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Foreign Operations (House)/State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (Senate): FY2006 Appropriations (open access)

Foreign Operations (House)/State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs (Senate): FY2006 Appropriations

This report is a guide to one of the regular appropriations bills that Congress considers each year. It is designed to supplement the information provided by the House Subcommittee on Foreign Operations and the Senate Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs. It summarizes the status of the bill, its scope, major issues, funding levels, and related congressional activity, and is updated as events warrant.
Date: January 27, 2006
Creator: Nowels, Larry & Epstein, Susan B.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Foreign Science and Engineering Presence in U.S. Institutions and the Labor Force (open access)

Foreign Science and Engineering Presence in U.S. Institutions and the Labor Force

The increased presence of foreign students in graduate science and engineering programs and in the scientific workforce has been and continues to be of concern to some in the scientific community. Enrollment of U.S. citizens in graduate science and engineering programs has not kept pace with that of foreign students in those programs. In addition to the number of foreign students in graduate science and engineering programs, a significant number of university faculty in the scientific disciplines are foreign, and foreign doctorates are employed in large numbers by industry. This report examines these issues and discusses their policy implications.
Date: January 3, 2006
Creator: Matthews, Christine M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
High Performance Computers and Export Control Policy: Issues for Congress (open access)

High Performance Computers and Export Control Policy: Issues for Congress

Congress has a strong interest in export control policy with regard to technologies that may have both commercial and military applications outside of the United States. Through its constitutionally delegated authority to regulate foreign commerce, Congress has the authority to control exports for national security or foreign policy purposes. This report examines congressional interest in the exportation of High Performance Computers, which are either single computing machines (usually called supercomputers) or a cluster of easily available, high-end workstations or personal computers.
Date: January 25, 2006
Creator: McLoughlin, Glenn J. & Fergusson, Ian F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Higher Education Tax Credits: An Economic Analysis (open access)

Higher Education Tax Credits: An Economic Analysis

This report provides analysis of the education tax credit program in the context of issues facing Congress in regard to higher education. This report begins with a review of the economic rationale for subsidizing education, then describes federal subsidies for education in general and the education tax credits in particular. An analysis of the education credits follows and the report concludes with a discussion of education tax credit policy options.
Date: January 17, 2006
Creator: Jackson, Pamela J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: Recent Developments in Reconstruction Assistance (open access)

Iraq: Recent Developments in Reconstruction Assistance

Following years of authoritarian rule and economic sanctions, the United States and the international community agreed in the spring of 2003 that efforts should be made to introduce economic reform and democratic government to post-war Iraq. More recently, the Bush Administration has asserted a “victory” strategy composed of eight objectives, five of which are to: transition Iraq to security self-reliance, help Iraqis form a national compact for democratic government, help Iraq build government capacity and provide essential services, help Iraq strengthen its economy, and help Iraq strengthen the rule of law and promote civil rights. To meet these ends, a large-scale reconstruction assistance program has been undertaken by the United States in Iraq. This report describes recent developments in this assistance effort.
Date: January 4, 2006
Creator: Tarnoff, Curt
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: U.S. Military Operations (open access)

Iraq: U.S. Military Operations

The major challenges to coalition forces are now quelling a persistent Iraqi resistance movement and training sufficient Iraqi forces to assume responsibility for the nations domestic security. This report discusses military planning and operations in Iraq.
Date: January 23, 2006
Creator: Bowman, Steven R.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance (open access)

Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance

Operation Iraqi Freedom succeeded in overthrowing Saddam Hussein, but Iraq remains violent and unstable because of Sunni Arab resentment and a related insurgency, as well as increasing sectarian violence. According to its November 30, 2005, “Strategy for Victory,” the Bush Administration indicates that U.S. forces will remain in Iraq until the country is able to provide for its own security and does not serve as a host for radical Islamic terrorists. This report discusses the background of the issue and examines several security challenges, response, and other policy options for the U.S.
Date: February 9, 2006
Creator: Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress (open access)

Japan-U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress

None
Date: January 23, 2006
Creator: Manyin, Mark E.; Chanlett-Avery, Emma & Cooper, William H.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Korea: U.S.-Korean Relations - Issues for Congress (open access)

Korea: U.S.-Korean Relations - Issues for Congress

None
Date: January 17, 2006
Creator: Niksch, Larry A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Liberia's Post-War Recovery: Key Issues and Developments (open access)

Liberia's Post-War Recovery: Key Issues and Developments

This report covers recent developments in Liberia, a small, poor West African country which began a post-conflict transition process to achieve enduring peace, socio-economic reconstruction and democratic governance.
Date: January 30, 2006
Creator: Cook, Nicolas
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Libya: Background and U.S. Relations (open access)

Libya: Background and U.S. Relations

This report provides background information on Libya and U.S.-Libyan relations; profiles Libyan leader Muammar al Qadhafi; discusses Libya’s political and economic reform efforts; and reviews current issues of potential congressional interest.
Date: January 25, 2006
Creator: Blanchard, Christopher M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
NATO and the European Union (open access)

NATO and the European Union

Report which discusses issues related to the North Atlantic Trade Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU) including the level of involvement of the entities in using political and military actions to defend against terrorism and proliferation, the types of military forces necessary, the role of the EU in crisis management, the appropriateness of decision-making procedures to respond to emerging threats, and the role of other international institutions.
Date: January 3, 2006
Creator: Archick, Kristin & Gallis, Paul E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons (open access)

Nonstrategic Nuclear Weapons

None
Date: January 13, 2006
Creator: Woolf, Amy F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Program (open access)

North Korea's Nuclear Weapons Program

None
Date: January 17, 2006
Creator: Niksch, Larry A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Arms Control: The Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty (open access)

Nuclear Arms Control: The Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty

None
Date: January 23, 2006
Creator: Woolf, Amy F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Arms Control: The U.S.-Russian Agenda (open access)

Nuclear Arms Control: The U.S.-Russian Agenda

None
Date: January 3, 2006
Creator: Woolf, Amy F.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Weapons: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (open access)

Nuclear Weapons: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty

None
Date: February 16, 2006
Creator: Medalia, Jonathan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Weapons: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (open access)

Nuclear Weapons: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty

None
Date: January 23, 2006
Creator: Medalia, Jonathan
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Operations Noble Eagle, Enduring Freedom, and Iraqi Freedom: Questions and Answers About U.S. Military Personnel, Compensation, and Force Structure (open access)

Operations Noble Eagle, Enduring Freedom, and Iraqi Freedom: Questions and Answers About U.S. Military Personnel, Compensation, and Force Structure

None
Date: January 27, 2006
Creator: Kapp, Lawrence & Henning, Charles A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations: Issues of U.S. Military Involvement (open access)

Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations: Issues of U.S. Military Involvement

None
Date: January 30, 2006
Creator: Serafino, Nina M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Proposed Federal Income Tax Exclusion for Civilians Serving in Combat Zones (open access)

Proposed Federal Income Tax Exclusion for Civilians Serving in Combat Zones

None
Date: January 10, 2006
Creator: Jackson, Pamela J.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Reserve Component Personnel Issues: Questions and Answers (open access)

Reserve Component Personnel Issues: Questions and Answers

None
Date: January 18, 2006
Creator: Kapp, Lawrence
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Russian Oil and Gas Challenges (open access)

Russian Oil and Gas Challenges

None
Date: January 3, 2006
Creator: Gelb, Bernard A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Serbia and Montenegro: Current Situation and U.S. Policy (open access)

Serbia and Montenegro: Current Situation and U.S. Policy

None
Date: January 11, 2006
Creator: Woehrel, Steven
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library