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THE FUTURE OF SPIN PHYSICS AT BNL. (open access)

THE FUTURE OF SPIN PHYSICS AT BNL.

The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at BNL is the world's only polarized proton-proton collider. Collisions at center-of-mass energies up to 500 GeV and beam polarizations approaching 70% (longitudinal or transverse) are provided to two experiments, STAR and PHENIX, at luminosities {ge} 10{sup 32}/cm{sup 2}/sec. Transverse polarized beam has also been provided to the BRAHMS experiment. Measurements that bear on the important question of the spin content of the nucleon are beginning to appear. Over the next 10 years, as the performance of polarized proton running at RHIC is further developed, the Spin Physics program at RHIC will provide definitive measurements of the contributions to the proton's spin of the gluon, the sea quarks and the orbital motion of the partons in the proton's wave function. We plan to extend the reach of our study of the role of spin in QCD with the development of ''eRHIC'', which will provide polarized e-p collisions to a new detector.
Date: October 2, 2006
Creator: ARONSON, S. & DESHPANDE, A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Noncontact surface thermometry for microsystems: LDRD final report. (open access)

Noncontact surface thermometry for microsystems: LDRD final report.

We describe a Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) effort to develop and apply laser-based thermometry diagnostics for obtaining spatially resolved temperature maps on working microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The goal of the effort was to cultivate diagnostic approaches that could adequately resolve the extremely fine MEMS device features, required no modifications to MEMS device design, and which did not perturb the delicate operation of these extremely small devices. Two optical diagnostics were used in this study: microscale Raman spectroscopy and microscale thermoreflectance. Both methods use a low-energy, nonperturbing probe laser beam, whose arbitrary wavelength can be selected for a diffraction-limited focus that meets the need for micron-scale spatial resolution. Raman is exploited most frequently, as this technique provides a simple and unambiguous measure of the absolute device temperature for most any MEMS semiconductor or insulator material under steady state operation. Temperatures are obtained from the spectral position and width of readily isolated peaks in the measured Raman spectra with a maximum uncertainty near {+-}10 K and a spatial resolution of about 1 micron. Application of the Raman technique is demonstrated for V-shaped and flexure-style polycrystalline silicon electrothermal actuators, and for a GaN high-electron-mobility transistor. The potential of the Raman technique …
Date: October 1, 2006
Creator: Abel, Mark (Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA); Beecham, Thomas (Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA); Graham, Samuel (Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA); Kearney, Sean Patrick; Serrano, Justin Raymond & Phinney, Leslie Mary
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Prototype Weigh-In-Motion Performance (open access)

Prototype Weigh-In-Motion Performance

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has developed and patented methods to weigh slowly moving vehicles. We have used this technology to produce a portable weigh-in-motion system that is robust and accurate. This report documents the performance of the second-generation portable weigh-in-motion prototype (WIM Gen II). The results of three modes of weight determination are compared in this report: WIM Gen II dynamic mode, WIM Gen II stop-and-go mode, and static (parked) mode on in-ground, static scales. The WIM dynamic mode measures axle weights as the vehicle passes over the system at speeds of 3 to 7 miles per hour (1.3 to 3.1 meters/second). The WIM stop-and-go mode measures the weight of each axle of the vehicle as the axles are successively positioned on a side-by-side pair of WIM measurement pads. In both measurement modes the center of balance (CB) and the total weight are obtained by a straight-forward calculation from axle weights and axle spacings. The performance metric is measurement error (in percent), which is defined as 100 x (sample standard deviation)/(average); see Appendix A for details. We have insufficient data to show that this metric is predictive. This report details the results of weight measurements performed in May 2005 …
Date: October 1, 2006
Creator: Abercrombie, Robert K; Beshears, David L; Hively, Lee M; Scudiere, Matthew B & Sheldon, Frederick T
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Measurement of the Ratios of Branching Fractions B(Bs -> Ds pi pi pi) / B(Bd -> Dd pi pi pi) and B(Bs -> Ds pi) / B(Bd -> Dd pi) (open access)

Measurement of the Ratios of Branching Fractions B(Bs -> Ds pi pi pi) / B(Bd -> Dd pi pi pi) and B(Bs -> Ds pi) / B(Bd -> Dd pi)

Using 355 pb{sup -1} of data collected by the CDF II detector in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV at the Fermilab Tevatron, they study the fully reconstructed hadronic decays B{sub (s)}{sup 0} {yields} D{sub (s)}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} and B{sub (s)}{sup 0} {yields} D{sub (s)}{sup -} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}. They present the first measurement of the ratio of branching fractions {Beta}(B{sub s}{sup 0} {yields} D{sub s}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -})/{Beta}(B{sup 0} {yields} D{sup -} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}) = 1.05 {+-} 0.10(stat.) {+-} 0.22(syst.). They also update their measurement of {Beta}(B{sub s}{sup 0} {yields} D{sub s}{sup -} {pi}{sup +})/{Beta}(B{sup 0} {yields} D{sup -} {pi}{sup +}) to 1.13 {+-} 0.08(stat.) {+-} 0.23(syst.) improving the statistical uncertainty by more than a factor of two. They find {Beta}(B{sub s}{sup 0} {yields} D{sub s}{sup -} {pi}{sup +}) = [3.8 {+-} 0.3(stat.) {+-} 1.3(syst.)] x 10{sup -3} and {Beta}(B{sub s}{sup 0} {yields} D{sub s}{sup -} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}) = [8.4 {+-} 0.8(stat.) {+-} 3.2(syst.)] x 10{sup -3}.
Date: October 1, 2006
Creator: Abulencia, A.; /Illinois U., Urbana; Adelman, J.; U., /Chicago; Affolder, T.; /UC, Santa Barbara et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Confirmatory Survey Results for the Reactor Building Dome Upper Surfaces, Rancho Saco Nuclear Generating Station (open access)

Confirmatory Survey Results for the Reactor Building Dome Upper Surfaces, Rancho Saco Nuclear Generating Station

Results from a confirmatory survey of the upper structural surfaces of the Reactor Building Dome at the Rancho Seco Nuclear Generating Station (RSNGS) performed by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education for the NRC. Also includes results of interlaboratory comparison analyses on several archived soil samples that would be provided by RSNGS personnel. The confirmatory surveys were performed on June 7 and 8, 2006.
Date: October 25, 2006
Creator: Adams, Wade C.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Geometrically induced metastability and holography (open access)

Geometrically induced metastability and holography

We construct metastable configurations of branes and anti-branes wrapping 2-spheres inside local Calabi-Yau manifolds and study their large N duals. These duals are Calabi-Yau manifolds in which the wrapped 2-spheres have been replaced by 3-spheres with flux through them, and supersymmetry is spontaneously broken. The geometry of the non-supersymmetric vacuum is exactly calculable to all orders of the't Hooft parameter, and to the leading order in 1/N. The computation utilizes the same matrix model techniques that were used in the supersymmetric context. This provides a novel mechanism for breaking supersymmetry in the context of flux compactifications.
Date: October 23, 2006
Creator: Aganagic, Mina; Aganagic, Mina; Beem, Christopher; Seo, Jihye & Vafa, Cumrun
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
A limit on the presence of Earth-mass planets around a Sun-like star (open access)

A limit on the presence of Earth-mass planets around a Sun-like star

We present a combined analysis of all publicly available, visible HST observations of transits of the planet HD 209458b. We derive the times of transit, planet radius, inclination, period, and ephemeris. The transit times are then used to constrain the existence of secondary planets in the system. We show that planets near an Earth mass can be ruled out in low-order mean-motion resonance, while planets less than an Earth mass are ruled out in interior, 2:1 resonance. We also present a combined analysis of the transit times and 68 high precision radial velocity measurements of the system. These results are compared to theoretical predictions for the constraints that can be placed on secondary planets.
Date: October 1, 2006
Creator: Agol, Eric & Steffen, Jason H.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
In Vivo Characterization of Human APOA5 Haplotypes (open access)

In Vivo Characterization of Human APOA5 Haplotypes

Increased plasma triglycerides concentrations are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Numerous studies support a reproducible genetic association between two minor haplotypes in the human apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5) and increased plasma triglyceride concentrations. We thus sought to investigate the effect of these minor haplotypes (APOA5*2 and APOA5*3) on ApoAV plasma levels through the precise insertion of single-copy intact APOA5 haplotypes at a targeted location in the mouse genome. While we found no difference in the amount of human plasma ApoAV in mice containing the common APOA5*1 and minor APOA5*2 haplotype, the introduction of the single APOA5*3 defining allele (19W) resulted in 3-fold lower ApoAV plasma levels consistent with existing genetic association studies. These results indicate that S19W polymorphism is likely to be functional and explain the strong association of this variant with plasma triglycerides supporting the value of sensitive in vivo assays to define the functional nature of human haplotypes.
Date: October 1, 2006
Creator: Ahituv, Nadav; Akiyama, Jennifer; Chapman-Helleboid, Audrey; Fruchart, Jamila & Pennacchio, Len A.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Fast Ignition Experimental and Theoretical Studies (open access)

Fast Ignition Experimental and Theoretical Studies

We are becoming dependent on energy more today than we were a century ago, and with increasing world population and booming economies, sooner or later our energy sources will be exhausted. Moreover, our economy and welfare strongly depends on foreign oil and in the shadow of political uncertainties, there is an urgent need for a reliable, safe, and cheap energy source. Thermonuclear fusion, if achieved, is that source of energy which not only will satisfy our demand for today but also for centuries to come. Today, there are two major approaches to achieve fusion: magnetic confinement fusion (MFE) and inertial confinement fusion (ICF). This dissertation explores the inertial confinement fusion using the fast ignition concept. Unlike the conventional approach where the same laser is used for compression and ignition, in fast ignition separate laser beams are used. This dissertation addresses three very important topics to fast ignition inertial confinement fusion. These are laser-to-electron coupling efficiency, laser-generated electron beam transport, and the associated isochoric heating. First, an integrated fast ignition experiment is carried out with 0.9 kJ of energy in the compression beam and 70 J in the ignition beam. Measurements of absolute K{sub {alpha}} yield from the imploded core revealed …
Date: October 20, 2006
Creator: Akli, K
Object Type: Thesis or Dissertation
System: The UNT Digital Library
Modeling the Transport and Chemical Evolution of Onshore and Offshore Emissions and their Impact on Local and Regional Air Quality Using a Variable-Grid-Resolution Air Quality Model (open access)

Modeling the Transport and Chemical Evolution of Onshore and Offshore Emissions and their Impact on Local and Regional Air Quality Using a Variable-Grid-Resolution Air Quality Model

This research project has two primary objectives: (1) to further develop and refine the Multiscale Air Quality Simulation Platform-Variable Grid Resolution (MAQSIP-VGR) model, an advanced variable-grid-resolution air quality model, to provide detailed, accurate representation of the dynamical and chemical processes governing the fate of anthropogenic emissions in coastal environments; and (2) to improve current understanding of the potential impact of onshore and offshore oil and gas exploration and production (E&P) emissions on O{sub 3} and particulate matter nonattainment in the Gulf of Mexico and surrounding states.
Date: October 16, 2006
Creator: Alapaty, Kiran & Hanna, Adel
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Tevatron-for-LHC Report of the QCD Working Group (open access)

Tevatron-for-LHC Report of the QCD Working Group

The experiments at Run 2 of the Tevatron have each accumulated over 1 fb{sup -1} of high-transverse momentum data. Such a dataset allows for the first precision (i.e. comparisons between theory and experiment at the few percent level) tests of QCD at a hadron collider. While the Large Hadron Collider has been designed as a discovery machine, basic QCD analyses will still need to be performed to understand the working environment. The Tevatron-for-LHC workshop was conceived as a communication link to pass on the expertise of the Tevatron and to test new analysis ideas coming from the LHC community. The TeV4LHC QCD Working Group focused on important aspects of QCD at hadron colliders: jet definitions, extraction and use of Parton Distribution Functions, the underlying event, Monte Carlo tunes, and diffractive physics. This report summarizes some of the results achieved during this workshop.
Date: October 1, 2006
Creator: Albrow, Michael G.; Begel, M.; Bourilkov, D.; Campanelli, M.; Chlebana, F.; De Roeck, A. et al.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 21, No. 40, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 5, 2006 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 21, No. 40, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 5, 2006

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 5, 2006
Creator: Alexander, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 21, No. 41, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 12, 2006 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 21, No. 41, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 12, 2006

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 12, 2006
Creator: Alexander, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 21, No. 42, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 19, 2006 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 21, No. 42, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 19, 2006

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 19, 2006
Creator: Alexander, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 21, No. 43, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 26, 2006 (open access)

Timpson & Tenaha News (Timpson, Tex.), Vol. 21, No. 43, Ed. 1 Thursday, October 26, 2006

Weekly newspaper from Timpson, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date: October 26, 2006
Creator: Alexander, Nancy
Object Type: Newspaper
System: The Portal to Texas History
A Sociocultural Assessment of Filipino Crew Members Working in the Hawaii-based Longline Fleet (open access)

A Sociocultural Assessment of Filipino Crew Members Working in the Hawaii-based Longline Fleet

From introduction: This report describes a subset of the results from a 2003-2004 sociocultural study of fishermen in the Hawaii-based longline fleet. Explored here are the perspectives and experiences of Filipino fishermen working as crew in the Hawaii longline industry.
Date: October 2006
Creator: Allen, Stewart D. & Gough, Amy
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Influence of a Cerium surface treatment on the oxidation behavior of commercial Fe- and Ni-base alloys (open access)

Influence of a Cerium surface treatment on the oxidation behavior of commercial Fe- and Ni-base alloys

None
Date: October 1, 2006
Creator: Alman, D. E. & Jablonski, P. D.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Assessing the Prospects for Achieving Double-Shell Ignition on the National Ignition Facility Using Vacuum Hohlraums (open access)

Assessing the Prospects for Achieving Double-Shell Ignition on the National Ignition Facility Using Vacuum Hohlraums

The goal of demonstrating ignition on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) has motivated a revisit of double-shell (DS) targets as a complementary path to the cryogenic baseline approach. Expected benefits of DS ignition targets include non-cryogenic deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel preparation, minimal hohlraum-plasma mediated laser backscatter, low threshold ignition temperatures ({approx} 4 keV) for relaxed hohlraum x-ray flux asymmetry tolerances, and minimal (two-) shock timing requirements. On the other hand, DS ignition presents several formidable challenges, encompassing room-temperature containment of high-pressure DT ({approx} 790 atm) in the inner shell, strict concentricity requirements on the two shells (< 3 {micro}m), development of nano-porous (<100 nm) low-density (<100 mg/cc) metallic foams for structural support of the inner shell and hydrodynamic instability mitigation, and effective control of hydrodynamic instabilities on the high-Atwood number interface between the DT fuel and the high-Z inner shell. Recent progress in DS ignition designs and required materials-science advances at the nanoscale are described herein. Two new ignition designs that use rugby-shaped vacuum hohlraums are presented which utilize either 1 MJ or 2 MJ of laser energy at 3{omega}. The capability of the NIF to generate the requested reverse-ramp pulse shape for DS ignition is expected to be comparable to …
Date: October 26, 2006
Creator: Amendt, P.; Cerjan, C.; Hamza, A.; Hinkel, D.; Milovich, J. L. & Robey, H. F.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Record: Its Production, Distribution, and Accessibility (open access)

Congressional Record: Its Production, Distribution, and Accessibility

This report briefly discusses how the Congressional Record is created and distributed. The Congressional Record is the most widely recognized published account of the debates and activities in Congress and it often reflects the intent of Congress in enacting legislation.
Date: October 27, 2006
Creator: Amer, Mildred
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
House and Senate Chaplains (open access)

House and Senate Chaplains

None
Date: October 27, 2006
Creator: Amer, Mildred
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Pages of the United States Congress: History, Background Information, and Proposals for Change (open access)

Pages of the United States Congress: History, Background Information, and Proposals for Change

None
Date: October 11, 2006
Creator: Amer, Mildred L.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Southwest Retort, Volume 59, Number 2, October 2006 (open access)

Southwest Retort, Volume 59, Number 2, October 2006

This publication of the Dallas-Fort Worth Section of the American Chemical Society includes information about research, prominent scientist, organizational business, and various other stories of interest to the community.
Date: October 2006
Creator: American Chemical Society. Dallas/Fort Worth Section.
Object Type: Journal/Magazine/Newsletter
System: The UNT Digital Library
Germanium-Based Detectors for Gamma-Ray Imaging andSpectroscopy (open access)

Germanium-Based Detectors for Gamma-Ray Imaging andSpectroscopy

Germanium-based detectors are the standard technology usedfor gamma-ray spectroscopy when high efficiency and excellent energyresolution are desired. By dividing the electrical contacts on thesedetectors into segments, the locations of the gamma-ray interactionevents within the detectors can be determined as well as the depositedenergies. This enables simultaneous gamma-ray imaging and spectroscopyand leads to applications in the areas of astronomy, nuclear physics,environmental remediation, nuclear nonproliferation, and homelandsecurity. Producing the fine-pitched electrode segmentation oftenrequired for imaging has been problematic in the past. To address thisissue, we have developed an amorphous-semiconductor contact technology.Using this technology, fully passivated detectors with closely spacedcontacts can be produced using a simple fabrication process. The currentstate of the amorphous-semiconductor contact technology and thechallenges that remain will be given in this paper.
Date: October 13, 2006
Creator: Amman, Mark; Luke, Paul N. & Boggs, Steven E.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library
Filtered cathodic arc deposition with ion-species-selectivebias (open access)

Filtered cathodic arc deposition with ion-species-selectivebias

A dual-cathode arc plasma source was combined with acomputer-controlled bias amplifier such as to synchronize substrate biaswith the pulsed production of plasma. In this way, bias can be applied ina material-selective way. The principle has been applied to the synthesismetal-doped diamond-like carbon films, where the bias was applied andadjusted when the carbon plasma was condensing, and the substrate was atground when the metal was incorporated. In doing so, excessive sputteringby too-energetic metal ions can be avoided while the sp3/sp2 ratio can beadjusted. It is shown that the resistivity of the film can be tuned bythis species-selective bias. The principle can be extended tomultiple-material plasma sources and complex materials
Date: October 5, 2006
Creator: Anders, Andre; Pasaja, Nitisak; Sansongsiri, Sakon & Lim, SunnieH.N.
Object Type: Article
System: The UNT Digital Library