There are automatic safety features and operator-initiated emergency procedures which influence the sequence of events until the time when the standby liquid control system (SLCS), or other attempts to get control rods inserted, can effect shutdown of the core. One emergency procedure for a BWR/4 would require the operator to reduce the flow of high pressure coolant injection (HPCI) into the reactor. The core inlet flow rate at this time would be due to natural circulation and the reduced flow would lower the water level in the downcomer thereby reducing the natural circulation flow rate. This effect, and the reduction in core inlet subcooling due to mixing of the emergency feedwater with steam in the downcomer when the level was lowered, cause a sufficient increase in core void fraction so that the power would be reduced. A reduction in pressure might also be called for during this event in order to comply with the PSP heat capacity temperature limit (or possibly to prevent cycling of relief valves). In the past few years there have been several studies of this problem with the emphasis on calculating the power level in the core. In the present study we consider the power level …

Three experiments that have been approved to run at TeV I are discussed from the viewpoint of their capability to search for evidence of the QCD phase transition in proton-antiproton collisions at 1.6 TeV. One of these experiments, E-735, was proposed as a dedicated search for quark-gluon plasma effects with a detector designed to study large total E/sub T/, low P/sub T/ individual particles. The other two, E-741 (CDF) and E-740 (DO), embody general purpose four-pi detectors designed primarily to study the physics of W and Z bosons and other large P/sub T/ phenomena. The detectors and their quark-gluon plasma signals are compared. 8 refs., 6 figs., 4 tabs. (LEW)

Article from June 1986 edition of Dialog from the Dallas Gay Alliance. Includes highlighting.

This report describes beam director elements for an experiment at the Advanced Test Accelerator. The elements described include a vernier magnet for beam aiming, an achromat magnet, and an isolation system for the beam interface. These components are built at small scale for concept testing. (JDH)

Four accelerator parameters were found to control the condition of the electron beam entering the Intergrated Fast Reactor (IFR). These parameters were the matching of the electron beam to the ion channel, the laser timing, the benzene pressure at the entrance to the IFR, and the timing of the accelerator gaps. Manipulation of these parameters make possible the control of the total current, the emittance, the pulse length, the mixture of laser induced current and cathode current, the radial growth in time, the final size of the beam, and the energy variation through the pulse. 1 fig.

Gluon emission and the transverse momentum (p/sub t/) of partons confined in nucleons were studied using deep-inelastic charged-current neutrino-nucleon interactions. For this analysis we use the flow of hadronic energy in the azimuthal direction around the momentum transfer referenced from the neutrino-muon scattering plane. A five standard deviation asymmetry was found. Analysis of this asymmetry indicates a (p/sub t/) of 0.35 +- 0.12 GeV/c if QCD corrections are included, and 0.56 +- 0.05 GeV/c if they are excluded. Some evidence was also observed for x dependence in p/sub t/. Data were taken at Fermilab in 1982 using a 200 ton (fiducial mass) fine grained calorimeter and a dichromatic neutrino beam.

In those materials where the f-states are hybridized, a band structure provides a reasonable description of the ground state. This is amply demonstrated by the successful determination of the Fermi surfaces of CeSn/sub 3/, URh/sub 3/, Ulr/sub 3/, and UGe/sub 3/. But when the f-states become more local, inadequacies of the functionals employed yield incomplete localization. Thus, to obtain a good description of the Fermi surface for high field ferromagnetic CeSb, the local character of the f-orbitals is artifically forced to produce the standard rare earth model. When dealing with excited states, the ground state band structure provides only part of the story. Even thermal excitations can provide significant departures from the ground state as evidenced by the large enhancements found for some materials. The series USi/sub 3/, UGe/sub 3/, and USn/sub 3/ (together with CeSn/sub 3/) demonstrate the effect very well. NpSn/sub 3/ provides a useful counter example demonstrating that such enhancements need not be a universal property of localization.

Allowance is made for beta-delayed fission in the calculation of the mass yield of underground thermonuclear explosions. This allowance is made by calculating a correction factor by four different methods. These correction factors are applied to a simple model of product yield and the accuracy and potential usefulness of the results are discussed. 19 refs., 3 figs., 1 tab. (DWL)

We have made extensive calculations of photoabsorption by all neutral atoms from hydrogen to lawrencium for photon energies up to one kilovolt. Our method was the relativistic time-dependent local density approximation with the usual configuration average for open shells. The most important collective effects are included through an induced field. Expected features such as resonant photoemission and autoionization are seen. Examples of the calculations will be shown. The computer program used is available from the Computer Physics Communications Program Library. 11 refs., 6 figs.

The modular design of the linac cryostat system based on a cavity-pair is presented.Description of the cryogenic module consisting of four cavity-pairs is included.The methods of making a cavity-pair hermetic during cryostat assembly, introducing the waveguides, supporting the helium vessels and introducing instrumentation are presented.Also included are the methods of tuning the cavities, aligning them to exterior references and connecting cryogenic fluid circuits to adjacent modules and transfer lines.

This report talks about The CEBAF Cryogenic System

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The CEBAF accelerator is a CW linac based on RF superconductivity and making use of multiple recirculation.Its major components are a 50 MeV injector, two linacs segments of 0.5 GeV energy gain each, and recirculator arcs connecting the two linac segments.Each linac segment consists of 25 cryomodules, separated by warm sections with quadrupoles, steering magnets, and beam diagnostics.Each cryomodule contains 8, 1500 MHz, 5-cell, Cornell type cavities with waveguide couplers for fundamental power and HOM damping, each cavity being powered by its own klystron.Recirculator arcs are vertically stacked, large radius, strong focusing beam lines that minimize synchrotron radiation effects.A high quality (delta-E/E~10&-4, Xi ~ 10^-9 m) beam of 200 micro-amp, 100% duty factor, with 0.5 GeV < E < 4.0 GeV will be generated.

The motion of a particle in the linear lattice of the SSC is stable, that is, the Courant-Synder invariant (W/sub 0/) remains exactly constant and the betatron phase (psi) increase by (2..pi nu..) for every revolution around the circumference. However, when magnetic field perturbations are present around the ring, this mode of describing the motion is no longer valid. One can then still speak of action-angle variables (W,phi) which in the limit of zero perturbation reduce to the linear betatron invariant and the betatron phase. The change in phase (phi-psi) is then directly related to the perturbed betatron tune, while the change in action (W-W/sub 0/) is closely related to the idea of ''smear'' or ''change in the linear invariant.'' In this paper, consistent with these concepts, we develop the theory of particle motion for field perturbations around the machine. We confine ourselves to motion in one plane only and treat the field perturbations to first order in their strength. Based on the assumed random multipoles in the SSC dipole magnets, we then obtain an estimate of the ''linear aperture'' of the machine.

Measurements of soft x-ray production by transition radiation have been performed in a series of experiments at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The results have shown that transition radiation is an intense and predictable source of photons in the soft x-ray energy range. This paper will give a brief review of the general properties of the x-ray distributions generated by these sources. 9 refs., 9 figs.

We report the status of evaluating an accelerated and focused compact torus as a driver for ICF. We are studying the acceleration and focusing aspects experimentally in the RACE facility, a recently completed ring generator coupled to a 260 kJ acceleration bank. Compact torus and ICF target interaction is being investigated with PIC codes and LASNEX, a 2D magneto-hydrodynamics code. Final conditions required of the CT are discussed as well as coupling issues such as superthermal electron production. We conclude with an economic evaluation of a few 100 MW reactor driven by a compact torus. 9 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.

Optimized cost estimates for induction linac accelerators using mass 133 ions at a charge state of +2 producing inertial fusion target yields of 300, 600, and 1200 MJ are presented. The ions are injected into the accelerator at 3 MV, and accelerated to the required voltage appropriate to the desired target yield. A cost comparison of these drivers is made with drivers using mass 200, charge state +3 ions for several target yields and a fusion power of 3000 MW.

Void nucleation in irradiated austenitic stainless steels generally requires the presence of either residual or transmutant gases. Classical nucleation rates are much too low to account for the number of voids observed at temperatures greater than about 450/sup 0/C. An alternate path is generally believed to be responsible for void formation; viz. the growth of gas-stabilized bubbles until they reach a critical size beyond which further gas accumulation is not required to promote growth. Two limiting paths can be envisioned for void nucleation on a population of sub-critical helium/vacancy clusters; one is limited to growth by helium accumulation along and the other to growth by stochastic fluctuations in the vacancy accumulation. As bubbles approach the critical size, stochastic processes could begin to contribute to the void nucleation rate. A comparison is made of nucleation rates along these two limiting paths as a function of the gas content of the clusters.

We are reporting EPR results obtained with uranium powder samples fully oxidized in dry air, water vapor, and air/water vapor mixtures. The results reported previously are confirmed and additional paramagnetic centers, associated with chemisorbed species, have been identified. The temperature dependence of the g-value for these centers from room temperature to 10K is also reported.

A computer-based system for collecting, processing, and analyzing pressure transient data has been developed. Primary components include downhole pressure sensors, linedrivers, a micro-computer, data storage disk, scanner, frequency counter, digital voltmeter, power supply, graphics plotter, and printer. In-field data processing and analysis greatly aid in handling the large volume of data that are collected during pressure transients tests, particularly the multiwell interference tests that are so important for characterizing and assessing geothermal reservoirs. In-field data processing provides the field engineer, on a real-time basis, with the information needed to make decisions regarding test parameters and duration. The system has been used on numerous occasions and has proved itself to be reliable under the harsh operating conditions that are usually encountered in the field. This paper describes the advantages of using this type of system for collecting data, the components and configuration of the system, and the software programs used to collect and process the data. Finally, two field applications are presented.

A self-cooled Flibe blanket concept has been developed. The problems associated with tritium breeding, tritium containment, and corrosion have been investigated and potential solutions developed. A highly efficient and compact blanket and power conversion system has been incorporated. The resulting system is low pressure with high thermal efficiency and is inherently safe.

We construct the particulate states of quantum physics using a recursive computer program that incorporates non-determinism by means of locally arbitrary choices. Quantum numbers and coupling constants arise from the construction via the unique 4-level combinatorial hierarchy. The construction defines indivisible quantum events with the requisite supraluminal correlations, yet does not allow supraluminal communication. Measurement criteria incorporate c, h-bar and m/sub p/ or (not ''and'') G, connected to laboratory events via finite particle number scattering theory and the counter paradigm. The resulting theory is discrete throughout, contains no infinities, and, as far as we have developed it, is in agreement with quantum mechanical and cosmological fact.

Non-leptonic B decays offer the best opportunity to discover the violation of CP invariance outside the neutral K system. Employing the Standard Model one predicts - with reasonable confidence - CP asymmetries of up to 205 (or even more in some cases). The branching ratios for the individual exclusive modes of interest are not expected to exceed the 10/sup -3/ level in most cases; the identification of such decays poses non-trivial problems. It is shown that by summing intelligently over appropriate classes of decays one can greatly enhance statistics without jeopardizing the signal. Data that contain 10/sup 6/ produced B mesons would allow meaningful searches for CP violation. It is noted that ''New Physics'' could lead to CP asymmetries in D/sup 0/ decays of order 1%. Due to higher branching ratios one can search for such effects in samples of 10/sup 6/ produced D mesons. 7 refs.

Determination of invariant-plane strain crystallographic solutions for martensitic transformation between the FCC delta and monoclinic ..cap alpha.. phases in plutonium alloys, using three possible lattice correspondences and 53 possible lattice-invariant shear systems, identifies the most probable delta-..cap alpha.. lattice correspondence. The operative lattice-invariant shear systems are predicted by comparison of both shape strain magnitudes and computed interfacial energies. For delta ..-->.. ..cap alpha.. transformation twinning on (001) (100)/sub ..cap alpha../ is favored, giving a (.817, .538, .208)/sub delta/ habit and a (.947, .269, .174)/sub delta/ shape strain of magnitude m/sub 1/ = .324. The ..cap alpha.. ..-->.. delta transformation favors slip on (111) (101)/sub delta/, giving a (.255, .844, .471)/sub ..cap alpha../ habit and (.822, .466, .355)/sub ..cap alpha../ shape strain of magnitude m/sub 1/ = .417.