This paper reports the electroweak asymmetry in the reaction e/sup +/e/sup -/ ..-->.. tau/sup +/tau/sup -/ at 29 GeV. The results came from data taken with the High Resolution Spectrometer at PEP corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 256 pb/sup -1/. The 7372 observed events give A/sub tau tau/ = -(4.4 +- 1.4 +- 0.5)%. Events selected in the central region of the detector measure a total cross section of R/sub tau tau/ = 1.06 +- 0.02 +- 0.04. 5 refs., 1 fig.

The charged particle multiplicity distributions for single jets in e/sup +/e/sup -/ annihilation at 29 GeV have been measured using the High Resolution Spectrometer at PEP. The shape of the distribution agrees well with a Poisson distribution. No correlation is observed between the multiplicities in the two jets of an event. For fixed values of the prong number of the total event, the multiplicity sharing between the two jets is in good agreement with a binomial distribution. These observations are contrasted to the results from soft hadronic collisions and conclusions are drawn about the nature of clusters. 21 refs., 4 figs.

We report a measurement of the upper limit of the decay width for the D*/sup +/(2010) meson using the High Resolution Spectrometer at PEP. We observed the charged D* production in the decay mode of D*/sup +/ ..-->.. D/sup 0/..pi../sup +/ with the D/sup 0/ decaying into the K/sup -/..pi../sup +/ mode. The peak in the mass difference distribution M(K/sup -/..pi../sup +/..pi../sup +/)-M(K/sup -/..pi../sup +/) was used to directly measure the decay width. The width is dominated by the detector resolution and the preliminary result is an upper limit on the full width of GAMMA/sub D*/ < 1.15 MeV/c/sup 2/ at 90% C.L. 7 refs., 2 figs.

Types 304L, 316L, and 321 austenitic stainless steel and Incoloy 825 are being considered as candidate container materials for emplacing high-level waste in a tuff repository. The stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of these materials under simulated tuff repository conditions was evaluated by using the notched C-ring method. The tests were conducted in boiling synthetic groundwater as well as in the steam/air phase above the boiling solutions. All specimens were in contact with crushed Topopah Spring tuff. The investigation showed that microcracks are frequently observed after testing as a result of stress corrosion cracking or intergranular attack. Results showing changes in water chemistry during test are also presented.

Determination of invariant-plane strain crystallographic solutions for martensitic transformation between the FCC delta and monoclinic ..cap alpha.. phases in plutonium alloys, using three possible lattice correspondences and 53 possible lattice-invariant shear systems, identifies the most probable delta-..cap alpha.. lattice correspondence. The operative lattice-invariant shear systems are predicted by comparison of both shape strain magnitudes and computed interfacial energies. For delta ..-->.. ..cap alpha.. transformation twinning on (001) (100)/sub ..cap alpha../ is favored, giving a (.817, .538, .208)/sub delta/ habit and a (.947, .269, .174)/sub delta/ shape strain of magnitude m/sub 1/ = .324. The ..cap alpha.. ..-->.. delta transformation favors slip on (111) (101)/sub delta/, giving a (.255, .844, .471)/sub ..cap alpha../ habit and (.822, .466, .355)/sub ..cap alpha../ shape strain of magnitude m/sub 1/ = .417.

Research conducted as part of the Comprehensive Cooling Water Study (CCWS) has elucidated many factors that are important to fish population and community dynamics in a variety of habitats on the Savannah River Plant (SRP). Information gained from these studies is useful in predicting fish responses to SRP operations. The overall objective of the CCWS was (1) to determine the environmental effects of SRP cooling water withdrawals and discharges and (2) to determine the significance of the cooling water impacts on the environment. The purpose of this study was to: (1) examine the effects of thermal plumes on anadromous and resident fishes, including overwintering effects, in the SRP swamp and associated tributary streams; (2) assess fish spawning and locate nursery grounds on the SRP; (3) examine the level of use of the SRP by spawning fish from the Savannah River, this objective was shared with the Savannah River Laboratory, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company; and (4) determine impacts of cooling-water discharges on fish population and community attributes. Five studies were designed to address the above topics. The specific objectives and a summary of the findings of each study are presented.

Future space missions envision the use of large nuclear reactors utilizing either a single or a two-phase alkali-metal working fluid. The design and analysis of such reactors require state-of-the-art computer codes that can properly treat alkali-metal flow and heat transfer in a reduced-gravity environment. A literature search of relevant experiments in reduced gravity is reported on here, and reveals a paucity of data for such correlations. The few ongoing experiments in reduced gravity are noted. General plans are put forth for the reduced-gravity experiments which will have to be performed, at NASA facilities, with benign fluids. A similar situation exists regarding two-phase alkali-metal flow and heat transfer, even in normal gravity. Existing data are conflicting and indequate for the task of modeling a space reactor using a two-phase alkali-metal coolant. The major features of past experiments are described here. Data from the reduced-gravity experiments with innocuous fluids are to be combined with normal gravity data from the two-phase alkali-metal experiments. Analyses undertaken here give every expectation that the correlations developed from this data base will provide a valid representation of alkali-metal heat transfer and pressure drop in reduced gravity.

The Soudan 1 experiment has obtained additional evidence for underground muons associated with the x-ray pulsar Cygnus X-3. We report the preliminary analysis of data recorded during the October 1985 radio outburst of Cygnus X-3, which show a significant excess of muons for a narrow range of Cygnus X-3 phases.

The following features, in particular, have been examined: (a) large aspect ratio (A approx. = 6), which may ease maintenance; (b) high beta (..beta.. greater than or equal to 0.20) without indentation, which brings the maximum toroidal field down to about 6 to 7 T; (c) low toroidal current (I approx. = 4MA), which reduces the cost of the current drive and equilibrium field system; and (d) steady state operation with current density control via fast and slow wave current drive. The key to high beta operation with low toroidal current lies in utilizing second stability regime equilibria with the required current distributions produced by an appropriate selection of wave driver frequencies and power spectra. The ray tracing and current drive calculation is self-consistent with the actual magnetic fields they produce in the plasma. The impurity control activities in TPSS have emphasized the self-pumping concept as applied to using the entire first wall or ''slot'' limiters. The blanket design effort has emphasized liquid metal and Flibe concepts. The reference concept is a liquid lithium/vanadium, self-cooled configuration. Overall, there exists a number of major design improvements which will substantially improve the attractiveness of tokamak reactors.

Population radiation dose commitments have been estimated from reported radionuclide releases from commercial power reactors operating during 1982. Fifty-year dose commitments from a one-year exposure were calculated from both liquid and atmospheric releases for four population groups (infant, child, teen-ager and adult) residing between 2 and 80 km from each of 51 sites. This report tabulates the results of these calculations, showing the dose commitments for both liquid and airborne pathways for each age group and organ. Also included for each site is a histogram showing the fraction of the total population within 2 to 80 km around each site receiving various average dose commitments from the airborne pathways. The total dose commitments from both liquid and airborne pathways ranged from a high of 30 person-rem to a low of 0.007 person-rem for the sites with plants operating throughout the year with an arithmetic mean of 3 person-rem. The total population dose for all sites was estimated at 130 person-rem for the 100 million people considered at risk. The average individual dose commitment from all pathways on a site basis ranged from a low of 6 x 10/sup -7/ mrem to a high of 0.06 mrem. No attempt was made …

As part of the Component Fragility Research Program, sponsored by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, BNL is involved in establishing seismic fragility levels for various nuclear power plant equipment by identifying, collecting and analyzing existing test data from various sources. In Phase I of this program, BNL has reviewed approximately seventy test reports to collect fragility or high level test data for switchgears, motor control centers and similar electrical cabinets, valve actuators and numerous electrical devices of various manufacturers and models. This report provides an assessment and evaluation of the data collected in Phase I. The fragility data for medium voltage and low voltage switchgears and motor control centers are analyzed using the test response spectra (TRS) as a measure of the fragility level. The analysis reveals that fragility levels can best be described by a group of TRS curves corresponding to various failure modes. The lower-bound curve indicates the initiation of malfunctioning or structural damage; whereas, the upper-bound curve corresponds to overall failure of the equipment based on known failure modes. High level test data for some components are included in the report. These data indicate that some components are inherently strong and do not exhibit any failure mode …

String models of unified interactions are elegant sets of Feynman rules for the scattering of gravitons, gauge bosons, and a host of massive excitations. The purpose of these lectures is to describe the progress towards a nonperturbative formulation of the theory. Such a formulation should make the geometrical meaning of string theory manifest and explain the many ''miracles'' exhibited by the string Feynman rules. There are some new results on gauge invariant observables, on the cosmological constant, and on the symmetries of interacting string field theory. 49 refs.

This annotated bibliography includes papers on atomic and molecular processes published during 1985. Sources include scientific journals, conference proceedings, and books. Each entry is designated by one or more of the 114 categories of atomic and molecular processes used by the Controlled Fusion Atomic Data Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory to classify data. Also indicated is whether the work was experimental or theoretical, what energy range was covered, what reactants were investigated, and the country of origin of the first author. Following the bibliographical listing, the entries are indexed according to the categories and according to reactants within each subcategory.

Recent work on s-process nucleosynthesis has focused attention on the investigation of capture cross sections for nuclei in the mass region near the N = 50 closed neutron shell. Of special astrophysical interest are (i) the analysis of the s-process branching through /sup 85/Kr as a monitor of stellar neutron density and temperature and (ii) the investigation of the possible chronometric pair /sup 87/Rb-/sup 87/Sr as an independent measure of the age of the galaxy. For both problems the capture cross sections of the two pure s-process nuclei /sup 86/Sr and /sup 87/Sr have to be known to an accuracy of 5% or better. The current investigation of the neutron capture cross sections for /sup 86/Sr and /sup 87/Sr was undertaken to extend recent measurements by Walter and Beer to energies below 3.5 keV, where strong resonances are known to exist, and to explore the discrepancy in the results of the Maxwellian averaged capture cross section of /sup 87/Sr at kT = 30 keV as reported by previous investigators. 9 refs., 1 fig.

A laboratory leaching test has been performed as part of a project to evaluate the suitability of tuff rocks at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, as a site for a high-level nuclear waste repository. Glass samples of the kind that will be used to store nuclear waste were placed in water inside tuff vessels, and then the tuff vessels were placed in water inside Teflon containers. Glass-component leach rates and migration through the tuff were measured for samples of the ATM-8 actinide glass, which is a PNL 76-68 based glass with low levels of {sup 99}Tc, {sup 237}Np, {sup 238}U, and {sup 239}Pu to simulate wastes. Disc samples of this glass were leached at 90{sup 0}C to 30, 90, and 1983 days inside tuff vessels using a natural groundwater (J-13 well-water) as the leachant. Some samples were held by 304L stainless steel supports to evaluate the effect of this metal on the release rate of glass constituents. At the end of each leaching interval, the J-13 water present inside and outside the rock vessel was analyzed for glass components in solution. On the basis of these analyses, B, Mo, and Tc, appear to migrate through the rock at rates that depend on …

Positron-emitting radionuclides permit the use of electronic collimation and thus achieve higher resolution and better sensitivity than can be obtained with gamma-emitting radiotracers. The evolution of PET imaging systems can be traced from the use of opposed collimated scanning detectors, which had all the limitations of traditional single photon imaging devices, to the present systems which surround the subject with a large volume of detector material. The improvements in system resolution now approach the theoretical limitation imposed by positron-range, and angular deviation. The use of coding permits the use of shared electronics for reading our multiple detectors, which promises to decrease the cost of PET imaging devices, at some penalty of degraded performance. Improvements in computer architectures and capabilities permit faster reconstruction of the multiple planes imaged by multi-slice imaging systems. Software for distortion correction and image processing are still under development, and the ability to map between different devices requires the coordination of efforts between different groups in the same institution. The development and validation of the mathematical models for tracer kinetic analyses will continue to occupy the attention of clinicians and scientists involved in these developments. The desire to make these devices simple and cheap enough to be …

The superheated-steam test exposed different ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) cables and insulation specimens to simultaneous aging and a 21-day simultaneous accident environment. In addition, some insulation specimens were exposed to five different aging conditions prior to the 21-day simultaneous accident simulation. The purpose of this superheated-steam test (a follow-on to the saturated-steam tests (NUREG/CR-3538)) was to: (1) examine electrical degradation of different configurations of EPR cables; (2) investigate differences between using superheated-steam or saturated-steam at the start of an accident simulation; (3) determine whether the aging technique used in the saturated-steam test induced artificial degradation; and (4) identify the constituents in EPR that affect moisture absorption.

A computer-based system for collecting, processing, and analyzing pressure transient data has been developed. Primary components include downhole pressure sensors, linedrivers, a micro-computer, data storage disk, scanner, frequency counter, digital voltmeter, power supply, graphics plotter, and printer. In-field data processing and analysis greatly aid in handling the large volume of data that are collected during pressure transients tests, particularly the multiwell interference tests that are so important for characterizing and assessing geothermal reservoirs. In-field data processing provides the field engineer, on a real-time basis, with the information needed to make decisions regarding test parameters and duration. The system has been used on numerous occasions and has proved itself to be reliable under the harsh operating conditions that are usually encountered in the field. This paper describes the advantages of using this type of system for collecting data, the components and configuration of the system, and the software programs used to collect and process the data. Finally, two field applications are presented.

A review is presented of data and theoretical interpretations of the nuclear dependence of quark and antiquark distributions as observed in the deep inelastic scattering of neutrinos and charged leptons from nuclei. After a summary of the experimental situation and a survey of the broad spectrum of proposed explanations, I concentrate on the Q/sup 2/-rescaling approach and on interpretations in terms of conventional nuclear physics. The review concludes with a list of desirable future experiments. 31 refs., 4 figs.

The modular design of the linac cryostat system based on a cavity-pair is presented.Description of the cryogenic module consisting of four cavity-pairs is included.The methods of making a cavity-pair hermetic during cryostat assembly, introducing the waveguides, supporting the helium vessels and introducing instrumentation are presented.Also included are the methods of tuning the cavities, aligning them to exterior references and connecting cryogenic fluid circuits to adjacent modules and transfer lines.

The standard Model predicts sizeable if not even maximal B/sub s/ - anti B/sub s/ mixing; B/sub d/ - anti B/sub d/ mixing is not expected to exceed the one percent level unless top quarks are very heavy (m/sub t/ greater than or equal to 150 GeV). B decays also offer the best opportunity to discover CP violation outside the neutral K system. Employing the standard model one predicts - with reasonable confidence - CP symmetries of up to 20% (or even more in some cases). The branching ratios for the individual exclusive modes of interest are not expected to exceed the 10/sup -3/ level in most cases; the identification of such decays poses non-trivial problems. It is shown that by summing intelligently over appropriate classes of decays one can greatly enhance statistics without jeopardizing the signal. Very similar searches can be performed for D decays.

Non-leptonic B decays offer the best opportunity to discover the violation of CP invariance outside the neutral K system. Employing the Standard Model one predicts - with reasonable confidence - CP asymmetries of up to 205 (or even more in some cases). The branching ratios for the individual exclusive modes of interest are not expected to exceed the 10/sup -3/ level in most cases; the identification of such decays poses non-trivial problems. It is shown that by summing intelligently over appropriate classes of decays one can greatly enhance statistics without jeopardizing the signal. Data that contain 10/sup 6/ produced B mesons would allow meaningful searches for CP violation. It is noted that ''New Physics'' could lead to CP asymmetries in D/sup 0/ decays of order 1%. Due to higher branching ratios one can search for such effects in samples of 10/sup 6/ produced D mesons. 7 refs.

Numerical studies are performed to investigate the effects of localized feed zones on the pressure transients in two-phase reservoirs. It is shown that gravity effects can significantly affect the pressure transients, because of the large difference in the density of liquid water and vapor. Pressure transients for shallow and deep feed zones and the resulting fluid flow patterns are discussed.

The development of linear induction accelerators has been motivated by applications requiring high-pulsed currents of charged particles at voltages exceeding the capability of single-stage, diode-type accelerators and at currents too high for rf accelerators. In principle, one can accelerate charged particles to arbitrarily high voltages using a multi-stage induction machine, but the 50-MeV, 10-kA Advanced Test Accelerator (ATA) at LLNL is the highest voltage machine in existence at this time. The advent of magnetic pulse power systems makes sustained operation at high-repetition rates practical, and this capability for high-average power is very likely to open up many new applications of induction machines in the future. This paper surveys the US induction linac technology with primary emphasis on electron machines. A simplified description of how induction machines couple energy to the electron beam is given, to illustrate many of the general issues that bound the design space of induction linacs.