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Ferdinandina: First White Settlement in Oklahoma (open access)

Ferdinandina: First White Settlement in Oklahoma

Article describes the establishment of the historical trading post "Ferdinandina" by French explorers and the American Indian groups who settled in the same area through exploration of accounts made by Claude du Tisné and Bénard de la Harpe. Leslie A. McRill compares these accounts to the excavation of village sites by Dr. Joseph B. Thoburn.
Date: Summer 1963
Creator: McRill, Leslie A.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Seneca Sub-Agency, 1832-1838 (open access)

Seneca Sub-Agency, 1832-1838

Article describes the history of the Seneca Sub-Agency, established after a group of Senecas were removed to the Ottawa and Delaware Counties of Oklahoma in the Antebellum period. Frank H. Harris discusses government relations with the groups and the agents that worked on their behalf.
Date: Summer 1964
Creator: Harris, Frank H.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Drive for Statehood in Oklahoma, 1889-1906 (open access)

The Drive for Statehood in Oklahoma, 1889-1906

Article describes the development of Oklahoma statehood, including the divisive nature of the "Separate" vs. "Single" Statehood adoption of the Oklahoma and Indian Territories. Charles Wayne Ellinger provides documentation of the views of territory residents, representatives of the American Indian Nations, and government officials in the process.
Date: Spring 1963
Creator: Ellinger, Charles Wayne
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Inland Prairie Town (open access)

The Inland Prairie Town

Article describes life at inland prairie towns that were established before railroads, and how some became county seats in Oklahoma. Albert S. Giles, Sr., describes his own personal experience at towns like these, including the people who offered services there, circuit riders, and camp houses.
Date: Autumn 1965
Creator: Giles, Albert S., Sr.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 45, Number 2, Summer 1967 (open access)

Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 45, Number 2, Summer 1967

Quarterly publication containing articles, book reviews, photographs, illustrations, and other works documenting Oklahoma history and preservation.
Date: Summer 1967
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
An Open Letter from Too-Qua-Stee to Congressman Charles Curtis, 1898 (open access)

An Open Letter from Too-Qua-Stee to Congressman Charles Curtis, 1898

Article outlines the author's disapproval of provisions of the Curtis Act that closed the governments of the Five Civilized Tribes in Oklahoma. The article starts with an introduction by the editor explaining the background of the letter.
Date: Autumn 1969
Creator: Duncan, DeWitt Clinton & Wright, Muriel H. (Muriel Hazel), 1889-1975
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 40 Index, 1962 (open access)

Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 40 Index, 1962

Quarterly publication containing articles, book reviews, photographs, illustrations, and other works documenting Oklahoma history and preservation.
Date: 1962
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 46 Index, 1968 (open access)

Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 46 Index, 1968

Quarterly publication containing articles, book reviews, photographs, illustrations, and other works documenting Oklahoma history and preservation.
Date: 1968
Creator: Oklahoma Historical Society
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Heritage to Share (open access)

A Heritage to Share

Article tells the story of Ida Fancher's recollections traveling to a dugout home in Cheyenne-Arapaho country, as well as marrying on the Oklahoma frontier and raising her own pioneer family. Very Holding provides a rich description of the interview and outside context.
Date: Spring 1964
Creator: Holding, Vera Zumwalt
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Colonel W. B. Hazen in the Indian Territory 1868-1869 (open access)

Colonel W. B. Hazen in the Indian Territory 1868-1869

Article discusses the military career of Colonel William Babcock Hazen, with particular focus on his tenure as a special military agent at Fort Cobb from 1868-1869. Marvin Kroeker discusses the man's work in Indian Territory as well as the state of American Indian tribes and their relations with the U.S. government during this time.
Date: Spring 1964
Creator: Kroeker, Marvin E., 1928-
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Reminiscences of Jim Tomm (open access)

Reminiscences of Jim Tomm

Article provides reminiscences of Jim Tomm, a freedman who was born into slavery on the plantation of George Stidham in the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and freed during the Civil War. L. M. S. Wilson compiles these memories of Tomm's life before, during, and after the Civil War.
Date: Autumn 1966
Creator: Wilson, L. M. S. & Tomm, Jim
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Green Yeargain and Star Route 32024 (open access)

Green Yeargain and Star Route 32024

Article describes the life and career of one of the first mail carriers of Tulsa, Green Yeargain, and the route he took to deliver mail, Star Route 32024. Louise Morse Whitham includes the story of Yeargain's interview with an advisor of the Tulsa Historical Society, Lilah D. Lindsey.
Date: Summer 1966
Creator: Whitham, Louise Morse
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Lee Compere and the Creek Indians (open access)

Lee Compere and the Creek Indians

Article describes the work of Reverend Lee Compere, missionary to the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, and the abuse he suffered by white commissioners investigating the killing of General William McIntosh. Carolyn Thomas Foreman investigates the state of government relations with the Muscogees (Creeks) during the early nineteenth century.
Date: Autumn 1964
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Prehistory in Oklahoma (open access)

Prehistory in Oklahoma

Article examines human communities in prehistoric Oklahoma through investigation of evidence found in archaeological sites. A. M. Gibson discusses how these findings illustrate the way of life early hunters followed, and the growth and development of this way of life.
Date: Spring 1965
Creator: Gibson, Arrell M.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From the Brazos to the North Fork: The Autobiography of Otto Koeltzow, Part One (open access)

From the Brazos to the North Fork: The Autobiography of Otto Koeltzow, Part One

Article provides and introduction to and includes an excerpt of the autobiography of Otto Koeltzow, a migrant from Germany who homesteaded Greer County, Oklahoma Territory and weathered many difficulties to establish a community there.
Date: Summer 1962
Creator: Gibson, Arrell M.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
From the Brazos to the North Fork: The Autobiography of Otto Koeltzow, Part Two (open access)

From the Brazos to the North Fork: The Autobiography of Otto Koeltzow, Part Two

Article continues the excerpt of the autobiography of Otto Koeltzow, a migrant from Germany who homesteaded Greer County, Oklahoma Territory, in this second part of A. M. Gibson's article. Koeltzow discusses life in a dugout, interactions with other homesteaders, farming, and the move to Kiowa County.
Date: Autumn 1962
Creator: Gibson, Arrell M.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
An Indian Territory United Nations: The Creek Council of 1845 (open access)

An Indian Territory United Nations: The Creek Council of 1845

Article discusses the meetings of delegates from the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, Seminole, Kickapoo, Shawnee, Caddo, Wichita, Quapaw, Osage, Kiowa, and Pawnee tribes in council to discuss the issues of Indian Territory in the nineteenth century. A. M. Gibson includes a record of the proceedings by Cherokee Agent Pierce M. Butler and edited by newspaper editor William P. Ross.
Date: Winter 1961
Creator: Gibson, Arrell M.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Joe Kagey: Indian Educator (open access)

Joe Kagey: Indian Educator

Article describes the life and career of Joe Kagey. A. M. Gibson specifically focuses on his contributions at the Seneca Indian School and to the history of education of American Indian youth.
Date: Spring 1960
Creator: Gibson, Arrell M.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Angelo Cyrus Scott: Leader in Higher Education, Oklahoma Territory (open access)

Angelo Cyrus Scott: Leader in Higher Education, Oklahoma Territory

Article highlights the accomplishments of Oklahoma State University's fifth president, Angelo Cyrus Scott.
Date: Spring 1969
Creator: Rulon, Philip Reed
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The Oklahoma Historical Society Stagecoach (open access)

The Oklahoma Historical Society Stagecoach

Article explores the history of an American stagecoach donated to the Oklahoma Historical Society by the Miller Brothers of 101 Ranch in 1921. John and Mildred Frizzell also describe two other stagecoaches in Oklahoma today and provide pictures of the vehicle.
Date: Spring 1963
Creator: Frizzell, John & Frizzell, Mildred A.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Charles Newton Gould: "Covered Wagon Geologist" (open access)

Charles Newton Gould: "Covered Wagon Geologist"

Article describes the experiences and work of the "covered wagon geologist" Charles N. Gould. Mildred Armor Frizzell provides context to excerpts of the pioneer's autobiography, where he discussed his work conducting geological surveys and teaching at the University of Oklahoma.
Date: Summer 1960
Creator: Frizzell, Mildred A.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
The White Lieutenant and Some of His Contemporaries (open access)

The White Lieutenant and Some of His Contemporaries

Article constructs a portrait of the career and leadership of the White Lieutenant, Chief Alexander McGillivray of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, through correspondence from the late eighteenth century. Carolyn Thomas Foreman provides context to the conflict between the Cowetas and the Okfuskees and other issues represented here.
Date: Winter 1960
Creator: Foreman, Carolyn Thomas, 1872-1967
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
A Historiography of The Five Civilized Tribes: A Chronological Approach (open access)

A Historiography of The Five Civilized Tribes: A Chronological Approach

Article illustrates the rise and fall of The Five Civilized Tribes, a tribal government located in present-day Oklahoma. The article chronicles the history of interactions between European settlers and American Indians in the region.
Date: Autumn 1969
Creator: Howard, Robert Palmer
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Confederate Indian Forces Outside of Indian Territory (open access)

Confederate Indian Forces Outside of Indian Territory

Article narrates the battles fought by American Indian and Confederate regiments against the Union during the American Civil War. The battles described were fought outside of Indian Territory, the site of modern day Oklahoma.
Date: Summer 1968
Creator: Fischer, LeRoy H. & Gill, Jerry L.
Object Type: Article
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History