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578 Matching Results
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Iraq: Oil-for-Food Program, Illicit Trade, and Investigations
The “oil-for-food” program (OFFP) was the centerpiece of a long-standing U.N. Security Council effort to alleviate human suffering in Iraq while maintaining key elements of the 1991 Gulf war-related sanctions regime. In order to ensure that Iraq remained contained and that only humanitarian needs were served by the program, the program imposed controls on Iraqi oil exports and humanitarian imports. All Iraqi oil revenues legally earned under the program were held in a U.N.-controlled escrow account and were not accessible to the regime of Saddam Hussein.
Date:
January 9, 2006
Creator:
Katzman, Kenneth & Blanchard, Christopher M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Kosovo and U.S. Policy
In 1998 and 1999, the United States and its NATO allies attempted to put an end to escalating violence between ethnic Albanian guerrillas and Yugoslav/Serb forces in Yugoslavia’s Kosovo province. These efforts culminated in a 78-day NATO bombing campaign (Operation Allied Force) against Serbia from March until June 1999, when then-Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic agreed to withdraw his forces from the province. Since then, Kosovo has been governed by a combination of the U.N. and local Kosovar governing structures. The U.N. Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), under the terms of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1244, retains ultimate political authority in the province. A NATO-led peacekeeping force, KFOR, is charged with providing a secure environment. In May 2001, UNMIK issued a “Constitutional Framework” for Kosovo that provided for an elected provisional legislature and government with limited powers but did not address Kosovo’s final status.
Date:
January 9, 2006
Creator:
Woehrel, Steven & Kim, Julie
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Legislation for Disaster Assistance: Summary Data FY1989 to FY2005
This report provides summary information on emergency supplemental appropriations enacted after major disasters since 1989. More recently, Hurricane Katrina made landfall on the Gulf Coast of the United States on August 29, 2005, as a Category 3 hurricane after passing over South Florida as a Category 1 hurricane on August 25, 2005. In response, on September 2, 2005, President Bush signed into law a $10.5 billion supplemental appropriations measure, P.L. 109-61, which provided disaster assistance funds for the affected areas. On September 9, 2005, the President signed into law a second supplemental measure totaling $51.8 billion in appropriations, P.L. 109-62. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) administers most of these funds.
Date:
January 9, 2006
Creator:
Murray, Justin
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Federal Spending by Agency and Budget Function, FY2001-FY2005
This report provides federal spending data by agency and by budget function for fiscal year 2001 through fiscal year 2005. The data, ranked by size, reveal the concentrated nature of federal spending. The largest four agencies (of 51 listed) produce 83% of total outlays and the six largest (of 19) budget functions produce 86% of total outlays. Most of the spending by the largest agencies and within the largest budget functions is either mandatory spending (such as Social Security, Medicaid, and income support, among others), defense spending, or net interest spending on federal debt.
Date:
January 9, 2006
Creator:
Winters, Philip D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Kosovo's Future Status and U.S. Policy
The future status of Kosovo is perhaps the most sensitive and potentially destabilizing political question in the Balkans. The Administration views “getting Kosovo right” as key to integrating the Balkans into Euro-Atlantic institutions. This report discusses the issue of Kosovo’s future status; that is, whether it should become an independent country, or have some form of autonomy within Serbia. Talks on Kosovo’s status could begin in January 2006 and is expected to be concluded by the end of the year. The second session of the 109th Congress may consider legislation on Kosovo’s status. This report will be updated as events warrant. For more on the current the situation in Kosovo, see CRS Report RL31053, Kosovo and U.S. Policy, by Steven J. Woehrel and Julie Kim.
Date:
January 9, 2006
Creator:
Woehrel, Steven
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Federal Employees: Pay and Pension Increases Since 1969
Pay increases for current federal employees and cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs) for retired federal employees often differ because they are based on changes in different economic variables. Increases in pay for civilian federal workers are indexed to wage and salary increases in the private-sector, as measured by the Employment Cost Index (ECI), while federal retirement and disability benefits are indexed to price increases as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). This report discusses the procedures for determining such increases.
Date:
February 9, 2006
Creator:
Purcell, Patrick J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
India-U.S. Relations
This report discusses issues regarding contemporary relations between India and the U.S. Continuing U.S. interest in South Asia focuses on ongoing tensions between India and Pakistan, a problem rooted in unfinished business from the 1947 Partition and competing claims to the Kashmir region. The United States also seeks to curtail the proliferation of nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles in South Asia. U.S. concerns about human rights issues related to regional dissidence and separatism in several Indian states also continue.
Date:
February 9, 2006
Creator:
Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Palestinian Elections
None
Date:
February 9, 2006
Creator:
Pina, Aaron D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: U.S. Regime Change Efforts and Post-Saddam Governance
Operation Iraqi Freedom succeeded in overthrowing Saddam Hussein, but Iraq remains violent and unstable because of Sunni Arab resentment and a related insurgency, as well as increasing sectarian violence. According to its November 30, 2005, “Strategy for Victory,” the Bush Administration indicates that U.S. forces will remain in Iraq until the country is able to provide for its own security and does not serve as a host for radical Islamic terrorists. This report discusses the background of the issue and examines several security challenges, response, and other policy options for the U.S.
Date:
February 9, 2006
Creator:
Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
U.S. and International Responses to the Global Spread of Avian Flu: Issues for Congress
None
Date:
January 9, 2006
Creator:
Salaam-Blyther, Tiaji & Chanlett-Avery, Emma
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
United Nations System Funding: Congressional Issues
None
Date:
March 9, 2006
Creator:
Bite, Vita
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Nuclear Weapons: The Reliable Replacement Warhead Program
None
Date:
March 9, 2006
Creator:
Medalia, Jonathan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: Political Developments and Implications for U.S. Interests
The United States recognized the independence of all the former Soviet republics by the end of 1991, including the South Caucasus states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. The United States has fostered these states' ties with the West in part to end the dependence of these states on Russia for trade, security, and other relations. The FREEDOM Support Act of 1992 provides authorization for assistance to the Eurasian states for humanitarian needs, democratization, and other purposes. In the aftermath of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the United States, the Administration appealed for a national security waiver of the prohibition on aid to Azerbaijan, in consideration of Azerbaijan's assistance to the international coalition to combat terrorism. Azerbaijani and Georgian troops participate in stabilization efforts in Afghanistan and Iraq, and Armenian personnel serve in Iraq.
Date:
May 9, 2006
Creator:
Nichol, Jim
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Pakistan-U.S. Relations
This report discusses Pakistan-U.S. Relations.
Date:
May 9, 2006
Creator:
Kronstadt, K. Alan
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Intelligence Issues for Congress
This report discusses legislative initiatives to address the challenges facing the U.S. Intelligence Community in the 21st century.
Date:
May 9, 2006
Creator:
Best, Richard A., Jr.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The United Arab Emirates (UAE): Issues for U.S. Policy
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has undergone a major leadership transition over the past year after the deaths of the leaders of the two main emirates, and it is beginning to undertake political reform. Its relatively open economy and borders have produced social tolerance and political stability but have also contributed to proliferation, terrorist transiting, and human trafficking, particularly in the emirate of Dubai. Since March 2005, the United States and UAE have been negotiating a free trade agreement (FTA), although the outcome of it and other relations with the United States might be affected by the outcome of the U.S.debate over whether to permit a Dubai-owned port operations company to take over management of six major U.S. ports. This report will be updated. See also CRS Report RL31533, The Persian Gulf States, Post-War Issues for U.S. Policy, 2006, by Kenneth Katzman.
Date:
March 9, 2006
Creator:
Katzman, Kenneth
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Iraq: U.S. Military Operations
The major challenges to coalition forces are now quelling a persistent Iraqi resistance movement and training sufficient Iraqi forces to assume responsibility for the nations domestic security. This report discusses military planning and operations in Iraq.
Date:
May 9, 2006
Creator:
Bowman, Steven
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Data Security: Federal Legislative Approaches
This report discusses the core areas addressed in federal legislation, including the scope of coverage (who is covered and what information is covered); data privacy and security safeguards for sensitive personal information; requirements for security breach notification (when, how, triggers, frequency, and exceptions); restrictions on social security numbers (collection, use, and sale); credit freezes on consumer reports; identity theft penalties; causes of action; and preemption.
Date:
February 9, 2006
Creator:
Stevens, Gina Marie
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA): The Definition of Disability
The threshold issue in any Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) case is whether the individual alleging discrimination is an individual with a disability. The ADA definition is a functional one and does not list specific disabilities. This report discusses the definition of "disability." It also briefly discusses the Supreme Court's opinions and analyze how the lower courts are interpreting the Supreme Court's holdings.
Date:
March 9, 2006
Creator:
Jones, Nancy Lee
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
State and Local Sales and Use Taxes and Internet Commerce
In theory, state sales and use taxes are consumption taxes based on the destination principle. The destination principle prescribes that taxes should be paid where the consumption takes place. Sales taxes collected at the point of sale achieve this if consumption takes place near the point of transaction. Thus, to remain consistent with the destination principle, consumers pay a use tax on products purchased out-of-state and used in their home state where consumption likely takes place.
Date:
March 9, 2006
Creator:
Maguire, Steven
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
International Terrorism: Threat, Policy, and Response
This report examines international terrorist actions, threats, U.S. policies and responses. It reviews the nation’s use of tools at its disposal to combat terrorism, from diplomacy, international cooperation, and constructive engagement to physical security enhancement, economic sanctions, covert action, and military force.
Date:
August 9, 2006
Creator:
Perl, Raphael F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Man and woman paying cashier]
Photograph of a cashier at a store receiving cash payment from an unidentified man and woman. There is a visible isle in the photo withe the text "FRESH TORTILLAS".
Date:
August 9, 2006
Creator:
Castillo, José L.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Robert Earley at a podium with a microphone]
A man wearing a name badge saying "Robert Earley" speaks at a podium with a microphone.
Date:
March 9, 2006
Creator:
Castillo, José L.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The UNT Digital Library
[Eddy Herrera speaks from a podium with a microphone]
Eddy Herrera stands at a podium, addressing an audience. Behind him on the wall is the League of Women Voters sign on the wall.
Date:
March 9, 2006
Creator:
Castillo, José L.
Object Type:
Photograph
System:
The UNT Digital Library