A design is presented for a dipole magnet suitable for the proposed SSC facility. Test results are given for model magnets of this design 1 m long and 4.5 m long. Flattened wedge-shaped cables (''keystoned'') are used in a graded, two-layer ''cos theta'' configuration with three wedges to provide sufficient field uniformity and mechanical rigidity. Stainless steel collars 15 mm in radial depth, fastened with rectangular keys, provide structural support, and there is a ''cold'' iron flux return. The outer-layer cable has 30 strands of 0.648 mm diameter NbTi multifilamentary wire with Cu/S.C. = 1.8, and the inner has 23 strands of 0.808 mm diameter wire with Cu/S.C. = 1.3. Performance data are given, including training behavior, winding stresses, collar deformation, and field uniformity. 10 refs., 11 figs.

Higher energy accelerators continue to play an important role in nuclear physics, probing ever more deeply into the properties and behavior of the constituents of nuclear matter. Three main projectile-types currently used are electrons, light hadrons (protons, mesons) and heavy ions; each addresses different aspects of the reaction process. Current and planned accelerators for each of these probes are discussed.

The production cross sections for the actinide products from /sup 136/Xe bombardments of /sup 249/Cf at energies 1.02, 1.09, and 1.16 times the Coulomb barrier were determined. Fractions of the individual actinide elements were chemically separated from recoil catcher foils. The production cross sections of the actinide products were determined by measuring the radiations emitted from the nuclides within the chemical fractions. The chemical separation techniques used in this work are described in detail, and a description of the data analysis procedure is included. The actinide production cross section distributions from these /sup 136/Xe + /sup 249/Cf bombardments are compared with the production cross section distributions from other heavy ion bombardments of actinide targets, with emphasis on the comparison with the /sup 136/Xe + /sup 248/Cm reaction. A technique for modeling the final actinide cross section distributions has been developed and is presented. In this model, the initial (before deexcitation) cross section distribution with respect to the separation energy of a dinuclear complex and with respect to the Z of the target-like fragment is given by an empirical procedure. It is then assumed that the N/Z equilibration in the dinuclear complex occurs by the transfer of neutrons between the two …

The enclosed document is a draft ADP Security Plan. This plan follows outline provided by DOE Order 5636.2. The outline is in the following format: (1) name of computing system security offices and ADP systems; (2) purpose and operational characteristics; (3) configuration and descriptions of ADP equipment; (4) percentage and level of classified work; (5) description of communication networks; (6) statement of threat; (7) security procedures; (8) contingency plans; and (9) NACSI 5004 evaluation.

This document provides the draft copy of an updated (ADP) Security Plan for an IBM Personal Computer to be used in the Math Building at PNL for classified data base management. Using the equipment specified in this document and implementing the administrative and physical procedures as outlined will provide the secure environment necessary for this work to proceed.

The primary goal of the geothermal materials program is to ensure that the private sector development of geothermal energy resources is not constrained by the availability of technologically and economically viable materials of construction. This requires the performance of long-term high risk GHTD-sponsored materials R and D. Ongoing programs described include high temperature elastomers for dynamic sealing applications, advanced materials for lost circulation control, waste utilization and disposal, corrosion resistant elastomeric liners for well casing, and non-metallic heat exchangers. 9 refs.

ALKACYCL is a computer program that analyzes Rankine power cycles utilizing an alkali metal as the cycle working fluid. Cycles may have from zero to three stages of regenerative feed heating. The program is written in BASICA language and can be used on an IBM-PC or PC-compatible computer with 128 kbytes of RAM. Output results include mass and energy balance information, cycle efficiency, and sizes and weights for piping and feed heaters. Listing and sample program output are included.

Alpha particles born at D-T fusion are mirror confined in the tandem mirror due to their relatively high energy. Therefore, they have a loss-cone type distribution in the velocity space. This anisotropy is susceptible to microinstability. The objective of this work is to study the possible instability that can be driven by the alpha loss-cone. The low frequency (at the order of the ion cyclotron frequency) wave spectrum is studied to seek the waves that can be destabilized by the alphas. The radial mode structure is found for the growth rate calculation. The alpha particle distribution with a loss-cone is obtained from a Legendre function expansion and a diffusion front method. The growth rate of the instability is formulated from linear stability theory and computed numerically. A marginal stability boundary in the ion density and temperature parameters is calculated.

Certain natural silicate minerals, commonly called jade, are well known for their resistance to brittle fracture. One type of jade, nephrite, is a compacted form of the amphibole mineral series tremolite-actinolite. Nephrite is tough because the naturally acicular crystal habit of these amphibole minerals produces an interwoven fibrous microstructure that impedes crack propagation. Object of this work was to duplicate the fibrous microstructure of nephrite by pulverizing natural tremolite or actinolite and then compacting it by hot pressing to form a dense body. Two other materials were also investigated, namely, clinochrysotile (serpentine asbestos) and synthetic fluor-tremolite. For each material, the milling characteristics and densification were studied. The resulting microstructures were characterized, and fracture toughness was measured for a limited number of samples. The most ''fibrous'' microstructure was obtained by hot pressing clinochrysotile 15 min a 1000/sup 0/C. Actinolite, hot pressed 15 min at 1100/sup 0/C, had a critical fracture toughness K/sub IC/ = 4.5 MPa m/sup 1/2/, which compares favorably with the toughness of nephrite jade (K/sub IC/ = 3.6). Decomposition of tremolite and actinolite to more stable phases occurred to some degree during hot pressing. Results suggest that hot isostatic pressing at high water vapor pressure should yield a …

Information has been obtained to aid in the identification of the chemical forms of fission product cesium and iodine which are evolved from graphite surfaces heated to temperatures up to 1400{sup 0}C. Iodine and cesium were initially added to the graphite as adsorbed CsI; subsequently, more cesium was added as Cs{sub 2}0 to allow variations of the initial cesium/iodine mol ratio from 1 to 10. The identifications were determined, in part, by inference from the locations of cesium and iodine deposits on a graphite thermal gradient tube, the measured mol ratios of the deposits, and the results of electron surface chemical analyses. Cesium iodide was the most abundant of the chemical forms found; however, significant quantities of cesium-rich oxygen-bearing deposits (probably cesium oxide) and of iodine-rich deposits (mostly molecular I{sub 2}) were also present. The iodine species, CsI and I{sub 2}, were found to move downstream with time and/or gas flow from the hotter to the colder regions of the system. 3 refs., 8 figs., 5 tabs.

A calculation of the angular distribution of power generated from an undulator, integrated over all frequencies, is presented. The result, valid for any arbitrary value of the deflection parameter K, reduces to the known expressions in the cases K ..-->.. infinity and K ..-->.. 0.

This report provides a history and projections of US electric utility markets. It includes summary information on the production of electricity, its distribution to end-use sectors, and on electricity, its distribution to end-use sectors, and on electricity costs and prices. Further, this publication describes the ownership structure of the industry and the operations of utility systems and outlines basic electricity generating technologies. The historical information covers the period from 1882 through 1984, while projections extend from 1985 through 1995. 9 figs., 8 tabs.

Anomalies have a diverse impact on many aspects of physical phenomena. The role of anomalies in determining physical structure from the amplitude for decay to the foundations of superstring theory will be reviewed. 36 refs.

The Mirror Fusion Test Facility (MFTF-B) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory requires state-of-the-art structural-mechanics methods to deal with access constraints for plasma heating and diagnostics, alignment requirements, and load complexity and variety. Large interactive structures required an integrated analytical approach to achieve a reasonable level of overall system optimization. The Tandem Magnet Generator (TMG) creates a magnet configuration for the EFFI calculation of electromagnetic-field forces that, coupled with other loads, form the input loading to magnet and vessel finite-element models. The analytical results provide the data base for detailed design of magnet, vessel, foundation, and interaction effects. 13 refs.

A practical guide for the implementation of the MORESE-CG Monte Carlo radiation transport computer code system is presented. The various versions of the MORSE code are compared and contrasted, and the many references dealing explicitly with the MORSE-CG code are reviewed. The treatment of angular scattering is discussed, and procedures for obtaining increased differentiality of results in terms of reaction types and nuclides from a multigroup Monte Carlo code are explained in terms of cross-section and geometry data manipulation. Examples of standard cross-section data input and output are shown. Many other features of the code system are also reviewed, including (1) the concept of primary and secondary particles, (2) fission neutron generation, (3) albedo data capability, (4) DOMINO coupling, (5) history file use for post-processing of results, (6) adjoint mode operation, (7) variance reduction, and (8) input/output. In addition, examples of the combinatorial geometry are given, and the new array of arrays geometry feature (MARS) and its three-dimensional plotting code (JUNEBUG) are presented. Realistic examples of user routines for source, estimation, path-length stretching, and cross-section data manipulation are given. A deatiled explanation of the coupling between the random walk and estimation procedure is given in terms of both code parameters …

The application of perturbative QCD and light-cone Fock methods to the structure of hadrons and nuclei and their exclusive and inclusive interactions at short distances are reviewed.

This document describes laboratory experiments that compare chromatographic and spectroscopic methods for rapidly characterizing ionic species in detail. These techniques were tested on various radioactive ion systems to develop a rapid, accurate approach to site characterization for use with Remedial Action Programs. Promising techniques were evaluated. 9 refs., 16 figs., 2 tabs.

The beam emittance and brightness from a mildly relativistic (200 to 400 kV) high current density (0.5 to 3.5kA/cm/sup 2/) planar, field emission diode provided with a velvet covered cathode have been studied experimentally as a function of the applied electric field (100 to 600kV/cm). Transverse beam spreading has been measured using a conventional pinhole arrangement followed by a fluorescent screen and open shutter camera. Good turn-on, and a high normalized beam brightness (B/sub n/ = 300kA/cm/sup 2/-rad/sup 2/) have been observed. The results are compared with those obtained with a graphite cathode. 11 refs., 6 figs.

The behavior of /sup 238/Pu oxide particles (20 to 74 ..mu..m in diameter) deposited on a soil surface was studied by using an environmental test chamber. The soil was obtained from Florida orange groves, and the chamber was set up to simulate a Florida climate. After more than 9 months and more than 60 simulated rainfalls, the plutonium oxide particles remained on top of the soil and showed no evidence of having moved down into the soil column. Plutonium was released into the soil drainages at the rate of 18 ng/m/sup 2//L. This release, which represents a minute portion of the source, appears to correlate with the volume of the drainage rather than with time and probably consists of plutonium attached to very fine soil particles. The average concentration of plutonium observed in the air was 7 fCi/L, which on an absolute basis, represents 8 x 10/sup -12/% of the source material. Thus the generation of airborne plutonium constitutes an insignificant release pathway in terms of the original source. However, the air concentration during, and especially at the beginning of, a rainfall was typically much higher (1400 fCi/L). This concentration decayed rapidly after the end of the rainfall. These results …

Using as a base the beta energy spectra provided by T.R. England, the number spectra of /sup 90/Sr and /sup 90/Y were corrected for the Coulomb effects on the first forbidden shape factor using the tables of M.E. Rose, and for higher order effects using the experimentally determined corrections of H. Daniel et al. We, therefore, present a fully corrected beta number spectrum of /sup 90/Sr and its daughter /sup 90/Y. The half-lives and end-point energies are also listed.

An assessment is made of the biological effects and physical hazards of static and time-varying fields associated with the NMR devices that are being used for clinical imaging and in vivo spectroscopy. A summary is given of the current state of knowledge concerning the mechanisms of interaction and the bioeffects of these fields. Additional topics that are discussed include: (1) physical effects on pacemakers and metallic implants such as aneurysm clips, (2) human health studies related to the effects of exposure to nonionizing electromagnetic radiation, and (3) extant guidelines for limiting exposure of patients and medical personnel to the fields produced by NMR devices. On the basis of information available at the present time, it is concluded that the fields associated with the current generation of NMR devices do not pose a significant health risk in themselves. However, rigorous guidelines must be followed to avoid the physical interaction of these fields with metallic implants and medical electronic devices. 476 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

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The purpose of this paper is to describe a technique to turn a long length of superconducting wire normal by dumping a charged capacitor into it and justify some formulae needed in the design. The physical phenomenon is described. A formula for the energy to be stored in the capacitor is given. There are circumstances where the dc in an electrical circuit containing superconducting elements has to be turned off quickly and where the most convenient way to switch the current off is to turn a large portion or all of the superconducting wire normal. Such was the case of the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) superconducting magnet as soon as a quench was detected. The technique used was the discharge of a capacitor into the coil center tap. It turned the magnet winding normal in ten milliseconds or so and provided an adequate quench protection. The technique of discharging a capacitor into a superconducting wire should have many other applications whenever a substantial resistance in a superconducting circuit has to be generated in that kind of time scale. The process involves generating a pulse of large currents in some part of the circuit and heating the wire up by ac …

Twenty-one LWBR irradiation test rods containing ThO/sub 2/-UO/sub 2/ fuel and Zircaloy cladding with holes or cracks operated successfully. Zircaloy cladding corrosion on the inside and outside diameter surfaces and hydrogen pickup in the cladding were measured. The observed outer surface Zircaloy cladding corrosion oxide thicknesses of the test rods were similar to thicknesses measured for nondefected irradiation test rods. An analysis model, which was developed to calculate outer surface oxide thickness of non-defected rods, gave results which were in reasonable agreement with the outer surface oxide thicknesses of defected rods. When the analysis procedure was modified to account for additional corrosion proportional to fission rate and to time, the calculated values agreed well with measured inner oxide corrosion film values. Hydrogen pickup in the defected rods was not directly proportional to local corrosion oxide weight gain as was the case for non-defected rods. 16 refs., 6 figs., 8 tabs.