ABCXYZ is a computer code for obtaining the Cartesian components of the vector potential and the magnetic field on an observed grid from an arrangement of current-carrying wires. Arbitrary combinations of straight line segments, arcs, and loops are allowed in the specification of the currents. Arbitrary positions and orientations of the current-carrying elements are also allowed. Specification of the wire diameter permits the computation of well-defined fields, even in the interiors of the conductors. An optical feature generates magnetic field lines. Extensive graphical and printed output is available to the user including contour, grid-line, and field-line plots. 12 figures, 1 table.

An investigation was conducted of malfunctions of snubbers (seismic-shock arrestors) in service in nuclear power plants. The construction and use of snubbers is summarized, and the history of snubber problems in nuclear service is reviewed. Reports of many hundreds of snubber malfunctions were found in the abnormal-occurrence reports of the docket literature. The great majority of these abnormal occurrences consisted of hydraulic snubbers whose hydraulic fluid had leaked out because of deteriorated seals; snubbers that were damaged in manufacture, shipping, installation, refitting, or use; and snubbers whose performance did not match service requirements. Additional information about the failures was obtained from the reactor operators, snubber manufacturers, reactor vendors, and independent laboratories. The abnormal occurrences were classified into 12 categories. Analyses of the causes of the individual abnormalities are presented, and preliminary comments on the current state of snubber manufacture and use are made.

Of the available high strength ceramics, silicon nitride offers the most promise followed by silicon carbide and aluminum oxide, and stress analyses show severe limitations on allowable velocities for impact with granite following reentry for these ceramics. Impact velocities in the 100 to 200 fps regime can be achieved only by the addition of an additional layer to distribute the high contact stress. Besides impact limitations, application of ceramic materials in heat sources would present problems both in terms of weight and fabrication. The required thickness of a ceramic impact member would be comparable to that for a carbon-carbon composite material, but the least dense of the high strength ceramics are 2 to 3 times more dense than the carbon-carbon composites. Fabrication of a ceramic heat source would require a high strength bond between the fuel and the impact member if reasonable impact velocities are to be achieved. Formation of such a bond in ceramic materials is a difficult task under normal circumstances, and would be more difficult under the restrictions imposed on the processing and handling of the /sup 238/PuO/sub 2/ fuel. 16 fig.

A discussion is provided of the following aspects of the solar process hot water program: criteria and rationale used in process selection, expected fuel savings to be provided by widespread use of the solar energy system in the industry, and economic evaluation of the system. The design, construction, operation, and evaluation of a solar water heating system for application to the can washing process at the Campbell Soup Company's plant located in Sacramento, California are included.

The design and performance of a solar hot water system for can washing at the Campbell Soup Plant in Sacramento, California, are presented. The collector field is located on the roof of the finished products warehouse of the Campbell Soup Sacramento plant. Water is supplied from a 3.8 cm (1/sup 1///sub 2/ in.) supply line which is located directly below an existing roof access hatch. A supply pipe will be brought up through that hatch. The water flow will then be split into two manifold lines which supply the dual rows of flat plate collectors. The preheated water from the flat plates is then passed into six sets of parallel connected concentrators. Each set consist of eight 1.83 x 3.05 m (6 x 10 foot) modules connected in series. The water from these units is gathered in a 3.8 cm (1/sup 1///sub 2/ in.) insulated pipe which transports it to the storage tank. This pipe will be attached to an existing pipe run until it reaches the can washing building. From there the pipe will follow the can washing building around to the storage tank. The storage tank is a 75,200 1 (20,000 gal) steel tank which is coated internally …

A quantity of Zircaloy-4 tubing (10.92 mm outside diameter by 0.635 mm wall thickness) was purchased specifically for use in a number of related fuel cladding research programs sponsored by the Division of Reactor Safety Research, Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC/RSR). Identical tubing (produced simultaneously and from the same ingot) was purchased concurrently by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) for use in similar research programs sponsored by that organization. In this way, source variability and prior fabrication history were eliminated as parameters, thus permitting direct comparison (as far as as-received material properties are concerned) of experimental results from the different programs. The tubing is representative of current reactor technology. Consecutive serial numbers assigned to each tube identify the sequence of the individual tubes through the final tube wall reduction operation. The report presented documents the procurement activities, provides a convenient reference source of manufacturer's data and tubing distribution to the various users, and presents some preliminary characterization data. The latter have been obtained routinely in various research programs and are not complete. Although the number of analyses, tests, and/or examinations performed to date are insufficient to draw statistically valid conclusions with regard to material characterization, the data are expected to …

The cryogenic forming process was evaluated using nickel 270 to see if it had significant advantages over room-temperature (RT) forming. Typically, the procedure involved fast-strain-rate forming a set of nickel samples at cryogenic temperatures and another set at RT. Both sets were measured at RT for failure strength and their strength-preparation elongation curves compared at equal strains. Two more sets were formed, this time at slow strain rates (one at cryogenic temperatures, the other at RT). Both sets were measured at RT for failure strength and their strength-preparation elongation curves of these sets compared with the previous two at equal temperatures and strains. Cryoforming produced a 30 percent higher-strength nickel than that produced at room temperature at equal strains and strain rates. Forming rate effects disappeared as working temperature decreased. Rate-insensitive cryoforming produced a considerably stronger room-temperature material than room-temperature forming at high strain rates. Transmission electron microscopy indicated apparent structural differences between cryoformed and room-temperature-formed nickel. 14 fig. (DLC)

Relative intensities for K x-rays and gamma rays emanating from /sup 99/Mo in equilibrium with its /sup 99/Tc* daughter have been measured using several Ge photon detectors. Combining these intensities with an evaluated set of electron-conversion coefficients has provided a set of absolute intensities for the observed gamma rays. The absolute intensity for the dominant 140.5-keV gamma ray in /sup 99/Tc was determined to be 90.7 +- 0.6/100 /sup 99/Mo disintegrations for /sup 99/Mo decay in equilibrium with decay of the /sup 99/Tc* daughter.

A significant number of deep boreholes have been drilled within the Permian Basin to investigate subsurface geologic conditions for waste storage utility. As these investigations have yet to reveal a single ''acceptable site,'' it is quite clear that many deep test holes can be expected to be drilled and several study areas ''abandoned'' before specific sites for pilot plants and/or for permanent repositories are selected. Indeed, this has been the case in the Permian Basin, and there is little reason to believe that similar patterns would not prevail for other salt deposits and even for non-saline rock formations that are undergoing investigations as waste storage repositories. These time-consuming and, at times, seemingly unproductive iterations are due in part to the general lack of detailed knowledge of the important characteristics of rocks in the subsurface that can only be obtained by drilling closely-spaced boreholes within the area of interest. In addition, the long-term nature of the problem, which makes it imperative that the wastes be contained for periods of up to hundreds of thousands of years, requires an unprecendented amount of detail in the investigative work.

Lead-tin plating can be rapidly and uniformly applied to a 0.25 in. square copper conductor. Such plating can be used as solder with a minimum flux requirement. In the range studied, the tin content of the coating can be controlled. It varies directly with the tin content of the bath and amperage and inversely with the temperature.

Technological, social, economic and political techniques for controlling emission are summarized for environmental pollutants introduced into air, water and land resources. Chemical, radiological and physical factors are discussed. (PCS)

The energy released in a nuclear detonation can vaporize the surrounding medium. If one knows the gaseous equation of state of the medium, it can be used along with estimates of the shock entropy to predict such things as cavity size and seismic effects. We have calculated the equation of state and shock entropy for calcite (CaCO/sub 3/). We formulated the gaseous equation of state for pressures between 1 and 10/sup 6/ bar and temperatures from ambient to 1000 eV using a combination of the TIGER and IEEOS codes. In this report, we also describe the calculational methods and the material parameters used to estimate shock entropy on the loading path. We show how these results can be used to estimate final states following unloading from a given point on the shock Hugoniot. A specific example, dense calcite at 900 kbar, is used to illustrate the method.

A fluidized-bed incineration facility is being designed for installation at the Rocky Flats Plant to demonstrate a process for the combustion of transuranic waste. The unit capacity will be about 82 kg/hr of combustible waste. The combustion process will utilize in situ neutralization of acid gases generated in the process. The equipment design is based on data generated on a pilot unit and represents a scale-up of nine. Title I engineering is at least 70 percent complete. (auth)

Program GRAY is written to perform the matrix manipulations necessary to convert black-body radiation heat-transfer view factors to gray-body view factors as required by thermal analyzer codes. The black-body view factors contain only geometric relationships. Program GRAY allows the effects of multiple gray-body reflections to be included. The resulting effective gray-body factors can then be used with the corresponding fourth-power temperature differences to obtain the net radiative heat flux. The program is written to accept a matrix input or the card image output generated by the black-body view factor program CNVUFAC. The resulting card image output generated by GRAY is in a form usable by the TRUMP thermal analyzer.

The purview of H-Division is the mechanics of fluids and solid bodies. Concise status reports of the projects undertaken by the various groups in the division are given. Representative topics studied include equations of state of various materials, fracture mechanics, penetration of armor by projectiles, turbulence generation, and the development of dynamics computer codes. 31 figures, 2 tables. (RWR)

A high speed imaging system based on state-of-the-art photosensor arrays has been designed for use in nuclear diagnostics. The system is comprised of a front-end rapid-scan solid-state camera, a high speed digitizer, and a PCM line driver in a downhole package and a memory buffer system in a uphole trailer. The downhole camera takes a ''snapshot'' of a nuclear device created flux stream, digitizes the image and transmits it to the uphole memory system before being destroyed. The memory system performs two functions: it retains the data for local display and processing by a microprocessor, and it buffers the data for retransmission at slower rates to the LLL computational facility (NADS). The impetus for such a system as well as its operation are discussed. Also discussed are new systems under development which incorporate higher data rates and more resolution.

The strength and toughness of a high energy rate formed (HERF'ed) stainless steel, as influenced by the heat input from a variety of welds, are being measured. Using holographic interferometry, a welded spherical pressure vessel constructed from HERF'ed stainless steel with a composition of 21 percent Cr, 6 percent Ni, 9 percent Mn, 0.23 percent N, balance Fe was examined. Holographic examination of the weld vicinity shows that plastic deformations in the heat affected zones reach a maximum at a distance of 5 mm on either side of the weld, and tails off for another 20 mm to zero strain. The yield and ultimate strengths of the heat affected zones, based on the thin wall relation and using the wall thickness just above the weld, is nearly that of the parent material. However, the mode of deformation indicates that if the heat affected zones were either of higher strength or narrower, the pressure vessel would be stronger. Several more vessels are being electron beam welded using different weld parameters, and these will be examined to determine how the strength of the vessel is affected.

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The potential distribution at the surface of a rectilinear one-dimensional plasma in the presence of wall-emitting secondary electrons is computed as a function of the secondary emission coefficient under a variety of plasma conditions.

Research and development are reported in the following areas: isotope separation and production for Ar, C, He, Kr, Ne, O, S, and Xe; testing of cubic B crystals for superconductivity; metal hydride research on band theory and electronic structure and spin-lattice relaxation times for VH/sub x/; separation chemistry of Pu, /sup 231/Pa, /sup 230/Th, /sup 229/Th, and /sup 234/U; adsorption of U and Pu by bone char; separation research for Ca and S isotopes; molecular beam scattering for Ar--Kr; and transport properties for the systems Ne--Ar, Ne--Kr, and Ar--Kr. (JSR)

A subject screening list was developed which would be used by acquisitions specialists as a guide to the orientation of pertinent literature. The subject screening list was derived primarily from the geothermal subset of the ERDA Energy Thesaurus and from the ERDA Energy Information Data Base Subject Categories (TID-4584). The subject screening list is included. Subsequent to preparation of the subject screening list, a core list of serial publications containing geothermal energy information was generated by SIS library scientists. This list was corelated with the ERDA-TIC serial publications list. Included in both lists is an estimate of the annual geothermal information yield of the serial sources. A listing of sources of geothermal energy information other than serial publications and the conclusions, including methods of acquisitioning to be utilized and the estimated annual volume of information from all sources are presented.

A system of regional operations research activities is described which will formulate potential future development scenarios for geothermal energy and identify the public initiatives necessary for that potential. The specifics of the work plan for the state of California are outlined along with the project management structure and reporting schedules. (MHR)

The feasibility of stacking beam in a storage ring by the phase displacement technique, i.e. by the accumulation of momentum strips, is determined by a complicated interplay of many factors. Some of these factors are discussed, especially as they relate to stacking beam in the Fermilab doubler ring, but no attempt is made to present a consistent solution. An arbitrary division is made into five subject categories connected with the stacking process: (1) momentum dilution, that is, the dilution of the longitudinal phase space area; (2) rebunching the stack for acceleration; (3) the physical aperture used to create a stack of given current; (4) beam loss during stacking in a superconducting environment; and (5) field errors due to random errors in the placement and support of the superconducting coils, including the amplification of the field errors for orbits displaced from the magnet center. The basic theory is given and applied using doubler parameters.

The system design specification for ground demonstration, development, and flight qualification of a Brayton Isotope Power System (BIPS) is presented. The requirements for both a BIPS conceptual Flight System (FS) and a Ground Demonstration System (GDS) are defined.