spatial distribution and the mean droplet velocity in low-quality, steam-water flow from a rectangular cross-section, converging-diverging nozzle. A unique forward light scattering technique was developed for droplet size distribution measurements. Droplet spatial variations were investigated using light transmission measurements, and droplet velocities were measured with a laser-Doppler velocimeter (LDV) system incorporating a confocal Fabry-Perot interferometer. Nozzle throat radius of curvature and height were varied to investigte their effects on droplet size. Droplet size distribution measurements yielded a nominal Sauter mean droplet diameter of 1.7 ..mu..m and a nominal mass-mean droplet diameter of 2.4 ..mu..m. Neither the throat radius of curvature nor the throat height were found to have a significant effect upon the nozzle exit droplet size. The light transmission and LDV measurement results confirmed both the droplet size measurements and demonstrated high spatial uniformity of the droplet phase within the nozzle jet flow. One-dimensional numerical calculations indicated that both the dynamic breakup (thermal equilibrium based on a critical Weber number of 6.0) and the boiling breakup (thermal nonequilibrium based on average droplet temperature) models predicted droplet diameters on the order of 7.5 ..mu..m, which are approximately …

Results are presented for three high burnup PNL-11 fuel pins irradiated to goal FFTF exposure levels in testing cladding stress and strain on fast reactor fuel pins subjected to simulated power transient conditions. The mixed oxide fuel with Type 316 SS clad were tested at heating rates of 5.5 k/s and 200 k/s with internal gas pressures of 17.2 to 98.6 MPa. Mechanical property data were obtained. Under short-term transient heating, neutron volumetric swelling does not change. Cladding strength does not exhibit a continuous degradation with increased neutron fluence, but does show saturation behavior or slight increase at higher fluences. (FS)

The National Resource for Computation in Chemistry was established to make information on existing and developing computational methodologies available to all segments of the chemistry community, to make state-of-the-art computation facilities accessible to the chemistry community, and to foster research and development of new computational methods for application to chemical problems. Attention was directed to algebraic methods because of their continuing importance in chemical applications. This volume contains digests of the contributions to the workshop of August 9--11, 1978. Presentations were given on eigenvalue problems, linear systems of equations, and integral transformations. One of the papers in this volume was abstracted and indexed separately. (RWR)