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Actinic characterization of EUV bump-type phase defects (open access)

Actinic characterization of EUV bump-type phase defects

Despite tremendous progress and learning with EUV lithography, quantitative experimental information about the severity of point-like phase defects remains in short supply. We present a study of measured, EUV aerial images from a series of well-characterized, open-field, bump-type programmed phase defects, created on a substrate before multilayer deposition.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Goldberg, Kenneth A.; Mochi, Iacopo & Liang, Ted
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
China/Taiwan: Evolution of the "One China" Policy --Key Statements from Washington, Beijing, and Taipei (open access)

China/Taiwan: Evolution of the "One China" Policy --Key Statements from Washington, Beijing, and Taipei

Report that reviews the relationship between the United States, Taiwan, and China, and comprehensively reviews the evolution of the "one China" issue as it has been articulated in key statements by Washington, Beijing, and Taipei.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Kan, Shirley A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Competition in Federal Contracting: An Overview of the Legal Requirements (open access)

Competition in Federal Contracting: An Overview of the Legal Requirements

This report describes the competition requirements currently governing the procurement activities of federal agencies. It addresses several issues, including what contracts are subject to competition requirements, what constitutes full and open competition for government contracts, and the circumstances permitting agencies to award contracts on the basis of other than full and open competition. It also briefly describes the benefits and drawbacks of competition, situates recent reform efforts within their historical context, and discusses how the policy debates surrounding competition in federal contracting can shape legislative responses.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Manuel, Kate M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Criminal Prohibitions on the Publication of Classified Defense Information (open access)

Criminal Prohibitions on the Publication of Classified Defense Information

The recent online publication of classified defense documents by the organization WikiLeaks and subsequent reporting by the New York Times and other news media have focused attention on whether such publication violates U.S. criminal law. The Justice Department and Department of Defense are investigating the circumstances to determine whether any prosecutions will be undertaken in connection with the disclosure. This report discusses the statutory prohibitions that may be implicated, including the Espionage Act; the extraterritorial application of such statutes; and the First Amendment implications related to such prosecutions against domestic or foreign media organizations and associated individuals. The report provides a summary of recent legislation relevant to the issue as well as some previous efforts to criminalize the unauthorized disclosure of classified information.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Elsea, Jennifer K.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Dark Shadows (open access)

Dark Shadows

The U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, the Solar Electric Power Association, the Utility Wind Integration Group, and the U.S. Department of Energy hosted a day-long public workshop on the variability of photovoltaic (PV) plants. The workshop brought together utilities, PV system developers, power system operators, and several experts to discuss the potential impacts of PV variability and uncertainty on power system operations.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Mills, Andrew; Ahlstrom, Mark; Brower, Michael; Ellis, Abraham; George, Ray; Hoff, Tom et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Electronic Structure of Crystalline 4He at High Pressures (open access)

Electronic Structure of Crystalline 4He at High Pressures

Using inelastic X-ray scattering techniques, we have succeeded in probing the high-pressure electronic structure of helium crystal at 300 K which has the widest known electronic energy bandgap of all materials, that was previously inaccessible to measurements due to the extreme energy and pressure range. We observed rich electron excitation spectrum, including a cut-off edge above 23 eV, a sharp exciton peak showing linear volume dependence, and a series of excitations and continuum at 26 to 45 eV. We determined electronic dispersion along the {Gamma}-M direction over two Brillouin zones, and provided a quantitative picture of the helium exciton beyond the simplified Wannier-Frenkel description.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Mao, Ho Kwang; Shirley, Eric L.; Ding, Yang; Eng, Peter; Cai, Yong Q.; Chow, Paul et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Element-specific study of epitaxial NiO/Ag/CoO/Fe films grown on vicinal Ag(001) using photoemission electron microscopy (open access)

Element-specific study of epitaxial NiO/Ag/CoO/Fe films grown on vicinal Ag(001) using photoemission electron microscopy

NiO/Ag/CoO/Fe single crystalline films are grown epitaxially on a vicinal Ag(001) substrate using molecular beam epitaxy and investigated by photoemission electron microscopy. We find that after zero-field cooling, the in-plane Fe magnetization switches from parallel to perpendicular direction of the atomic steps of the vicinal surface at thinner CoO thickness but remains in its original direction parallel to the steps at thicker CoO thickness. CoO and NiO domain imaging result shows that both CoO/Fe and NiO/CoO spins are perpendicularly coupled, suggesting that the Fe magnetization switching may be associated with the rotatable-frozen spin transition of the CoO film.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Meng, Y.; Li, J.; Tan, A.; Jin, E.; Son, J.; Park, J. S. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
European Union Enlargement: A Status Report on Turkey's Accession Negotiations (open access)

European Union Enlargement: A Status Report on Turkey's Accession Negotiations

This report provides a brief overview of the European Union's (EU) accession process, Turkey's path to EU membership, and the impact of the Cyprus problem.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Morelli, Vincent
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Monday, January 10, 2011 (open access)

The Express-Star (Chickasha, Okla.), Ed. 1 Monday, January 10, 2011

Daily newspaper from Chickasha, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Wray, Kelly
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Gateway to Oklahoma History
F-35 Alternate Engine Program: Background and Issues for Congress (open access)

F-35 Alternate Engine Program: Background and Issues for Congress

The administration's proposal to terminate the alternate engine program for the F-35 Lightning II fighter is a significant issue for Congress in FY2012, with implications for the defense budget, military capability in the future, and the division of power between Congress and the executive branch. This report discusses these issues.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Gertler, Jeremiah
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Federal Register, Volume 76, Number 6, January 10, 2011, Pages 1333-1510 (open access)

Federal Register, Volume 76, Number 6, January 10, 2011, Pages 1333-1510

Daily publication of the U.S. Office of the Federal Register contains rules and regulations, proposed legislation and rule changes, and other notices, including "Presidential proclamations and Executive Orders, Federal agency documents having general applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published by act of Congress, and other Federal agency documents of public interest" (p. ii). Table of Contents starts on page iii.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: United States. Office of the Federal Register.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Future of the Eurozone and U.S. Interests (open access)

The Future of the Eurozone and U.S. Interests

Seventeen of the European Union's 27 member states share an economic and monetary union (EMU) with the euro as a single currency. These countries are effectively referred to as the Eurozone. What has become known as the Eurozone crisis began in early 2010 when financial markets were shaken by heightened concerns that the fiscal positions of a number of Eurozone countries, beginning with Greece, were unsustainable. This report provides background information and analysis on the future of the Eurozone in six parts, including discussions on the origins and design challenges of the Eurozone, proposals to define the Eurozone crisis, possible scenarios for the future of the Eurozone, and the implications of the Eurozone crisis for U.S. economic and political interests.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Ahearn, Raymond J.; Jackson, James K.; Nelson, Rebecca M. & Weiss, Martin A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geoengineering: Governance and Technology Policy (open access)

Geoengineering: Governance and Technology Policy

This report is intended as a primer on the policy issues, science, and governance of geoengineering technologies. The report will first set the policy parameters under which geoengineering technologies may be considered. It will then describe selected technologies in detail and discuss their status. The third section provides a discussion of possible approaches to governmental involvement in, and oversight of, geoengineering, including a summary of domestic and international instruments and institutions that may affect geoengineering projects.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Bracmort, Kelsi; Lattanzio, Richard K. & Barbour, Emily C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Gyrokinetic Statistical Absolute Equilibrium and Turbulence (open access)

Gyrokinetic Statistical Absolute Equilibrium and Turbulence

A paradigm based on the absolute equilibrium of Galerkin-truncated inviscid systems to aid in understanding turbulence [T.-D. Lee, "On some statistical properties of hydrodynamical and magnetohydrodynamical fields," Q. Appl. Math. 10, 69 (1952)] is taken to study gyrokinetic plasma turbulence: A finite set of Fourier modes of the collisionless gyrokinetic equations are kept and the statistical equilibria are calculated; possible implications for plasma turbulence in various situations are discussed. For the case of two spatial and one velocity dimension, in the calculation with discretization also of velocity v with N grid points (where N + 1 quantities are conserved, corresponding to an energy invariant and N entropy-related invariants), the negative temperature states, corresponding to the condensation of the generalized energy into the lowest modes, are found. This indicates a generic feature of inverse energy cascade. Comparisons are made with some classical results, such as those of Charney-Hasegawa-Mima in the cold-ion limit. There is a universal shape for statistical equilibrium of gyrokinetics in three spatial and two velocity dimensions with just one conserved quantity. Possible physical relevance to turbulence, such as ITG zonal flows, and to a critical balance hypothesis are also discussed.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Zhu, Jian-Zhou & Hammett, Gregory W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund Expenditures (open access)

Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund Expenditures

In 1986, the Harbor Maintenance Tax (HMT) was enacted to fund U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE or the Corps) activities related to the routine operation and maintenance (O&M) of harbors, namely the dredging of harbor channels to their authorized depths and widths. Economic and equity issues related to HMT expenditures and collections are the main focus of this report. Before analyzing these issues, the report reviews the legislative history of the tax and legal challenges to it, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of alternative funding mechanisms, and describes the commercial context of current dredging activity. The last section identifies legislation related to harbor maintenance funding.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Frittelli, John
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
High-Performance Language Interoperability for Scientific Computing through Babel (open access)

High-Performance Language Interoperability for Scientific Computing through Babel

None
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Epperly, Thomas G. W.; Kumfert, Gary; Dahlgren, Tamara; Ebner, Dietmar; Leek, Jim; Kohn, Scott et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Improvement of snowpack simulations in a regional climate model (open access)

Improvement of snowpack simulations in a regional climate model

To improve simulations of regional-scale snow processes and related cold-season hydroclimate, the Community Land Model version 3 (CLM3), developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), was coupled with the Pennsylvania State University/NCAR fifth-generation Mesoscale Model (MM5). CLM3 physically describes the mass and heat transfer within the snowpack using five snow layers that include liquid water and solid ice. The coupled MM5–CLM3 model performance was evaluated for the snowmelt season in the Columbia River Basin in the Pacific Northwestern United States using gridded temperature and precipitation observations, along with station observations. The results from MM5–CLM3 show a significant improvement in the SWE simulation, which has been underestimated in the original version of MM5 coupled with the Noah land-surface model. One important cause for the underestimated SWE in Noah is its unrealistic land-surface structure configuration where vegetation, snow and the topsoil layer are blended when snow is present. This study demonstrates the importance of the sheltering effects of the forest canopy on snow surface energy budgets, which is included in CLM3. Such effects are further seen in the simulations of surface air temperature and precipitation in regional weather and climate models such as MM5. In addition, the snow-season surface albedo …
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Jin, J. & Miller, N. L.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Initial-state quark energy loss from DrellYan productionin proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions (open access)

Initial-state quark energy loss from DrellYan productionin proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions

None
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Woehri, H K; Faccioli, P; Lourenco, C & Vogt, R
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Long-Term Hydrologic Monitoring Program Sampling and Analysis Results for 2010 (open access)

Long-Term Hydrologic Monitoring Program Sampling and Analysis Results for 2010

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Legacy Management conducted annual sampling at the Rulison, Colorado, Site for the Long-Term Hydrologic Monitoring Program (LTHMP) on May 10 and 11, 2010. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Radiation and Indoor Environments National Laboratory in Las Vegas, Nevada, analyzed the samples. Samples were analyzed for gamma-emitting radionuclides by high-resolution gamma spectroscopy and for tritium using the conventional and enriched methods.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: unknown
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The National Intelligence Council: Issues and Options for Congress (open access)

The National Intelligence Council: Issues and Options for Congress

The National Intelligence Council (NIC), composed of some 18 senior analysts and national security policy experts, provides the U.S. intelligence community's best judgments on crucial international issues. It is the purpose of this report to describe the statutory provisions that authorize the NIC, provide a brief history of its work, and review its role within the federal government. The report will focus on congressional interaction with the NIC and describe various options for modifying congressional oversight.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Best, Richard A., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nitrate Contamination in California Groundwater: An Integrated Approach to Basin Assessment and Resource Protection (open access)

Nitrate Contamination in California Groundwater: An Integrated Approach to Basin Assessment and Resource Protection

None
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Esser, B. K.; Hudson, G. B.; Moran, J. E.; Beller, H.; Carlsen, T.; Dooher, B. et al.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Obama Administration's Feed the Future Initiative (open access)

The Obama Administration's Feed the Future Initiative

The primary objectives of this report are to (1) provide a context for the state of food insecurity in the world; (2) provide an overview of the Obama Administration's global hunger and food security initiative, called Feed the Future; and (3) provide an overview of issues that the 112th Congress may consider in relation to agricultural development and global food security.
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Ho, Melissa D. & Hanrahan, Charles E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Oral History Interview with Robert Johnsmiller, January 10, 2011 transcript

Oral History Interview with Robert Johnsmiller, January 10, 2011

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Robert Johnsmiller. Johnsmiller joined the Marine Corps in April 1942. He was sent to the Solomon Islands and took part in the landing at Tanambogo as a member of the 3rd Battalion, 2nd Marines. Johnsmiller describes aiding a wounded corpsman and providing cover for a demolition man. He also discusses Japanese destroyers using search lights to seek out Marines at night, and an incident where he helped bury a large amount of crewmen from a badly damaged US cruiser. Johnsmiller also landed on Savo Island and then Guadalcanal where he describes losing a friend to enemy machine gun fire. He almost drowned in a training accident and was saved by another marine. Johnsmiller landed on Tarawa as an assistant squad leader and was wounded in the eye. He goes on to discuss attacking a key bunker in the Japanese defenses and losing many members of his squad. Johnsmiller describes being evacuated and the care that he received on a troop ship and then a hospital ship. His damaged eye was removed and he was assigned to help another marine who was completely blind. Johnsmiller discusses the personal impact …
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Johnsmiller, Robert
Object Type: Sound
System: The Portal to Texas History
Oral History Interview with Robert Johnsmiller, January 10, 2011 (open access)

Oral History Interview with Robert Johnsmiller, January 10, 2011

The National Museum of the Pacific War presents an oral interview with Robert Johnsmiller. Johnsmiller joined the Marine Corps in April 1942. He was sent to the Solomon Islands and took part in the landing at Tanambogo as a member of the 3rd Battalion, 2nd Marines. Johnsmiller describes aiding a wounded corpsman and providing cover for a demolition man. He also discusses Japanese destroyers using search lights to seek out Marines at night, and an incident where he helped bury a large amount of crewmen from a badly damaged US cruiser. Johnsmiller also landed on Savo Island and then Guadalcanal where he describes losing a friend to enemy machine gun fire. He almost drowned in a training accident and was saved by another marine. Johnsmiller landed on Tarawa as an assistant squad leader and was wounded in the eye. He goes on to discuss attacking a key bunker in the Japanese defenses and losing many members of his squad. Johnsmiller describes being evacuated and the care that he received on a troop ship and then a hospital ship. His damaged eye was removed and he was assigned to help another marine who was completely blind. Johnsmiller discusses the personal impact …
Date: January 10, 2011
Creator: Johnsmiller, Robert
Object Type: Text
System: The Portal to Texas History