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Comparison of Australian and US Cost-Benefit Approaches to MEPS
The Australian Greenhouse Office contracted with the Collaborative Labeling and Appliance Standards Program (CLASP) for LBNL to compare US and Australian approaches to analyzing costs and benefits of minimum energy performance standards (MEPS). This report compares the approaches for three types of products: household refrigerators and freezers, small electric storage water heaters, and commercial/industrial air conditioners. This report presents the findings of similarities and differences between the approaches of the two countries and suggests changes to consider in the approach taken in Australia. The purpose of the Australian program is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while the US program is intended to increase energy efficiency; each program is thus subject to specific constraints. The market and policy contexts are different, with the USA producing most of its own products and conducting pioneering engineering-economic studies to identify maximum energy efficiency levels that are technologically feasible and economically justified. In contrast, Australia imports a large share of its products and adopts MEPS already in place elsewhere. With these differences in circumstances, Australia's analysis approach could be expected to have less analytical detail and still result in MEPS levels that are appropriate for their policy and market context. In practice, the analysis required …
Date:
March 12, 2004
Creator:
McMahon, James E.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of CFD Natural Convection and Conduction-only Models for Heat Transfer in the Yucca Mountain Project Drifts
Yucca Mountain, Nevada has been designated as the nation's high-level radioactive waste repository and the U.S. Department of Energy has been approved to apply to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission for a license to construct a repository. Heat transfer in the Yucca Mountain Project (YMP) drift enclosures is an important aspect of repository waste emplacement. Canisters containing radioactive waste are to be emplaced in tunnels drilled 500 m below the ground surface. After repository closure, decaying heat is transferred from waste packages to the host rock by a combination of thermal radiation, natural convection and conduction heat transfer mechanism?. Current YMP mountain-scale and drift-scale numerical models often use a simplified porous medium code to model fluid and heat flow in the drift openings. To account for natural convection heat transfer, the thermal conductivity of the air was increased in the porous medium model. The equivalent thermal conductivity, defined as the ratio of total heat flow to conductive heat flow, used in the porous media models was based on horizontal concentric cylinders. Such modeling does not effectively capture turbulent natural convection in the open spaces as discussed by Webb et al. (2003) yet the approach is still widely used on the …
Date:
February 12, 2004
Creator:
Hadgu, T.; Webb, S. & Itamura, M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Compositing and Characterization of Samples from Hanford Tank 241-AY-102/ C-106
As part of the program to provide waste characterization and pretreatment data to support the Waste Treatment Plant WTP mission to treat Hanford tank waste, an approximate 3.8L sample of waste from Hanford Tank 241-AY-102/C-106 was received at the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC). The waste sample was characterized to provide feed for pretreatment testing. The characterization data provides a basis for rational development of pretreatment processes, determination of reagent requirements, and development of physical design parameters for the pretreatment plant.
Date:
February 12, 2004
Creator:
Coleman, C. J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comprehensive Outpatient Rehabilitation Facilities: High Medicare Payments in Florida Raise Program Integrity Concerns
A letter report issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "Comprehensive Outpatient Rehabilitation Facilities (CORF) are highly concentrated in Florida. These facilities, which provide physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology services, and other related services, have been promoted as lucrative business opportunities for investors. Aware of such promotions, the Chairman, Senate Committee on Finance, raised concerns about whether Medicare could be vulnerable to overbilling for CORF services. In this report, focusing our review on Florida, we (1) compared Medicare's outpatient therapy payments to CORFs in 2002 with its payments that year to other facility-based outpatient therapy providers and (2) assessed the program's effectiveness in ensuring that payments to CORFs complied with Medicare rules."
Date:
August 12, 2004
Creator:
United States. Government Accountability Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computation Directorate Annual Report 2003
Big computers are icons: symbols of the culture, and of the larger computing infrastructure that exists at Lawrence Livermore. Through the collective effort of Laboratory personnel, they enable scientific discovery and engineering development on an unprecedented scale. For more than three decades, the Computation Directorate has supplied the big computers that enable the science necessary for Laboratory missions and programs. Livermore supercomputing is uniquely mission driven. The high-fidelity weapon simulation capabilities essential to the Stockpile Stewardship Program compel major advances in weapons codes and science, compute power, and computational infrastructure. Computation's activities align with this vital mission of the Department of Energy. Increasingly, non-weapons Laboratory programs also rely on computer simulation. World-class achievements have been accomplished by LLNL specialists working in multi-disciplinary research and development teams. In these teams, Computation personnel employ a wide array of skills, from desktop support expertise, to complex applications development, to advanced research. Computation's skilled professionals make the Directorate the success that it has become. These individuals know the importance of the work they do and the many ways it contributes to Laboratory missions. They make appropriate and timely decisions that move the entire organization forward. They make Computation a leader in helping LLNL achieve …
Date:
March 12, 2004
Creator:
Crawford, D L; McGraw, J R; Ashby, S F; McCoy, M G; Michels, T C & Eltgroth, P G
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computational investigation of unusual behavior in certain capillary tubes
We investigate computationally two recent mathematical findings involving unusual behavior of solutions of the Young-Laplace capillary equation in cylindrical tubes of particular sections. The first concerns a configuration for which smoothing of the boundary curve at a sharp corner leads from existence to non-existence of a solution over the container section in zero gravity. The second describes a discontinuous behavior of relative rise height in nesting tubes placed vertically in an infinite reservoir. The numerical results support and quantify the mathematical predictions.
Date:
March 12, 2004
Creator:
Brady, Victor; Concus, Paul & Finn, Robert
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Computed Tomography Analysis of NASA BSTRA Balls
Fifteen 1.25 inch BSTRA balls were scanned with the high energy computed tomography system at LLNL. This system has a resolution limit of approximately 210 microns. A threshold of 238 microns (two voxels) was used, and no anomalies at or greater than this were observed.
Date:
October 12, 2004
Creator:
Perry, R L; Schneberk, D J & Thompson, R R
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conceptual Design of a Simplified Skid-Mounted Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction Process for Removal of Cesium from Savannah Rive Site High-Level Waste
This report presents the results of a conceptual design of a solvent extraction process for the selective removal of {sup 137}Cs from high-level radioactive waste currently stored in underground tanks at the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS). This study establishes the need for and feasibility of deploying a simplified version of the Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) process; cost/benefit ratios ranging from 33 to 55 strongly support the considered deployment. Based on projected compositions, 18 million gallons of dissolved salt cake waste has been identified as having {sup 137}Cs concentrations that are substantially lower than the worst-case design basis for the CSSX system that is to be deployed as part of the Salt Waste Processing Facility (SWPF) but that does not meet the waste acceptance criteria for immobilization as grout in the Saltstone Manufacturing and Disposal Facility at SRS. Absent deployment of an alternative cesium removal process, this material will require treatment in the SWPF CSSX system, even though the cesium decontamination factor required is far less than that provided by that system. A conceptual design of a CSSX processing system designed for rapid deployment and having reduced cesium decontamination factor capability has been performed. The proposed accelerated-deployment …
Date:
May 12, 2004
Creator:
Birdwell, JR.J.F.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Conditions necessary for capillary hysteresis in porous media: Tests of grain-size and surface tension influences
Hysteresis in the relation between water saturation and matric potential is generally regarded as a basic aspect of unsaturated porous media. However, the nature of an upper length scale limit for saturation hysteresis has not been previously addressed. Since hysteresis depends on whether or not capillary rise occurs at the grain scale, this criterion was used to predict required combinations of grain size, surface tension, fluid-fluid density differences, and acceleration in monodisperse systems. The Haines number (Ha), composed of the aforementioned variables, is proposed as a dimensionless number useful for separating hysteretic (Ha < 15) versus nonhysteretic (Ha > 15) behavior. Vanishing of hysteresis was predicted to occur for grain sizes greater than 10.4 +- 0.5 mm, for water-air systems under the acceleration of ordinary gravity, based on Miller-Miller scaling and Haines' original model for hysteresis. Disappearance of hysteresis was tested through measurements of drainage and wetting curves of sands and gravels and occurs between grain sizes of 10 and 14 mm (standard conditions). The influence of surface tension was tested through measurements of moisture retention in 7 mm gravel, without and with a surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS)). The ordinary water system (Ha = 7) exhibited hysteresis, while the SDBS …
Date:
March 12, 2004
Creator:
Tokunaga, Tetsu K.; Olson, Keith R. & Wan, Jiamin
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Congressional Budget Resolutions: Motions to Instruct Conferees
This report provides an overview of the motions to instruct conferees on the congressional budget resolutions.
Date:
July 12, 2004
Creator:
Keith, Robert
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Contract Management: Agencies Can Achieve Significant Savings on Purchase Card Buys
A letter report issued by the General Accounting Office with an abstract that begins "From 1994 to 2003, the use of government purchase cards exploded from $1 billion to $16 billion. Most purchase card transactions are for small purchases, less than $2,500. While agencies estimate that using purchase cards saves hundreds of millions of dollars in administrative costs, the rapid growth of the purchase card presents opportunities for agencies to negotiate discounts with major vendors, thereby better leveraging agencies' buying power. To discover whether agencies were doing this, we examined program management and cardholder practices at the Departments of Agriculture, Army, Navy, Air Force, Interior, Justice, Transportation, and Veterans Affairs. GAO also examined why agencies may not have explored these opportunities."
Date:
March 12, 2004
Creator:
United States. General Accounting Office.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cooper Review (Cooper, Tex.), Vol. 124, No. 7, Ed. 1 Thursday, February 12, 2004
Weekly newspaper from Cooper, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
February 12, 2004
Creator:
Pinson, Beth
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Cooper Review (Cooper, Tex.), Vol. 124, No. 33, Ed. 1 Thursday, August 12, 2004
Weekly newspaper from Cooper, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
August 12, 2004
Creator:
Pinson, Beth
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Counts of low-Redshift SDSS quasar candidates
We analyze the counts of low-redshift quasar candidates selected using nine-epoch SDSS imaging data. The co-added catalogs are more than 1 mag deeper than single-epoch SDSS data, and allow the selection of low-redshift quasar candidates using UV-excess and also variability techniques. The counts of selected candidates are robustly determined down to g = 21.5. This is about 2 magnitudes deeper than the position of a change in the slope of the counts reported by Boyle et al. (1990, 2000) for a sample selected by UV-excess, and questioned by Hawkins & Veron (1995), who utilized a variability-selected sample. Using SDSS data, we confirm a change in the slope of the counts for both UV-excess and variability selected samples, providing strong support for the Boyle et al. results.
Date:
March 12, 2004
Creator:
al., Zeljko Ivezic et
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Coupled Environmental Processes and Long-term Performance of Landfill Covers in the northern Mojave Desert
Evapotransiration (ET) covers have gained widespread acceptance as a closure feature for waste disposal sites, particularly in the arid and semi-arid regions of the southwestern U.S. But as landforms, ET covers are subject to change over time because of processes such as pedogenesis, hydrologic processes, vegetation establishment and change, and biological processes. To better understand the effects of coupled process changes to ET covers, a series of four primary analog sites in Yucca Flat on the Nevada Test Site, along with measurements and observations from other locations in the Mojave Desert, were selected to evaluate changes in ET covers over time. The analog sites, of varying ages, were selected to address changes in the early post-institutional control period, the 1,000-year compliance period for disposal of low-level and mixed low-level waste, and the 10,000-year compliance period for transuranic waste sites.
Date:
May 12, 2004
Creator:
Shafer, David; Young, Michael; Zitzer, Stephen; McDonald, Eric & Caldwell, Todd
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Coverage of Vision Services under the State Children’s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP)
This report contains the coverage of vision services under the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP).
Date:
October 12, 2004
Creator:
Baumrucker, Evelyne P.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
CROSSCUTTING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AT THE CENTER FOR ADVANCED SEPARATION TECHNOLOGIES
This Technical Progress Report describes progress made on the seventeen subprojects awarded in the first year of Cooperative Agreement DE-FC26-02NT41607: Crosscutting Technology Development at the Center for Advanced Separation Technologies. This work is summarized in the body of the main report: the individual sub-project Technical Progress Reports are attached as Appendices. Due to the time taken up by the solicitation/selection process, these cover the initial 6-month period of project activity only. The U.S. is the largest producer of mining products in the world. In 1999, U.S. mining operations produced $66.7 billion worth of raw materials that contributed a total of $533 billion to the nation's wealth. Despite these contributions, the mining industry has not been well supported with research and development funds as compared to mining industries in other countries. To overcome this problem, the Center for Advanced Separation Technologies (CAST) was established to develop technologies that can be used by the U.S. mining industry to create new products, reduce production costs, and meet environmental regulations. Originally set up by Virginia Tech and West Virginia University, this endeavor has been expanded into a seven-university consortium--Virginia Tech, West Virginia University, University of Kentucky, University of Utah, Montana Tech, New Mexico Tech …
Date:
May 12, 2004
Creator:
Rimmer, Hugh W.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
The Cuero Record (Cuero, Tex.), Vol. 110, No. 19, Ed. 1 Wednesday, May 12, 2004
Weekly newspaper from Cuero, Texas that includes local, state, and national news along with advertising.
Date:
May 12, 2004
Creator:
Rea, Glenn
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The Portal to Texas History
Current Profile and Magnetic Structure Measurements through Tangential Soft X-Ray Imaging in Compact Tori
This report describes the fabrication and tests of a tangentially imaging soft X-ray (SXR) camera diagnostic for fusion energy plasma research. It can be used for the determination of the current distribution in strongly shaped toroidal magnetically confined plasmas, such as those found in spherical tori or advanced tokamaks. It included the development of both an appropriate imaging SXR camera and image analysis techniques necessary to deduce the plasma shape and current distribution. The basic camera concept consists of a tangentially viewing pinhole imaging system with thin-film SXR filters, a scintillator screen to provide SXR to visible conversion, a fast shuttering system, and an sensitive visible camera imaging device. The analysis approach consists of integrating the 2-D SXR image data into a Grad-Shafranov toroidal equilibrium solver code to provide strong constraints on the deduced plasma current and pressure profiles. Acceptable sensitivity in the deduced current profile can be obtained if the relative noise in the measured image can be kept in the range of 1% or less. Tests on the Pegasus Toroidal Experiment indicate very flat safety factor profiles in the plasma interior.
Date:
July 12, 2004
Creator:
Fonck, Raymond J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Curt Flood Act of 1998: Application of Federal Antitrust Laws to Major League Baseball Players
None
Date:
March 12, 2004
Creator:
Rubin, Janice E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
D0 status and first results from Run II
In order to fully exploit the physics potential of the Tevatron Run 2, the D0 detector has been upgraded. Having nearly completed the commissioning phase, the D0 detector is starting to produce its first physics results. An overview of the status of the main subdetectors involved in the upgrade is given, followed by some examples of preliminary physics results already emerging.
Date:
January 12, 2004
Creator:
Juste, A.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dallas Voice (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 45, Ed. 1 Friday, March 12, 2004
Weekly newspaper from Dallas, Texas that includes local, state, and national news and advertising of interest to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community.
Date:
March 12, 2004
Creator:
Vercher, Dennis
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Dallas Voice (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 21, No. 27, Ed. 1 Friday, November 12, 2004
Weekly newspaper from Dallas, Texas that includes local, state, and national news and advertising of interest to the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community.
Date:
November 12, 2004
Creator:
Vercher, Dennis
Object Type:
Newspaper
System:
The UNT Digital Library
DART Adjusts Bus, Rail Schedules to Improve Connections
News release about minor adjustments to several DART bus and rail schedules.
Date:
January 12, 2004
Creator:
Lyons, Morgan
Object Type:
Text
System:
The Portal to Texas History