The equations of the Debye-Huckel theory, modified to include quantum statistics, are discussed. It is found that the nonlinear equations used by Cowan and Kirkwcod are not unique and that the nonlinear theory can be formulated in different ways to give different answers. The linearized equations of these alternative formulations are discussed, and the correct form of the linearized theory is established. From the linear theory, the Helmholtz free energy of a slightly degenerate plasma is derived, and from this result, useful formulas in the near-classical limit are obtained for the pressure and internal energy. (auth)

The H-F conductance and susceptance were determined for coil-type vessels over a range of frequencies from 2 to 30 mc. The ultraviolet absorption spectra of organic compounds in the vapor phase were determined, and a maximum was assigned to each compound. The dielectric constant values for five alpha substituted ketones at 25 deg C are reponted. A series of acids in dimethylformamide was titrated with the alkali methoxides by the high-frequency and conductance methods. The titration curves by these two methods were very similar in shape and also very similar to the curves for the corresponding type of acid in aqueous solution (W.L.H.)

Previous reports on the chlorination of plutonium dioxide describe numerous small-scale experiments and a few fair-sized batch preparations. The chemistry of chlorination by numerous reagents is covered, but no process had received sufficient study for large-scale preparation of anhydrous plutonium trichloride. The literature search revealed no extensive studies on chlorination rates, exhaust gas filtering, atmospheric requirements, reactor materials, etc. A program was undertaken to select a chlorination process, to develop the necessary information for defining operating conditions and equipment specifications, and then to demonstrate the operation of the process.

On the basis of screening tests and favorable mechanical propenties, AISI Type 318 stainless steel was selected as a fuel-element cladding material to operate in c coolant comprised essentially of gaseous nitrogen modified by the addition of oxygen and water vapor. Tests at atmospheric pressure confirmed calculations which indicated that small additions of oxygen to nitrogen would inhibit nitriding by the process of preferential oxidation. The tests at atmospheric pressure determined that the rate of oxidation of Type 318 stainless was generally at a minimum when 0.5 volume per cent oxygen was added to the nitrogen gas. Oxidation of this steel was more severe when additions of 0.1 and 5.0 volume per cent oxygen were made to the nitrogen The rate of oxidation was primarily temperature dependent, but was also influenced by time. Oxidation during exposure periods of less than 1000 hr appeared to proceed at a parabolic rate. On longer exposures, however, there wcre indications of more rapid attack. A maximum depth of attack of 2.9 mils was observed on Type 318 stainless which had been exposed at 1650 F for 3658 hr. Stress-corrosion studies indicated that unstressed and stressed specimens were attacked at about the same rate. Stresses …

Possible mechanisms for creep rupture during irradiation are examined. Evidence that the rupture occurs by grain boundary sliding alone, or by vacancy condensation, is compared. It is observed that vacancy condensation is the more probable mechanism, and that this mechanism predicts a reduction in creep rupture life for metals exposed to a fast neutron flux (neglecting effects of radiation annealing). (T.F.H.)

The feasibility of improving swelling resistance in metallic uranium by increasing the dislocation density is under investigation. Increasing the density of dislocations is expected to increase the number of sites at which fission product gas atoms are "pinned," increase the number of gas bubble nuclei, and increase mechanical strength. Dislocations are introduced by a treatment which involves deformation of metastable beta or gamma phase in uranium-rich alloys, followed by transformation. Activity has been concerned primarily with selection of uraniurnbase alloys for initial evaluation, procurement of materials, installation of specialized equipment, and development of techniques. A number of small ingots were produced, and screening tests were carried out on several analyses. These preliminary experiments were designed to show the deformation characteristics of the alloys in the metastable state as a function of rolling temperature and time. Initial results on gamma-stabilized binary alloys containing 2, 3.5, 5, and 7 wt. % Mo showed that large reductions are possible in 5 and 7 wt. % Mo alloys at450 deg C. The more dilute alloys are relatively difficult to roll, although small reductions were achieved. Aging experiments on deformed and undeformed 5 wt. % Mo alloys indicate that deformation accelerates the aging process and …

Comments made hy FMPC personnel on Eurochemic technical documents are given, (T.R.H.)

The worth of reduced cobalt and tantalum impurity concentrations of AlSl Type 347 stainless steel in the SM-2 core cladding and structural material was evaluated on the basis of material costs involved and accessibility for maintenance. (auth)

The net multiplication effect of beryllium oxide, which is due to the (n,2n) reaction, was calculated using an essentially exact calculation of the neutron spectrum as a function of energy. The upper limit of the (n,2n) cross section curve gives the unpoisoned value epsilon /sup +/ = 1.047 and the lower limit gives epsilon /sup -/ = 1,027. The behavior of the Li/sup 6/poisoned fast multiplication effect as a function of the number of collisions was studied for both beryllium and beryllium oxide. (auth)

This monthly document details activities of the Hanford Operations Office during the month of August 1959. (FI)

Data on analog magnetic tape charactcristics are presented along with results from conventional and modulator playback system operational tests. Theoretical considerations imply that the modulator head should be loss sensitive to short term variations in record and playback tape speed. It is also pointed out that although a tape recorder operating at 7.5 in./sec has only 12 kcs bandwidth for sinusoidal wave forms. the record and play-back amplifiers for pulse recording can operate with other bandwidths. These amplifiers must be capable of passing a square wave with a frequency of 1.5 kcs. A square wave of such frequency represents the condition of 350 microsecond pulses with a 700 microsecond period. (J.R.D)

Techniques were developed to measure the liquid density and viscosity of organic coolants over the temperature range 300 to 850 deg F. (W.L.H.)

Various types of uranium --graphite fuel elements were irradiated in the central hole of a 1-Mw swimming pool reactor at a flux of 4 x 10/sup 14/ n/cm/sup 2/-sec. The impregnated graphite sphere samples were prepared with an aqueous uranyl nitrate solution with subsequent baking for conversion to UO/sub 2/. Other types included an admixture of high fired UO/sub 2/ blended with graphite powder and coal tar binder and lumped specimens prepared by mixing a phenolic coke filler with UO/sub 2/ and a phenolic binder. Test results such as dimension and weight change are listed as well as results of compression tests, impact tests, and abrasion tests. Also, fission product leakage to the inner capsule gas space was collected and measured. (J.R.D.)

>The program described computes the reactivity changes associated with slurry settling in a one-region cylindrical slurry reactor. Nuclear-data computation has been included in the program in order to avoid tedious hand calculations and to reduce the amount of input data required. About 3000 cases may be processed pcr hour of machine time. Certain modifications to the conventional two-group method and techniques employed in improving the rate of convergence of certain iterative procedures are discussed in detail. Sample input sheets, output sheets and instructions for input data preparation are included. (auth)

The total K/sup +/-p cross section was measured at the three K/sup +/- meson energies 175 er inch per 25, 225 er inch per 25, and 275 er inch per 25 Mev and the differential scattering cross section was measured at 225 Mev. The K/sup +/-p nuclear force was shown to be repulsive from the observed constructive interference with Coulomb scattering. The differential c=oss section was otherwise isotropic and could arise from either pure S-wave or pure P- wave scattering. Subtracted dispersion relations were applied to these data and the rest of the available K proton scattering data. The statistical errors on the data were found to be too large to determine the K-hyperon relative parity. However, if the K DELTA and K SIGMA relative parities are assumed to be the same, then if the coupling were scalar, the coupling constant g/sup 2/4 pi would be less than 0.6; if pseudoscalar, less than 10. (auth)

Information is presented that may be used in estimating the magnitude of the shutdown cooling problem in the ORR at various power levels. The information used in the investigation was obtained from other research reactors. (W.L.H.)

The design of the control system for the steam plant to be used with the SRE is given. Operation of the system is discussed. (C.J.G.)

The development of a reduction step using plutonium trichloride instead of plutonium tetrafluoride in 234-5 Building processing was proposed early in 1958. This process change was intended to reduce the neutron radiation associated with plutonium fluoride. Neutron dose estimates shaw that over half of 234-5 Building neutron exposure is associated with the fluoride process steps. Other measurements show that a 60-fold reduction in neutron flux could be realized by converting to a chloride process. Progress up to September 1958, was described in a document covering the chemical aspects of the development work, including batch preparation of trichloride. The present report summarizes work done on this process over the past year, emphasizing continuous preparation of plutonium trichloride in large-scale equipment, the reduction of this product to metal, and large-scale recovery of slag and crucible.

It is well known that protection against radiant energy burns afforded by fabrics may be increased by creating an air space between the fabric and the underlying skin. Earlier work in this laboratory has also shown that if one layer of fabric is in contact with skin, protection of a two layer fabric system increases progressively as the space between the fabrics changes from two to five millimeters. With the magnesium source, large area sub-fabric burns were produced to determine the cffects of still greater air spaces between the two layers. With underwear material in contact with the skin of white pigs, green poplin material was placed either in contact with or at distances of from one to four centimeters from the underwear. Magnesium flash powder, in 150 gm charges, was exploded at a distance of 20 cm from the animals. It was found that combinations of fabric and spacing which resulted in the underwear's remaining intact resulted in the greatest protection. In general, fireretardant treated material was superior to untreated material, and increasing the air space between the two layers decreased severity of the resulting burns. (auth)

The formalism of Glassgold, Heckrotte, and Watson for the expansion of the quantum-mechanical grand partition function has been applied to a gas of point charges. The theory was extended to a multicomponent gas of fermions and bosons, and the ring diagrams were summed to give an approximate expression for the equation of state valid for the entire temperature range. The near-classical limit (high-temperature and low-density so that the gas is only slightly degenerate) is discussed in detail, and useful formulas for numerical computation of pressure and internal energy are derived from the general ring approximation to the equation of state. By expanding the chemical potential in powers of the coupling constant e/sup 2/, it is possible to eliminate the parametric dependence of pressure and density on the chemical potential and obtain the pressure as a function of density. The classical-limit Debye-Huckel results are obtained when h approaches 0. A general form of the screening length is obtained with the effective screening charge as z/sub i/e THETA /sub i/, where THETA /sub i/ is a measure of the degeneracy of the particle species i. The contribution to the pressure from the simplest exchange interaction valid for all temperatares is evaluated exactly. …

BS>(((((Unscannable abstract)))))