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1,738 Matching Results
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200-BP-1 Prototype Hanford Barrier - 15 Years of Performance Monitoring
Engineered surface barriers are recognized as a remedial alternative to the removal, treatment and disposal of near-surface contaminants at a variety of waste sites within the DOE complex. One issue impacting their acceptance by stakeholders the use of limited data to predict long-term performance. In 1994, a 2-ha multi-component barrier was constructed over an existing waste disposal site at Hanford using natural materials. Monitoring has been almost continuous for the last 15 yrs and has focused on barrier stability, vegetative cover, plant and animal intrusion, and the components of the water balance, including precipitation, runoff, storage, drainage, and percolation. The total precipitation received from October 1994 through August 2008 was 3311 mm on the northern half (formerly irrigated), and 2638 mm on the southern, non-irrigated half. Water storage in the fine-soil layer shows a cyclic pattern, increasing in the winter and decreasing in the spring and summer to a lower limit of around 100 mm, regardless of precipitation, in response to evapotranspiration. Topographic surveys show the barrier and side slopes to be stable and the pea-gravel admix has proven effective in minimizing erosion through the creation of a desert pavement during deflationary periods. Three runoff events have been observed but …
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Ward, Anderson L.; Link, Steven O.; Draper, Kathryn E. & Clayton, Ray E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The 2009 Influenza Pandemic: Selected Legal Issues
This report provides a brief overview of selected legal issues including emergency measures, civil rights, liability issues, and employment issues.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Swendiman, Kathleen S. & Jones, Nancy Lee
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Actinide (III) solubility in WIPP Brine: data summary and recommendations
The solubility of actinides in the +3 oxidation state is an important input into the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) performance assessment (PA) models that calculate potential actinide release from the WIPP repository. In this context, the solubility of neodymium(III) was determined as a function of pH, carbonate concentration, and WIPP brine composition. Additionally, we conducted a literature review on the solubility of +3 actinides under WIPP-related conditions. Neodymium(III) was used as a redox-invariant analog for the +3 oxidation state of americium and plutonium, which is the oxidation state that accounts for over 90% of the potential release from the WIPP through the dissolved brine release (DBR) mechanism, based on current WIPP performance assessment assumptions. These solubility data extend past studies to brine compositions that are more WIPP-relevant and cover a broader range of experimental conditions than past studies.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Borkowski, Marian; Lucchini, Jean-Francois; Richmann, Michael K. & Reed, Donald T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Advanced fuel chemistry for advanced engines.
Autoignition chemistry is central to predictive modeling of many advanced engine designs that combine high efficiency and low inherent pollutant emissions. This chemistry, and especially its pressure dependence, is poorly known for fuels derived from heavy petroleum and for biofuels, both of which are becoming increasingly prominent in the nation's fuel stream. We have investigated the pressure dependence of key ignition reactions for a series of molecules representative of non-traditional and alternative fuels. These investigations combined experimental characterization of hydroxyl radical production in well-controlled photolytically initiated oxidation and a hybrid modeling strategy that linked detailed quantum chemistry and computational kinetics of critical reactions with rate-equation models of the global chemical system. Comprehensive mechanisms for autoignition generally ignore the pressure dependence of branching fractions in the important alkyl + O{sub 2} reaction systems; however we have demonstrated that pressure-dependent 'formally direct' pathways persist at in-cylinder pressures.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Taatjes, Craig A.; Jusinski, Leonard E.; Zador, Judit; Fernandes, Ravi X. & Miller, James A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
AFCI Options Study
This report describes the background and framework for both organizing the discussion and providing information on the potential for nuclear energy R&D to develop alternative nuclear fuel cycles that would address the issues with the current implementations of nuclear power, including nuclear waste disposal, proliferation risk, safety, security, economics, and sustainability. The disposition of used fuel is the cause of many of the concerns, and the possible approaches to used fuel management identify a number of basic technology areas that need to be considered. The basic science in each of the technology areas is discussed, emphasizing what science is currently available, where scientific knowledge may be insufficient, and especially to identify specific areas where transformational discoveries may allow achievement of performance goals not currently attainable. These discussions lead to the wide range of technical options that have been the basis for past and current research and development on advanced nuclear fuel cycles in the United States. The results of this work are then briefly reviewed to show the extent to which such approaches are capable of addressing the issues with nuclear power, the potential for moving further, and the inherent limitations.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Wigeland, R.; Taiwo, T.; Todosow, M.; Halsey, W. & Gehin, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Age, Volume 31, Number 9, September 2009
Monthly publication containing information related to Chambers County, Texas, including current events of the Chambers County Historical Commission, the Wallisville Heritage Park, and the Chambers County historical and genealogical societies; reprinted newspaper articles about county events and citizens; and historical news and records.
Date:
September 2009
Creator:
Wallisville Heritage Park (Organization)
Object Type:
Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System:
The Portal to Texas History
ALEGRA-HEDP simulations of the dense plasma focus.
We have carried out 2D simulations of three dense plasma focus (DPF) devices using the ALEGRA-HEDP code and validated the results against experiments. The three devices included two Mather-type machines described by Bernard et. al. and the Tallboy device currently in operation at NSTec in North Las Vegas. We present simulation results and compare to detailed plasma measurements for one Bernard device and to current and neutron yields for all three. We also describe a new ALEGRA capability to import data from particle-in-cell calculations of initial gas breakdown, which will allow the first ever simulations of DPF operation from the beginning of the voltage discharge to the pinch phase for arbitrary operating conditions and without assumptions about the early sheath structure. The next step in understanding DPF pinch physics must be three-dimensional modeling of conditions going into the pinch, and we have just launched our first 3D simulation of the best-diagnosed Bernard device.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Flicker, Dawn G.; Kueny, Christopher S. (Hewlett-Packard Company) & Rose, David V.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Altus Times (Altus, Okla.), Vol. 111, No. 299, Ed. 1 Tuesday, September 1, 2009
Daily newspaper from Altus, Oklahoma that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Bush, Michael
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Gateway to Oklahoma History
Americium separation from nuclear fuel dissolution using higher oxidation states.
Much of the complexity in current AFCI proposals is driven by the need to separate the minor actinides from the lanthanides. Partitioning and recycling Am, but not Cm, would allow for significant simplification because Am has redox chemistry that may be exploited while Cm does not. Here, we have explored methods based on higher oxidation states of Am (AmV and AmVI) to partition Am from the lanthanides. In a separate but related approach we have also initiated an investigation of the utility of TRUEX Am extraction from thiocyanate solution. The stripping of loaded TRUEX by Am oxidation or SCN- has not yet proved successful; however, the partitioning of inextractable AmV by TRUEX shows promise.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Mincher, Bruce J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Application of advanced laser diagnostics to hypersonic wind tunnels and combustion systems.
This LDRD was a Sandia Fellowship that supported Andrea Hsu's PhD research at Texas A&M University and her work as a visitor at Sandia's Combustion Research Facility. The research project at Texas A&M University is concerned with the experimental characterization of hypersonic (Mach>5) flowfields using experimental diagnostics. This effort is part of a Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) and is a collaboration between the Chemistry and Aerospace Engineering departments. Hypersonic flight conditions often lead to a non-thermochemical equilibrium (NTE) state of air, where the timescale of reaching a single (equilibrium) Boltzmann temperature is much longer than the timescale of the flow. Certain molecular modes, such as vibrational modes, may be much more excited than the translational or rotational modes of the molecule, leading to thermal-nonequilibrium. A nontrivial amount of energy is therefore contained within the vibrational mode, and this energy cascades into the flow as thermal energy, affecting flow properties through vibrational-vibrational (V-V) and vibrational-translational (V-T) energy exchanges between the flow species. The research is a fundamental experimental study of these NTE systems and involves the application of advanced laser and optical diagnostics towards hypersonic flowfields. The research is broken down into two main categories: the application and adaptation of …
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
North, Simon W. (Texas A&M University, College Station, TX); Hsu, Andrea G. (Texas A&M University, College Station, TX) & Frank, Jonathan H.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Approaches for scalable modeling and emulation of cyber systems : LDRD final report.
The goal of this research was to combine theoretical and computational approaches to better understand the potential emergent behaviors of large-scale cyber systems, such as networks of {approx} 10{sup 6} computers. The scale and sophistication of modern computer software, hardware, and deployed networked systems have significantly exceeded the computational research community's ability to understand, model, and predict current and future behaviors. This predictive understanding, however, is critical to the development of new approaches for proactively designing new systems or enhancing existing systems with robustness to current and future cyber threats, including distributed malware such as botnets. We have developed preliminary theoretical and modeling capabilities that can ultimately answer questions such as: How would we reboot the Internet if it were taken down? Can we change network protocols to make them more secure without disrupting existing Internet connectivity and traffic flow? We have begun to address these issues by developing new capabilities for understanding and modeling Internet systems at scale. Specifically, we have addressed the need for scalable network simulation by carrying out emulations of a network with {approx} 10{sup 6} virtualized operating system instances on a high-performance computing cluster - a 'virtual Internet'. We have also explored mappings between previously …
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Mayo, Jackson R.; Minnich, Ronald G.; Armstrong, Robert C. & Rudish, Don W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Attosecond Physics 2009 (July 28 to August 1, 2009, at Kansas State U/Manhattan)
The 2nd Attosecond Physics conference was hosted by the J.R. Macdonald Laboratory group from July 28 to August 1, 2009, at Kansas State University,Manhattan, Kansas about 215 participants from all over the world attended this meeting. DOE provided support for U.S. graduate students and post doctoral fellows attending this meeting. No papers/proceedings were published from this conference.
Date:
2009-09~
Creator:
Ben-Itzhak, Itzik
Object Type:
Text
System:
The UNT Digital Library
An Audit Report on Enrollment Reporting by Texas Public Community, State, and Technical Colleges
Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to enhancing accountability for enrollment reporting by reviewing self-reported enrollment data from Texas public institutions of higher education and auditing the accuracy of the base year data used for formula funding, and reporting on the use of distance education as a component of state-funded enrollment hours.
Date:
September 2009
Creator:
Texas. Office of the State Auditor.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
An Audit Report on Enrollment Reporting by Texas Public Universities
Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to enhancing accountability for enrollment reporting at Texas public universities by reviewing self-reported enrollment data from Texas public institutions of higher education and auditing the accuracy of the base year data used for formula funding, and to reporting on the use of distance education as a component of state-funded enrollment hours.
Date:
September 2009
Creator:
Texas. Office of the State Auditor.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
An Audit Report on the Economically Distressed Areas Program at the Water Development Board
Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to determining whether processes associated with the Economically Distressed Areas Program (EDAP) at the Water Development Board (Agency) provide reasonable assurance that recipients of financial assistance complete projects in a timely manner and within budget; that the Agency's payments to grant recipients are supported and comply with the terms of grant agreements; that recipients of financial assistance are financially sound; and that the Agency funds viable projects in a timely manner.
Date:
September 2009
Creator:
Texas. Office of the State Auditor.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
An Audit Report on the Texas Board of Architectural Examiners: A Self-directed, Semi-independent Agency
Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to verifying the accuracy of certain key financial statement balances and the effectiveness of key financial controls at the Texas Board of Architectural Examiners (Agency); verifying the accuracy of, and evaluating trends in, selected performance measures that the Agency uses; and evaluating the Agency's processes for setting fees and penalties.
Date:
September 2009
Creator:
Texas. Office of the State Auditor.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
An Audit Report on the Texas Education Agency's Monitoring of Average Daily Attendance Reporting
Report of the Texas State Auditor's Office related to determining whether the School Financial Audits Division at the Texas Education Agency (Agency) has processes that address the risk of over- and under-reporting the attendance data by school districts and charter schools; verifying that the Agency adjusts funding for school districts and charter school that have over- or under-reported average daily attendance; and determining whether information systems at the Agency have controls that provide reasonable assurance of the accuracy and completeness of average daily attendance data that school districts and charter schools report.
Date:
September 2009
Creator:
Texas. Office of the State Auditor.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Automated Monte Carlo biasing for photon-generated electrons near surfaces.
This report describes efforts to automate the biasing of coupled electron-photon Monte Carlo particle transport calculations. The approach was based on weight-windows biasing. Weight-window settings were determined using adjoint-flux Monte Carlo calculations. A variety of algorithms were investigated for adaptivity of the Monte Carlo tallies. Tree data structures were used to investigate spatial partitioning. Functional-expansion tallies were used to investigate higher-order spatial representations.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Franke, Brian Claude; Crawford, Martin James & Kensek, Ronald Patrick
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Baseline Graphite Initial Mechanical Test Report
The Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) Project is tasked with selecting a high temperature gas reactor technology that will be capable of generating electricity and supplying large amounts of process heat. The NGNP is presently being designed as a helium-cooled high temperature gas reactor (HTGR) with a large graphite core. The graphite baseline characterization project is conducting the research and development (R&D) activities deemed necessary to fully qualify nuclear-grade graphite for use in the NGNP reactor. One of the major fundamental objectives of the project is establishing nonirradiated thermomechanical and thermophysical properties by characterizing lot-to-lot and billet-to-billet variations (for probabilistic baseline data needs) through extensive data collection and statistical analysis. The reactor core will be made up of stacks of graphite moderator blocks. In order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the varying characteristics in a wide range of suitable graphites, any of which can be classified as “nuclear grade,” an experimental program has been initiated to develop an extensive database of the baseline characteristics of numerous candidate graphites. Various factors known to affect the properties of graphite will be investigated, including specimen size, spatial location within a graphite billet, specimen orientation within a billet (either parallel to [P] …
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Carroll, Mark & Lloyd, Randy
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Baytown Sun (Baytown, Tex.), Vol. 89, No. 244, Ed. 1 Tuesday, September 1, 2009
Daily newspaper from Baytown, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Clements, Clifford E.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Benchmark Analysis of Subcritical Noise Measurements on a Nickel-Reflected Plutonium Metal Sphere
Subcritical experiments using californium source-driven noise analysis (CSDNA) and Feynman variance-to-mean methods were performed with an alpha-phase plutonium sphere reflected by nickel shells, up to a maximum thickness of 7.62 cm. Both methods provide means of determining the subcritical multiplication of a system containing nuclear material. A benchmark analysis of the experiments was performed for inclusion in the 2010 edition of the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments. Benchmark models have been developed that represent these subcritical experiments. An analysis of the computed eigenvalues and the uncertainty in the experiment and methods was performed. The eigenvalues computed using the CSDNA method were very close to those calculated using MCNP5; however, computed eigenvalues are used in the analysis of the CSDNA method. Independent calculations using KENO-VI provided similar eigenvalues to those determined using the CSDNA method and MCNP5. A slight trend with increasing nickel-reflector thickness was seen when comparing MCNP5 and KENO-VI results. For the 1.27-cm-thick configuration the MCNP eigenvalue was approximately 300 pcm greater. The calculated KENO eigenvalue was about 300 pcm greater for the 7.62-cm-thick configuration. The calculated results were approximately the same for a 5-cm-thick shell. The eigenvalues determined using the Feynman method are up to …
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Bess, John D. & Hutchinson, Jesson
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Benchmarks for GADRAS performance validation.
The performance of the Gamma Detector Response and Analysis Software (GADRAS) was validated by comparing GADRAS model results to experimental measurements for a series of benchmark sources. Sources for the benchmark include a plutonium metal sphere, bare and shielded in polyethylene, plutonium oxide in cans, a highly enriched uranium sphere, bare and shielded in polyethylene, a depleted uranium shell and spheres, and a natural uranium sphere. The benchmark experimental data were previously acquired and consist of careful collection of background and calibration source spectra along with the source spectra. The calibration data were fit with GADRAS to determine response functions for the detector in each experiment. A one-dimensional model (pie chart) was constructed for each source based on the dimensions of the benchmark source. The GADRAS code made a forward calculation from each model to predict the radiation spectrum for the detector used in the benchmark experiment. The comparisons between the GADRAS calculation and the experimental measurements are excellent, validating that GADRAS can correctly predict the radiation spectra for these well-defined benchmark sources.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Mattingly, John K.; Mitchell, Dean James & Rhykerd, Charles L., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Boerne Star (Boerne, Tex.), Vol. 103, No. 70, Ed. 1 Tuesday, September 1, 2009
Semiweekly newspaper from Boerne, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Cartwright, Brian & Velvin, Candace E.
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Boosted Fast Flux Loop Final Report
The Boosted Fast Flux Loop (BFFL) project was initiated to determine basic feasibility of designing, constructing, and installing in a host irradiation facility, an experimental vehicle that can replicate with reasonable fidelity the fast-flux test environment needed for fuels and materials irradiation testing for advanced reactor concepts. Originally called the Gas Test Loop (GTL) project, the activity included (1) determination of requirements that must be met for the GTL to be responsive to potential users, (2) a survey of nuclear facilities that may successfully host the GTL, (3) conceptualizing designs for hardware that can support the needed environments for neutron flux intensity and energy spectrum, atmosphere, flow, etc. needed by the experimenters, and (4) examining other aspects of such a system, such as waste generation and disposal, environmental concerns, needs for additional infrastructure, and requirements for interfacing with the host facility. A revised project plan included requesting an interim decision, termed CD-1A, that had objectives of' establishing the site for the project at the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), deferring the CD 1 application, and authorizing a research program that would resolve the most pressing technical questions regarding GTL feasibility, including issues relating to the …
Date:
September 1, 2009
Creator:
Staff, Boosted Fast Flux Loop Project
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library