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Cosmic Ray Interactions in Shielding Materials
This document provides a detailed study of materials used to shield against the hadronic particles from cosmic ray showers at Earth’s surface. This work was motivated by the need for a shield that minimizes activation of the enriched germanium during transport for the MAJORANA collaboration. The materials suitable for cosmic-ray shield design are materials such as lead and iron that will stop the primary protons, and materials like polyethylene, borated polyethylene, concrete and water that will stop the induced neutrons. The interaction of the different cosmic-ray components at ground level (protons, neutrons, muons) with their wide energy range (from kilo-electron volts to giga-electron volts) is a complex calculation. Monte Carlo calculations have proven to be a suitable tool for the simulation of nucleon transport, including hadron interactions and radioactive isotope production. The industry standard Monte Carlo simulation tool, Geant4, was used for this study. The result of this study is the assertion that activation at Earth’s surface is a result of the neutronic and protonic components of the cosmic-ray shower. The best material to shield against these cosmic-ray components is iron, which has the best combination of primary shielding and minimal secondary neutron production.
Date:
September 8, 2011
Creator:
Aguayo Navarrete, Estanislao; Kouzes, Richard T.; Ankney, Austin S.; Orrell, John L.; Berguson, Timothy J. & Troy, Meredith D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
New Developments in MadGraph/MadEvent
We here present some recent developments of MadGraph/MadEvent since the latest published version, 4.0. These developments include: Jet matching with Pythia parton showers for both Standard Model and Beyond the Standard Model processes, decay chain functionality, decay width calculation and decay simulation, process generation for the Grid, a package for calculation of quarkonium amplitudes, calculation of Matrix Element weights for experimental events, automatic dipole subtraction for next-to-leading order calculations, and an interface to FeynRules, a package for automatic calculation of Feynman rules and model files from the Lagrangian of any New Physics model.
Date:
November 8, 2011
Creator:
Alwall, Johan; Artoisenet, Pierre; de Visscher, Simon; Duhr, Claude; Frederix, Rikkert; Herquet, Michel et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Microarcsecond relative astrometry from the ground with a diffractive pupil
The practical use of astrometry to detect exoplanets via the reflex motion of the parent star depends critically on the elimination of systematic floors in imaging systems. In the diffractive pupil technique proposed for space-based detection of exo-earths, extended diffraction spikes generated by a dotted primary mirror are referenced against a wide-field grid of background stars to calibrate changing optical distortion and achieve microarcsecond astrometric precision on bright targets (Guyon et al. 2010). We describe applications of this concept to ground-based uncrowded astrometry using a diffractive, monopupil telescope and a wide-field camera to image as many as {approx}4000 background reference stars. Final relative astrometric precision is limited by differential tip/tilt jitter caused by high altitude layers of turbulence. A diffractive 3-meter telescope is capable of reaching {approx}35 {micro}as relative astrometric error per coordinate perpendicular to the zenith vector in three hours on a bright target star (I < 10) in fields of moderate stellar density ({approx}40 stars arcmin{sup -2} with I < 23). Smaller diffractive apertures (D < 1 m) can achieve 100-200 {micro}as performance with the same stellar density and exposure time and a large telescope (6.5-10 m) could achieve as low as 10 {micro}as, nearly an order of …
Date:
September 8, 2011
Creator:
Ammons, S. Mark; Bendek, Eduardo A. & Guyon, Olivier
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
LIFE: Recent Developments and Progress
Test results from the NIF show excellent progress toward achieving ignition. Experiments designed to verify coupling of the laser energy to the fusion target have shown that the efficiency meets that needed for ignition. Several tests with the cryogenic targets needed for ignition have been performed, and world-record neutron output produced. The National Ignition Campaign is on schedule to meet its 2012 ignition milestone, with the next phase in the campaign due to start later this month. It has been a busy and very productive year. The NIF is in full 24/7 operations and has progressed markedly in the path toward ignition. The long-standing goal of the National Ignition Campaign to demonstrate ignition by the end of FY 2012 is on track. The LIFE plant design has matured considerably, and a delivery plan established based on close interactions with vendors. National-level reviews of fusion are underway, and are due to present initial findings later this year. A value proposition has been drafted for review. The LIFE project is ready to move into the delivery phase.
Date:
April 8, 2011
Creator:
Anklam, T M
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The European Union's Reform Process: The Lisbon Treaty
This report provides information on the Lisbon Treaty and possible U.S.-EU implications that may be of interest to the 112th Congress.
Date:
February 8, 2011
Creator:
Archick, Kristin & Mix, Derek E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Summary for Policy Makers: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report Renewable Energy Sources (SRREN)
The Working Group III Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation (SRREN) presents an assessment of the literature on the scientific, technological, environmental, economic and social aspects of the contribution of six renewable energy (RE) sources to the mitigation of climate change. It is intended to provide policy relevant information to governments, intergovernmental processes and other interested parties. This Summary for Policymakers provides an overview of the SRREN, summarizing the essential findings. The SRREN consists of 11 chapters. Chapter 1 sets the context for RE and climate change; Chapters 2 through 7 provide information on six RE technologies, and Chapters 8 through 11 address integrative issues.
Date:
May 8, 2011
Creator:
Arvizu, Dan; Bruckner, Thomas; Christensen, John; Devernay, Jean-Michel; Faaij , Andre; Fischedick, Manfred et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Rare Earth Elements in National Defense: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress
This report covers concerns that Congress has expresses over U.S. acquisition of rare earth elements, particularly those used in various components of defense weapon systems. Specific concerns are the acquisition of these elements, especially from foreign sources such as China; how dependence of foreign sources affects national security; and methods for decreasing the relationship between reliance on foreign sources and national security.
Date:
June 8, 2011
Creator:
Bailey Grasso, Valerie
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fast Shower Simulation in the ATLAS Calorimeter
The time to simulate pp collisions in the ATLAS detector is largely dominated by the showering of electromagnetic particles in the heavy parts of the detector, especially the electromagnetic barrel and endcap calorimeters. Two procedures have been developed to accelerate the processing time of electromagnetic particles in these regions: (1) a fast shower parameterisation and (2) a frozen shower library. Both work by generating the response of the calorimeter to electrons and positrons with Geant 4, and then reintroduce the response into the simulation at runtime. In the fast shower parameterisation technique, a parameterization is tuned to single electrons and used later by simulation. In the frozen shower technique, actual showers from low-energy particles are used in the simulation. Full Geant 4 simulation is used to develop showers down to {approx} 1 GeV, at which point the shower is terminated by substituting a frozen shower. Judicious use of both techniques over the entire electromagnetic portion of the ATLAS calorimeter produces an important improvement of CPU time. We discuss the algorithms and their performance in this paper.
Date:
November 8, 2011
Creator:
Barberio, E.; Boudreau, J.; Butler, B.; Cheung, S. L.; Dell'Acqua, A.; Di Simone, A. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Overview of MEGa-ray-based Nuclear Materials Management Activities at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
None
Date:
June 8, 2011
Creator:
Barty, C. P.; Albert, F.; Anderson, S. G.; Armstrong, P.; Bayramian, A.; Beer, G. et al.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Libya: Transition and U.S. Policy
This report discusses the revolution and current conflict in Libya. The current crisis was triggered in mid-February 2011 by a chain of events in Benghazi and other eastern cities that quickly spiraled out of Qadhafi's control. Although Libyan opposition groups had called for a so-called "day of rage" on February 17 to commemorate protests that had occurred five years earlier, localized violence erupted prior to the planned national protests. As of April 25, U.S. and coalition officials stated that coalition military operations had destroyed the ability of the Libyan military to control Libyan airspace and had reduced the capability of Libyan ground forces by roughly 30%-40%.
Date:
December 8, 2011
Creator:
Blanchard, Christopher M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Comedy Night at the Muse featuring Kenny Howell]
Video recording from The Black Academy of Arts and Letters recorded during their Comedy Night at the Muse event in 2011. This video features a comedy performance by Kenny Howell live on stage at Clarence Muse Café Theatre with an opening act by comedian Denzel Snipes.
Date:
2011-10-08/2011-10-09
Creator:
Boyd, Kenneth
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Comedy Night at the Muse featuring Kenny Howell]
Video recording from The Black Academy of Arts and Letters recorded during their Comedy Night at the Muse event in 2011. This video features a comedy performance by Kenny Howell live on stage at Clarence Muse Café Theatre. The video cuts at 20:53 to a different comedy performance and cuts again at 38:36 to a presentation.
Date:
2011-10-08/2011-10-09
Creator:
Boyd, Kenneth
Object Type:
Video
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Final Technical Report for DOE Award DE-FG02-05ER63959
The goals of this work were: (1) to improve the University of Washington shallow cumulus parameterization, first developed by the PI's group for better simulation of shallow oceanic cumulus convection in the MM5 mesoscale model (Bretherton et al., 2004, Mon. Wea. Rev.); (2) to explore its applicability to deep (precipitating) cumulus convection; and (3) to explore fundamental physical issues related to this cumulus parameterization.
Date:
April 8, 2011
Creator:
Bretherton, Christopher S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Indian Reserved Water Rights Under the Winters Doctrine: An Overview
None
Date:
June 8, 2011
Creator:
Brougher, Cynthia
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 5, Ed. 1 Saturday, January 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
January 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 26, Ed. 1 Tuesday, February 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 46, Ed. 1 Tuesday, March 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
March 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 69, Ed. 1 Friday, April 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
April 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 112, Ed. 1 Wednesday, June 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
June 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 134, Ed. 1 Friday, July 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
July 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 177, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 199, Ed. 1 Saturday, October 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
October 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 220, Ed. 1 Tuesday, November 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
November 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Perry Daily Journal (Perry, Okla.), Vol. 119, No. 240, Ed. 1 Thursday, December 8, 2011
Daily newspaper from Perry, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
December 8, 2011
Creator:
Brown, Gloria
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History