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Congressional Statistics: Bills Introduced and Laws Enacted, 1947-2003 (open access)

Congressional Statistics: Bills Introduced and Laws Enacted, 1947-2003

This report is designed to fill the need for a simple tabulation of legislative workload. It provides the numbers of bills and joint resolutions introduced, and the numbers of public and private laws enacted, from the 80' Congress through the 108th Congress, first session (1947-2003).
Date: March 3, 2004
Creator: Manning, Jennifer E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
War on Drugs: Legislation in the 108th Congress and Related Developments (open access)

War on Drugs: Legislation in the 108th Congress and Related Developments

None
Date: October 3, 2004
Creator: Eddy, Mark
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Financing (open access)

Campaign Financing

This is one report in the series of reports that discuss the campaign finance practices and related issues. Concerns over financing federal elections have become a seemingly perennial aspect of our political system, centered on the enduring issues of high campaign costs and reliance on interest groups for needed campaign funds. The report talks about the today’s paramount issues such as perceived loopholes in current law and the longstanding issues: overall costs, funding sources, and competition.
Date: August 3, 2004
Creator: Cantor, Joseph E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Finance: Constitutional and Legal Issues of Soft Money (open access)

Campaign Finance: Constitutional and Legal Issues of Soft Money

Prior to enactment of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (BCRA), P.L. 107-155, the term “soft money” generally referred to unregulated funds, perceived as resulting from loopholes in the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA), 2 U.S.C. §§ 431 et seq. Generally, the intent of BCRA, (effective Nov. 6, 2002), which amends FECA, is to restrict the raising and spending of soft money. This Issue Brief discusses constitutional and legal issues surrounding two major types of soft money that BCRA regulates: political party soft money and soft money used for issue advocacy communications. Corporate and labor union soft money, which FECA exempts from regulation and is not addressed by BCRA, is also discussed.
Date: September 3, 2004
Creator: Whitaker, L. Paige
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Campaign Finance: Constitutional and Legal Issues of Soft Money (open access)

Campaign Finance: Constitutional and Legal Issues of Soft Money

Prior to enactment of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (BCRA), P.L. 107-155, the term “soft money” generally referred to unregulated funds, perceived as resulting from loopholes in the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA), 2 U.S.C. §§ 431 et seq. Generally, the intent of BCRA, (effective Nov. 6, 2002), which amends FECA, is to restrict the raising and spending of soft money. This Issue Brief discusses constitutional and legal issues surrounding two major types of soft money that BCRA regulates: political party soft money and soft money used for issue advocacy communications. Corporate and labor union soft money, which FECA exempts from regulation and is not addressed by BCRA, is also discussed.
Date: November 3, 2004
Creator: Whitaker, L. Paige
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Country-of-Origin Labeling for Foods (open access)

Country-of-Origin Labeling for Foods

The 2002 farm bill (P.L. 107-171) as modified by the FY2004 USDA appropriation (P.L. 108-199) requires country-of-origin labeling (COOL) for fresh produce, red meats, and peanuts starting September 30, 2006, and for seafood starting September 30, 2004. The House Agriculture Committee approved on July 21, 2004, a bill (H.R. 4576) to make COOL voluntary. Some lawmakers still support a mandatory program, especially after recent discoveries of “mad cow” disease in a Canadian and a U.S. cow (the latter from Canada). Others counter that COOL is a marketing, not an animal or human health, issue and should be voluntary.
Date: August 3, 2004
Creator: Becker, Geoffrey S.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Mercury in the Environment: Sources and Health Risks (open access)

Mercury in the Environment: Sources and Health Risks

None
Date: June 3, 2004
Creator: Schierow, Linda-Jo
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The National Intelligence Director and Intelligence Analysis (open access)

The National Intelligence Director and Intelligence Analysis

This report discusses proposed legislation placing the National Intelligence Council under the Director of National Intelligence's authority and the potential issues that this would cause. Updated December 3, 2004.
Date: December 3, 2004
Creator: Best, Richard A., Jr.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Greece Update (open access)

Greece Update

This report provides information about the Greece Update. The conservative new democracy party took office on March 24 for the first time in more than 20 years. its economic policies call for cutting down the large public sector by sustaining strong growth.
Date: June 3, 2004
Creator: Migdalovitz, Carol
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Data Mining: An Overview (open access)

Data Mining: An Overview

Data mining is emerging as one of the key features of many homeland security initiatives. Often used as a means for detecting fraud, assessing risk, and product retailing, data mining involves the use of data analysis tools to discover previously unknown, valid patterns and relationships in large data sets. This report discusses the data mining uses (i.e. Terrorism Information Awareness (TIA) Program) and issues (i.e. data quality, interoperability, privacy), as well as the limitations of data mining.
Date: May 3, 2004
Creator: Seifert, Jeffrey W.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Army Corps of Engineers Civil Works Program: Issues for Congress (open access)

Army Corps of Engineers Civil Works Program: Issues for Congress

This report presents the issues considered by the 108th Congress related to the civil works program of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps). The Corps plans, constructs, and operates water resources facilities primarily for flood control, navigation, and environmental purposes.
Date: September 3, 2004
Creator: Carter, Nicole T. & Sheikh, Pervaze A.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Maine Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized (open access)

Maine Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the state of Maine.
Date: September 3, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Wyoming Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized (open access)

Wyoming Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the state of Wyoming.
Date: September 3, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Maryland Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized (open access)

Maryland Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the state of Maryland.
Date: September 3, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
West Virginia Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized (open access)

West Virginia Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on the state of West Virginia.
Date: September 3, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Puerto Rico Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized (open access)

Puerto Rico Emergency Management and Homeland Security Statutory Authorities Summarized

This report is one of a series that profiles the emergency management and homeland security statutory authorities of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and three territories (American Samoa, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands). Each profile identifies the more significant elements of state statutes, generally as codified. This report focuses on Puerto Rico.
Date: September 3, 2004
Creator: Bea, Keith; Runyon, L. Cheryl & Warnock, Kae M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
China-U.S. Trade Issues (open access)

China-U.S. Trade Issues

U.S.-China economic ties have expanded substantially over the past several years. China is now the third largest U.S. trading partner, its second largest source of imports, and its fourth largest export market. However, U.S.-China commercial ties have been strained by a number of issues, including a surging U.S. trade deficit with China, China's refusal to float its currency, and failure to fully comply with its World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments, especially its failure to provide protection for U.S. intellectual property rights (IPR). This report explores these issues in detail, especially concerning the lack of protection for U.S. IPR.
Date: November 3, 2004
Creator: Morrison, Wayne M.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Small Business Tax Benefits: Overview and Economic Analysis (open access)

Small Business Tax Benefits: Overview and Economic Analysis

None
Date: March 3, 2004
Creator: Guenther, Gary
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Revenue Reconciliation Directives to the Senate Finance Committee in Congressional Budget Resolutions (open access)

Revenue Reconciliation Directives to the Senate Finance Committee in Congressional Budget Resolutions

During the 30 years that the congressional budget process has been in effect, the Senate Finance Committee has been subject to revenue reconciliation directives in a budget resolution on 17 occasions. Eight instances involved directives to reduce revenues, while the remaining nine instructed the committee to increase revenues. In all but three of the 17 instances, revenue reconciliation directives to the committee were accompanied by spending reconciliation directives.
Date: December 3, 2004
Creator: Keith, Robert
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
U.S. Assistance to Vietnam (open access)

U.S. Assistance to Vietnam

U.S.-Vietnam diplomatic and economic relations were non-existent for more then fifteen years following communist North Vietnam’s victory in 1975 over the U.S. ally South Vietnam. Normalization of relations, particularly in the economic sphere, between the United States and unified Vietnam began in earnest in the 1990s. As the normalization process has proceeded, the U.S. has eliminated most of the Cold Warera restrictions on U.S. aid to Vietnam, and U.S. assistance has increased markedly from around $1 million when assistance was resumed in 1991 to nearly $50 million in FY2004.
Date: December 3, 2004
Creator: Manyin, Mark E.
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
FDA Regulation of Tobacco Products: A Policy and Legal Analysis (open access)

FDA Regulation of Tobacco Products: A Policy and Legal Analysis

This report examines the legislative debate over giving FDA the authority to regulate tobacco products and provides some analysis of S. 2461/H.R. 4433. It begins with an overview of the FDA’s 1996 tobacco rule that includes a summary of the agency’s arguments for asserting jurisdiction over tobacco products. That is followed by an analysis of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in FDA v. Brown & Williamson, which overturned the FDA tobacco rule. The report then reviews the 1997 proposed national tobacco settlement, which would have codified the FDA rule and given the agency explicit authority to regulate tobacco products as medical devices. It includes a discussion of the FDA provisions in the McCain tobacco bill, which was introduced and debated in the 105th Congress in an attempt to implement the proposed settlement. The final section of the report summarizes the provisions in S. 2461/H.R. 4433 and discusses some of the key issues, including preemption and the regulation of reduced-risk products.
Date: December 3, 2004
Creator: Redhead, C. Stephen & Feder, Jody
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Child Nutrition and WIC Programs: Background and Funding (open access)

Child Nutrition and WIC Programs: Background and Funding

Federally supported child nutrition programs and related activities — including school meal programs and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (the WIC program) — reach over 37 million children and almost 2 million lower-income pregnant/postpartum women. In FY2004, anticipated spending on these programs is $16.6 billion, and the FY2004 appropriations law (P.L. 108-199) supports this spending level (although with new appropriations of a lesser amount, some $16 billion). The Administration’s FY2005 revised budget request envisions spending a total of $17.15 billion, supported by new appropriations of $16.47 billion. The House FY2005 appropriations bill (H.R. 4766) would support spending of $16.97 billion with new appropriations of $16.29 billion.
Date: August 3, 2004
Creator: Richardson, Joe
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
Farm Commodity Programs: Honey (open access)

Farm Commodity Programs: Honey

This report discusses the honey price support program, which was first created by the Agricultural Act of 1949 (P.L. 81-439) to provide market price stability for honey producers and to encourage maintenance of sufficient bee populations for pollination
Date: December 3, 2004
Creator: Canada, Carol
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library
The Private Testing of Mad Cow Disease: Legal Issues (open access)

The Private Testing of Mad Cow Disease: Legal Issues

This report provides information on how most of the countries banned United States beef after a single report of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in a Canadian-born cow after the December 2003 U.S. report. Creekstone Farms Premium Beef, proposed to conduct BSE rapid tests to be able to do exports, but USDA rejected this proposal since it implies as consumer safety rather than animal health. Updated December 3, 2004.
Date: December 3, 2004
Creator: Vina, Stephen R
Object Type: Report
System: The UNT Digital Library