The Alpha Fuels Environmental Test Facility (AFETF) impact gun is a unique tool for impact testing /sup 238/PuO/sub 2/-fueled heat sources of up to 178-mm dia at velocities to 300 m/s. An environmentally-sealed vacuum chamber at the muzzle of the gun allows preheating of the projectile to 1,000/sup 0/C. Immediately prior to impact, the heat source projectile is completely sealed in a vacuum-tight catching container to prevent escape of its radioactive contents should rupture occur. The impact velocity delivered by this gas-powered gun can be regulated to within +-2%.

The stress analysis is presented for the proposed loop seal modification to the LOFT Steam Generator Main Feed Piping. THE SAP IV finite element computer program was used to analyze normal, upset, emergency, and faulted conditions. Results of the analysis indicate that the modified main feed piping system will satisfy all structural adequacy criteria specified in Subarticle NC-3650 of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Results also show that the isolation snubber configuration, specified in LTR 115-11, will also be adequate for the piping configuration analyzed.

A palynological investigation was performed on 55 samples of core material from four wells drilled in the Devonian Shale interval of the Appalachian and Illinois Basins. Using a combination of spores and acritarchs, it was possible to divide the Middle Devonian from the Upper Devonian and to make subdivisions within the Middle and Upper Devonian. The age of the palynomorphs encountered in this study is Upper Devonian.

This paper relates to the development of a mathematical model for the removal of pollutants from the atmosphere by a pine forest.

This study evaluates the capability of the vital batteries (PPS) to provide electrical power via the vital DC-AC motor generator sets to the LOFT PPS loads during severe cold weather conditions. It is concluded that these batteries while at a temperature of 5/sup 0/F will supply the necessary PPS electrical loads for a time in excess of the one hour permitted to start the diesel generators and are, therefore, adequate at this temperature. This Revision B of the LTR includes revised, more recent, and complete technical data relating to MG set efficiency, battery operating procedures and cold temperature derating. Revision B supersedes and replaces all previous issues.

The commercial aspects of laser fusion were evaluated in an attempt to relate the end products (neutrons and energy) to significant commercial applications. We have found that by far the largest markets and highest payoffs for laser fusion are associated with electric power production. Hence, much of this report evaluates the prospects of producing commercial electricity with laser fusion. To this end, we have described in detail a new and promising laser fusion concept--the liquid lithium waterfall reactor. In addition, we have taken the most attractive features from our laser fusion studies and used them to compare laser fusion to other long-range sources of energy (breeder reactors and solar energy). It is our contention that all three sources of electrical energy should be developed to the point where the final selections are primarily based on economic competitiveness. The other potential applications of laser fusion (fissile fuel production, synthetic fuel production, actinide burning, and propulsion) are also discussed, and our preliminary plan for the engineering development of laser fusion is presented.

With condensed molecular beams of hydrogen as described in literature, very well defined high local gas densities can be produced, which for antiproton beams of 5 x 10/sup 11/ give luminosities between 10/sup 30/ and 10/sup 31/ cm/sup -2/ sec/sup -1/, two orders of magnitude higher than the luminosity estimates for p-anti p physics in the ISR (10/sup 28/ to 10/sup 29/) and one order of magnitude higher than the luminosity for p-anti p physics in the SPS. After some minor modifications, the same vacuum system (chamber and pumps) as that for the proposed polarized atomic beam target could be used for this molecular beam apparatus. 13 references.

The fundamentals of localized corrosion are briefly discussed, and the literature concerning corrosion of carbon steel in aqueous environments, in particular the stress-corrosion cracking of carbon steels, is reviewed. The behavior of high strength steels in specific environments, including concrete and organic substances, is also summarized. The available information indicates that the corrosion of steels in correctly formulated concrete is minimal. Even appreciable concentrations of chloride, sulfate, sulfide, and nitrate salts can be tolerated in the concrete or grout without detrimental effects. Adherence to established standards in the preparation and application of grouts in tendon-bearing conduits should guarantee very long tendon lifetimes. Little is reported about the behavior of tendons in proprietary organic greases or waxes, but very good corrosion resistance is expected if the organic material remains intact. Stress-corrosion cracking tests performed with AISI 1080 steel tendon wires, using the constant-strain-rate method, produced results expected from data in the literature. Cracking was observed only in neutral or acid solutions containing hydrogen sulfide, in ammonium nitrate solutions, and possibly in a dilute solution of sodium bisulfite. General corrosion tests in water and in dilute solutions of sodium nitrate, chloride, or sulfate showed that oxygen was an important factor; corrosion was …

A two year design study has been completed for medical ion accelerators with beams of sufficient range and intensity for therapy. The particles of main interest were ions between carbon and neon, but the generation of proton and neutron beams was studied also. Cyclotrons appear to be good injectors for a heavy ion medical synchrotron, particularly if neutron and/or isotope production is desired as well. They also offer a competitive solution for proton beams of 250 MeV. A superconducting cyclotron design for 380 MeV/u carbon was worked out, but a synchrotron for heavy ion beams of 400 to 600 MeV/u and 5 x 10/sup 9/ particles/sec was found to be more economical and flexible.

Six batch melt-replenishment runs were performed. In the most recent, five crystals were grown with a total through-put of 48 kg. In addition to its stated purpose of developing the growth and recharge process for continuous silicon production, this experimentation has served to prove completely both the concept of charging with granular (viz., niblet) feed and the design of the pellet-feeder/isolation-lock assembly. The design of the prototype Czochralski puller was begun on schedule. Layouts of all major components have been prepared, and detailing is currently in progress; bills of material for long-delivery items were released to Manufacturing in June. Two critical components have already undergone advance trials: the recharging mechanism, which has been in use for four months, and the crystal lift mechanism, which has been bench-tested and is to be mounted on the laboratory Varian 2850 puller. Further, the fabrication of the transducer/control assembly - the automation system - has been accelerated in order to permit testing and preliminary process development on the 2850 furnace prior to the completion of the prototype puller. The SAMICS analysis of ingot growth and wafering has been completely revised and has been extended to 1986.

This paper describes the method used to drive Pockels cells on the 20-arm Shiva laser for inertial confinement fusion research at the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. Shiva became operational last fall, and has just completed a series of 20-arm target shots. It uses two pockels cell gates in each laser arm for suppression of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) that can damage or destroy the target before the main pulse arrives. Two additional Pockels cells are used in the preamplification stages, so that a total of 42 cells must be driven by the pulser system.

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The principles and history of converting the difference between the chemical potentials of concentrated and dilute salt solutions to useful energy by reverse electrodialysis (RED) are discussed. The potential sources of brines discussed include the brines of oil and natural gas fields, the brines from flooding of salt domes, the brines of salt lakes, seawater, and geothermal brines. Equations for predicting the performance of RED units are presented and discussed. A study of the effects of variables on power output from RED cells is given, and estimates of capital and operating costs of RED power units are detailed. (WHK)

The West Valley Plant could readily be used for work on reprocessing of alternative fuels, spiking, coprocessing (including CIVEX), waste solidification, and the recovery of radioactive gases. The plant could be easily modified for any scale between small-scale experimental work to production-scale demonstration, involving virtually any combination of fissile/fertile fuel materials that might be used in the future. The use of this plant for the contemplated experimental work would involve lower capital costs than the use of other facilities at DOE sites, except possibly for spiking of recovered products; the operating costs would be no greater than at other sites. The work on reprocessing of alternative fuels and coprocessing could commence within about one year; on recovery of radioactive gases, in 3 to 5 years; on spiking, in 4 years; and on waste solidification demonstration, in about 5 years. The contemplated work could be begun at this plant at least as early as at Barnwell, although work on spiking of recovered products could probably be started in existing hot cells earlier than at West Valley. (DLC)

A model for the fluorescence and Raman scattering by molecules that comprise or are embedded in small particles was developed and numerical calculations performed. The emphasis during this first year of the contract was on writing and testing the computer programs necessary for numerical calculations and on demonstrating the extent of the potential effects that the geometrical and optical properties of the particle would have on the Raman and fluorescent emissions. For the purpose of demonstrating effects emphasis was focused upon the case of isotropically polarizable molecules that fluoresce or Raman scatter through electric dipole transitions. Some preliminary results are described. One result of these investigations that is of particular significance for remote sensing of pollutants is that it would be a serious mistake to use inelastic scattering techniques such as Raman and fluorescent scattering for quantitative assay of specific molecules in aerosols containing particulates without taking into account the size, structure and refractive index of the particles. A list of publications is included.

Laser amplifier frames fabricated from Type 304 stainless steel are known to cause damage to glass lenses by ejecting particles which are deposited on the lenses. High energy pulses of xenon light interact with the steel surface to produce damage sites. Heat treatment and surface cleaning procedures greatly affect the surface stability of the steel and influence contamination generated by the steel. It is believed that inclusions and/or carbides play a role, and the size of damage sites observed on glass correlate with the size of nonmetallic phases in the steel. Thermal etching of the steel was found to be a principle mechanism of surface damage caused by the high energy xenon light.

This test procedure (No. 404A) provides a detailed description of the verification methods which shall be used in the development program to be conducted on the Kilowatt Isotope Power System (KIPS) Jet Condenser to fulfill the requirements of the Ground Demonstration Test Plan, Section 6.4. This is a revision of Test Procedure No. 404.

The following topics are discribed: (1) ionization of target, (2) electromagnetic wave propagation in plasma, (3) collisional absorption, (4) light absorption in collisionless plasma, (5) resonance absorption, (6) instabilities, (7) Brillowin instability, and (8) some other effects. (MOW

Rock-mechanics problems which limit energy-resource recovery and development are assessed. The most serious limitations were found in the fields of geothermal exploration, mining and in-situ recovery, nuclear-waste disposal, oil and gas recovery, underground storage, and under-ocean tunneling. Recommendations include research to determine and predict porosity, permeability, and fluid flow in situ; research to develop better methods for determining and obtaining shallow and deep in situ stresses; research to improve the ability to map fracture patterns, particularly major fractures and faults, at depth; research to improve the understanding of rock-fragmentation processes for increasing the effectiveness of drilling and excavation systems; research to increase understanding of the relation of laboratory-measured quantities to in situ conditions; and research to provide the thermophysical and thermomechanical properties of rock, including fractured rock. (JRD)

In accordance with ASME Code, Section III requirements, all analyses of Class I components must be independently reviewed. Since the LOFT blowdown loop piping up through the blowdown valve is a Class I piping system, the thermal analyses are reviewed. The Thermal Analysis Branch comments to this review are also included. It is the opinion of the Thermal Analysis Branch that these comments satisfy all of the reviewers questions and that the analyses should stand as is, without additional considerations in meeting the ASME Code requirements and ANC Specification 60139.

The implementation of a nuclear waste management technology raises several issues concerning the regulation of social risk. This paper presents a decision analytic approach to resolving some of those issues. A methodology for developing a radiological risk measure is presented, and several approaches to defining acceptable levels of that risk measure are considered. The methodology presented is oriented toward the development of radiological performance objectives for use as guidance in the drafting of regulations.

Techniques for producing intense negative ion beams are discussed. These beams are required for intense neutral beam development at energies greater than 150 keV. Handling, acceleration, and stripping of negative ion beams are described.

A calculation has been performed to determine the offsite exposure to the general public in the unlikely event of the failure of Waste Gas Processing System (WGPS) piping. The consequences for this type of accident are limited by DOEM 0524 with an offsite dose of 1.5 REM. As can be seen in this LTR, the doses from this accident are far in excess of the 0524 limits. Also included in this LTR is a calculation of the BST gas space contents vs. time in the event of a WGPS piping failure.

Approximately 40 employees at LLL work in areas where personnel neutron monitoring is necessary. The dose rate in these areas is low, rarely exceeding 0.5 rem per year. However, the wide variety of neutron environments (dt neutron generators; a 3 MW pool type reactor; a 100 MeV electron Linac; and a number of vaults and glove boxes where alpha, n and spontaneous fission sources are stored) makes the neutron monitoring task difficult. As a result, we have been studying potential developments in personnel dosimetry and neutron field monitoring, particularly as they relate to proposed changes in the neutron quality factor and the implied reduction in allowable dose limits.