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Oral History Interview with Carol Uranga, July 21, 2016
Carol Uranga was born in 1949 in Marathon, Texas, but she was raised in Alpine, Texas. Growing up in Alpine and later in Pecos, she saw LULAC and the Brown Berets and Raza Unida Party protest and demand civil rights for Mexican Americans. Uranga graduated from central High School in Alpine in 1968. She moved to Pecos, Texas in 1974 when she married. In Pecos she became involved with women’s rights and LULAC, going to various civil rights conferences in other parts of the state. Indeed, Uranga helped organize what was perhaps the first women’s empowerment conference in West Texas, in Pecos in 1976 or 1977. Uranga moved to Odessa in the mid-1980s, where she helped re-start a LULAC chapter. She has since hosted radio shows centered on the Mexican American culture, she has helped start scholarship programs, local cultural events, including the nonprofit Hispanic Heritage of Odessa.
Date:
July 21, 2016
Creator:
Wisely, Karen; Zapata, Joel & Uranga, Carol
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Cedrick Granberry, June 24, 2015
Interview with Cedrick Granberry, a barber and business owner from Tyler, Texas. In his interview, Granberry discusses his early life, his education at Tyler public schools, his experiences with racial discrimination and his involvement with the NAACP.
Date:
June 24, 2015
Creator:
Granberry, Cedirck; Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés; Dulaney, W. Marvin & Bynum, Katherine
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Celestino Mendez, June 16, 2016
Mr. Mendez was born and raised in the San Marcos area, where he attended the "Mexican school". He reminisced on the pervasive discrimination against Mexican Americans during his youth. His studies at Texas State were interrupted by the draft during the Korean War years. Mr. Mendez was a member of a political alliance between Mexican Americans, liberal Anglos and African Americans in San Marcos; this coalition, later called Hays County Independent Party, helped elect some of the first minority public officials in the city. Mr. Mendez was the first Mexican American trustee in the San Marcos school board; during his tenure, he pushed for the integration of the local schools. In the mid 1970s, a cross was burned in his front lawn; the act was attributed to the Ku Klux Klan. Mr. Mendez also reminisced on a major boycott of the San Marcos schools in 1972.
Date:
June 16, 2016
Creator:
Sinta, Vinicio & Mendez, Celestino
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Chance Henson, June 30, 2016
Chance Henson discussed his "coming out" story, his work to help other LGBT members of the community, and particularly his work to found Beaumont's first ever Pride parade/movement.
Date:
June 30, 2016
Creator:
Grevious, Danielle & Henson, Chance
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Charles Lee and Toddrick Proctor, July 21, 2016
Mr. Lee grew up in Conroe. He attended and graduated from Booker T. Washington. In the mid-1960s, he was part of a protest of Walgreen's drug store, demanding integration. He and two others were arrested for their actions and only released when the FBI intervened. Mr. Lee then worked several jobs before becoming a minister. In his interview, he describes segregation in Conroe, police brutality, the Walgreen's march, discrimination at work, Conroe Bible College, interracial relationships, and the continued struggles of the African-American community in Conroe. Mr. Proctor also grew up in Conroe. He attended Conroe's schools, graduated from high school, worked in the timber industry, and became a truck driver. In his interview, Mr. Proctor describes his experience growing up in Conroe in the 1980s and 1990s, the continued prevalence of racial discrimination, Ku Klux Klan recruiting efforts in the 1990s, a riot over Klan activity at the high school in the 1990s, the economic and systemic decline of the historically African-American parts of Conroe, and the many ways Conroe has re-segregated.
Date:
July 21, 2016
Creator:
Lee, Charles; Proctor, Toddrick; May, Meredith & Howard, Jasmin
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Charles Urdy on June 17, 2016.
Urdy talks about his life, politics, his time at Prairie View and student activism there; going to University of Texas as a black graduate student.
Date:
June 17, 2016
Creator:
Arionus, Steve & Urdy , Charles
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Charlotte Stokes, June 24, 2016
Mrs. Stokes was born and raised in Nacogdoches. She is the daughter of Arthur Weaver, the founder of the NAACP in Nacogdoches. She then became a teacher in Washington DC and St. Louis. She returned to Nacogdoches in the late 1970s, where she worked at Head Start. Retired now, she is active in civic organizations, particularly the annual Juneteenth celebration. In her interview, Mrs. Stokes describes her childhood in Nacogdoches, the difficulties of segregation, her father's activism, and the community activism she's been involved in in Nacogdoches since her return in the 1970s.
Date:
June 24, 2016
Creator:
Howard, Jasmine; May, Meredith & Stokes, Charlotte
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Chris Escobar, July 25, 2016
Chris Escobar is an artist activist who does outreach at La Casa de la Cultura in Del Rio. In the interview, he speaks about migrant work, his father as a vaquero, going on the migrant trail, etc. He also speaks about college and the difficulties of being poor and its attendant effects on his studies at St Edwards & UTEP. He talks a little bit about Austin & learning from Raúl Valdez.
Date:
July 25, 2016
Creator:
Sinta, Vinicio; Arionus, Steve & Escobar, Chris
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Chris Reyes Mendeke, July 15, 2016
Cresencia Reyes Mendeke ("Chris") was born in the late 20s and raised in Uvalde during the Great Depression. In her interview, she talked about the strict segregation in the town during those years. She attended a "Mexican school" for her early education, and recalled the neglect and disinterest in educating the Mexican American children. She also talked about her father's role as a benefactor in their neighborhood, and of his relationship with a prominent family of Anglo business owners. After finishing school and working in a local Penney's store for some time, Mendeke married and moved around, as she and her husband looked for opportunities in and out of Uvalde. Eventually, they settled in the Los Angeles area, and found professional work. Later, they became licensed realtors and opened their own office in Buena Park. After several decades, the Mendekes retired and moved back to Uvalde in the eighties, and Chris was determined to get involved in local affairs. She joined the local Democratic party and helped run local campaigns; she was also a ranking member of the Mexican American Democrats (later the Tejano Democrats). In recent years, Mendeke spearheaded the restoration and marking of the Nicolas Street School, the …
Date:
July 15, 2016
Creator:
Sinta, Vinicio; Arionus, Steve & Mendeke, Chris Reyes
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Christina Morales on June 30, 2016.
Christina Morales was born in the East End, a Mexican-American enclave in Houston, TX. As the granddaughter of Felix H. Morales and Angela Morales, she grew up in the Morales Funeral Home and became the director at the young age of twenty-three. Morales discusses the many efforts of her grandparents to provide social services for the Latina/o community. She speaks about how her grandmother was dedicated to philanthropy and how she has become involved in education campaigns through the Morales foundation. Morales also talks about how her grandfather established the first Spanish-language radio station, KLVL, and how it provided news and job advertisements.The Morales Funeral home had to establish their own cemetery because they ran into issues when trying to bury Mexican-Americans in Houston, and what it means for the community to memorialize the many efforts of her grandparents.
Date:
June 30, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Morales, Christina
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Christy Martinez-Garcia, June 14, 2016
Christy Martinez-Garcia was born and raised in Lubbock. She attended Lubbock High School, Lamar University, and completed her degree at Texas Tech University. After college, Martinez-Garcia worked for the Lubbock city government and then for the National Council of La Raza in Washington D.C. Upon her return to Lubbock, Martinez-Garcia sought to counter the local media narrative that mostly only depicted Hispanics as criminals or only immigrants. Thus, she founded the magazine, Latino Lubbock. She also ran for a position in the Lubbock ISD Board of Trustees. Martinez-Garcia has participated in numerous community organizations and was responsible for the naming of Cesar Chavez street in Lubbock as well as having a historical marker for a what once a migrant labor camp.
Date:
June 14, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés & Martinez-Garcia, Christy
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Clarice Watkins, June 25, 2015
Interview with Clarice Watkins, a Justice of the Peace from Marshall, Texas. In the interview, Watkins discusses her background, education, racial violence, community activism, integration, experiences with discrimination, and her radio career.
Date:
June 25, 2015
Creator:
Watkins, Clarice & Bynum, Katherine
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Claude Axel, July 28, 2016
Discussed his career as a minister and an assistant principal in Corpus Christi.
Date:
July 28, 2016
Creator:
Axel, Claude; Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés & Wall, James
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Claude Frost, June 11, 2016
Claude Frost was born in Houston and lived in Clinton Park, a neighborhood near Houston's Ship Channel. He recall's his experiences growing up in the area, and how an instance of police brutality (the killing of his neighbor) sparked his activism. Furthermore, he discusses the role of the Peoples Party II in the community, the Dowling Street Shootout in detail, and the aftermath of Carl Hampton's death. Mr. Frost also discusses how the Black Panther Party was established in Houston and how his work through the BPP influenced his adult life.
Date:
June 11, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Frost, Claude
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Claudia Stravato and Seldon Hale, June 22, 2016
Claudia Stravato was born and raised in Dallas, Texas. She attended a mostly Mexican American high school in Downtown Dallas and then graduate with a BA and MA in political science from West Texas A&M University (then West Texas State University). She has been a lifelong advocate for voting rights and women’s health rights. She served as CEO of the Amarillo Planned Parenthood from 1999 to 2009. She has worked in numerous political campaigns at the state and local levels and various government agencies.
Date:
June 22, 2016
Creator:
Zapata, Joel; Stravato, Claudia & Hale, Seldon
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Claudis Minor on June 25, 2016
Claudis talks about his parents working at Kelly Field; discrimination at Kelly; segregation in San Antonio; sports--black and brown; his time in the military--stationed in Ethiopia; SNCC in San Antonio;
Date:
June 25, 2016
Creator:
Arionus, Steve & Minor , Claudis
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Cleveland Walters, July 28, 2016
Mr. Walters was born and raised in Ames, Texas. He grew up on his family's farm; his father worked as a cowboy on a nearby ranch. He attended the Catholic school in Ames, a Creole settlement, until junior high, when he attended West Liberty High. In 1969, he participated in integration. After persistent discrimination, he left high school and joined the military, where he stayed until 1976. He then began work at Texaco. In his interview, Mr. Walters describes the history of Ames, his father's career and encounters with racism, the difficulties of integration, and discrimination in both the military and at work.
Date:
July 28, 2016
Creator:
May, Meredith & Walters, Cleveland
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Clifton Lyons and Diana O'Neal
Diana Lyons was born in Galveston, Texas in 1954, and grew up on the west side of the Island. Although she experienced integration during her school years, Lyons faced discrimination in the schools she attended, including colorism and being placed in Special Education classes due to her behavior. Lyons also witnessed several episodes of racial tension on the Island. She would drop out of school and attend beauty and nursing school. Most recently, she has been involved in the Residents’ council of the Holland House, a public housing building, where the group addresses the needs of the community.Clifton O’Neal was born in Galveston, Texas in 1954. He group up in housing projects such as Palm Terrace and Oak Terrace. He attended Booker T. Washington, and all-Black school, where he had teachers that cared about his success. O’Neal began attending Ball High School in 1969, and was part of the first integrated class. O’Neal witnessed racial tensions in Galveston as he grew up during the Island’s integration. He currently serves as the President of the Holland House’s Resident’s Council, where he serves as a liaison between the community and the administration.
Date:
June 29, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Lyons, Diana
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Clyde James, June 27, 2016
Clyde “Chico” James grew up in segregated 1940s and 1970s Lubbock. He later graduated from the University of Texas at Austin. He spent time in Mexico City and has lived between Lubbock and Mexico City for several decades. In Lubbock, James has been active in city politics and neighborhood associations. Specifically, James helped start an effort to save a Lubbock magnet school attended by Mexican Americans from destruction by a anti-Mexican school board.
Date:
June 27, 2016
Creator:
Wisely, Karen; Zapata, Joel & James, Clyde
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Cody Wheeler, July 25, 2016
Cody Wheeler was born in Dalhart, Texas in 1985. He moved to Pasadena with his family in 1991. Wheeler developed a political consciousness as a young kid due to his father's union involvement. He attended schools in the Pasadena Independent School District and graduated from Deer Park High School. In 2003, he joined the Marines and did tours in Iraq. Upon his return from the war, he enrolled at the University of Houston. The persistent stark differences between North and South Pasadena pushed him to successfully run for city council member in 2013. During his campaign, he made an attempt to educate his constituents and get them out to vote. As a member of city council, he has been a witness to the voting rights violations resulting from the redistricting of Pasadena (which he describes in detail). Wheeler also described his unsuccessful run for state representative for district 144 in 2016.
Date:
July 25, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Wheeler, Cody
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Cornelia Harris Banks, July 6, 2016
Cornelia Harris Banks was born in Galveston in 1947.She grew up in a neighborhood on the South of Broadway, which was a mixed neighborhood. Harris Banks witnessed segregated public spaces on the Island and the integration of schools in the 1960s. She graduated from high school in 1965 and attended Pepperdine University in Los Angeles, where she remained until 1996. Upon her return to Galveston in the late 1990s, she became very involved in the community. Subsequently, Harris Banks became the first African American Woman City Council member on the Island in 2000. During her tenure, she became involved in housing efforts (which she continues to work on in present day), in creating parks and recreation spaces, and revitalizing Galveston in the aftermath of Hurricane Ike in 2008. Harris Banks is also involved in the local chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority and in local preservation efforts that highlight the history of African Americans in Galveston.
Date:
July 6, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra; Rodriguez, Samantha & Banks, Cornelia Harris
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Cristina Martinez June 6, 2016.
Cristina E. Martinez was born in 1961 in Nuevo Laredo, Mexico. Arriving in the United States when she was twelve years old, her family settled in Katy, a northeastern suburb of Houston, Texas. She witnessed sexual discrimination due to her unwillingness to hide that she was a Mexican lesbian. Martinez would eventually be kicked out of her house and was taken in by LGBTQ members of the Montrose community. Due to her experiences, she would found a Rainbow House for queer youth who experienced homelessness. She has participated in several efforts to address Latina/o queer issues, including the founding of a Gay and Lesbian Rainbow Pages of supportive businesses and a Gay and Lesbian Chamber of Commerce in San Antonio. She discusses how Latina/o LGBTQ issues have been left out of the mainstream LGBTQ movement as well as discrimination within the Latina/o community. Martinez also talks about her involvement in fundraising and organizing efforts through the Gay and Lesbian Latino Organization and the creation of AIDS advocacy campaigns. Due to her work in the Queer community, she has received numerous awards.
Date:
June 29, 2016
Creator:
Enriquez, Sandra & Martinez, Cristina
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Curtis Clerkley, July 19, 2016
Mr. Clerkley discussed his career as a local educator and the history of the black community in Corpus Christi
Date:
July 19, 2016
Creator:
Acuña-Gurrola, Moisés; Wall, James & Clerkley, Curtis
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Cynthia Davis, June 21, 2016
Ms. Davis is a lifelong resident of Lufkin, Texas. She was born with cerebral palsy, but she adapted to her handicap. She chose to go to Lufkin High School prior to forced integration. She became a special education teacher, although she had difficulty with promotions. She has been responsible for most of the caregiving in her family. In the interview, Ms. Davis discusses what segregated Lufkin was like, the difficulty she faced as part of the integration process at Lufkin High School, her education, overcoming a disability, her experience as a victim of domestic abuse, difficulty raising her children, and her life as a caregiver for multiple family members, including her parents and grandchildren.
Date:
June 21, 2016
Creator:
Davis, Cynthia & Howard, Jasmin
Object Type:
Video
System:
The Portal to Texas History