This report presents an evaluation of the geothermal potential of the Yuma, Arizona area. A description of the study area and the Salton Trough area is followed by a geothermal analysis of the area, a discussion of the economics of geothermal exploration and exploitation, and recommendations for further testing. It was concluded economic considerations do not favor geothermal development at this time. (ACR)

We assessed particle deposition and loss occurring in two alpha-air monitors: an Eberline Alpha-3 Continuous Air Monitor (CAM) and a working-area transuranic aerosol monitor (WOTAMS). We investigated the dependence of particle size on losses in the sampling inlets and the real-time alpha detector areas for both instruments. We determined the uniformity of particle deposition on the filter to ascertain the effectiveness of the detector and collection-filter configuration. Results indicate that particle losses are a strong function of particle size in the CAM unit, with a 44% loss occurring for 6-..mu..m-diameter aerosols and a 0.3% loss for 0.6-..mu..m-diameter aerosols. Losses in the WOTAMS were less than 1% for particle diameters in the 0.6-to-7 ..mu..m range.

The limits of applicability of the standard model are considered. The theory is described from an experimenter's viewpoint, emphasizing the observables. The present experimental situation is summarized. The aspects of symmetry breaking, radiative corrections, scattering of neutrinos from hadrons, and neutrino-electron scattering are discussed. The discussion is meant to underscore the need for a really precise measurement of the Weinberg angle in the scattering mode. A proposed LAMPF experiment is then described which is meant to combine excellent statistical precision with the potential for low systematic uncertainty in order to make such a measurement. (LEW)

EQ3/6 geochemical modeling code package was used to investigate the interaction of the Topopah Spring Tuff and J-13 water at high temperatures. EQ3/6 input parameters were obtained from the results of laboratory experiments using USW G-1 core and J-13 water. Laboratory experiments were run at 150 and 250{sup 0}C for 66 days using both wafer-size and crushed tuff. EQ3/6 modeling reproduced results of the 150{sup 0}C experiments except for a small increase in the concentration of potassium that occurs in the first few days of the experiments. At 250{sup 0}C, the EQ3/6 modeling reproduced the major water/rock reactions except for a small increase in potassium, similar to that noted above, and an overall increase in aluminum. The increase in potassium concentration cannot be explained at this time, but the increase in A1 concentration is believed to be caused by the lack of thermodynamic data in the EQ3/6 data base for dachiardite, a zeolite observed as a run product at 250{sup 0}C. The ability to reproduce the majority of the experimental rock/water interactions at 150{sup 0}C validates the use of EQ3/6 as a geochemical modeling tool that can be used to theoretically investigate physical/chemical environments in support of the Waste Package …

The overall objective of this project is to collect, organize, and summarize data concerning anadromous fish culture stations of the Columbia River system for 1981, 1982, and 1983 and to create a data archive system with a means of making this information available to the public.

The betatron heating of the core is commonly agreed to be due to a undesired difference mode in the kickers. This could be due to tolerances and mistakes in the kickers or in the hydrids which ideally drive the kickers in the sum mode. The purpose of this note is to estimate the effect of the latter. The hydrids, by the nature of their construction, have systematic errors. These errors appear to be larger than the errors which come from construction tolerances.

The results of both laboratory and field experiments indicate that the neutron moisture gauge traditionally used in soil physics experiments can be extended for use in large diameter (up to 15 cm) steel-cased boreholes with excellent results. This application will permit existing saturated zone monitoring wells to be used for unsaturated zone monitoring of recharge, redistribution and leak detection from waste disposal facilities. Its applicability to large diameter cased wells also gives the soil physicist and ground-water hydrologist and new set of monitoring points in the unsaturated zone to study recharge and aquifer properties. 6 refs., 6 figs., 2 tabs.

The purpose of this study is to identify opportunities for photovoltaic (PV) research projects to capitalize on related but non-PV research. The study is performed under the assumption that a considerable body of ongoing semiconductor research in non-PV areas could be of value to its PV Program and the PV community in general. Research related to III-V compounds, thin films, and crystalline silicon materials is included. Research that is known to be PV-related or sponsored by DOE was excluded from consideration. The study resulted in 11 recommendations (research areas) and a subset of 58 specific research projects. In addition, over 75 non-PV research managers in the semiconductor field are identified as potential sources of ideas which could benefit photovoltaics.

The motivation for creating a permanent lunar settlement is sketched, and reasons for doing so in the coming decade are put forward. A basic plan to accomplish this is outlined, along technical and programmatic axes. It is concluded that founding a lunar settlement on the five hundredth anniversary of the Columbus landing - a Columbus Project - could be executed as a volunteer-intensive American enterprise requiring roughly six thousand man-years of skilled endeavor and a total Governmental contribution of the order of a half-billion dollars. 8 figs.

This document summarizes the first two weeks of the transition plan for Westinghouse Materials Company (WMCO) to transition into management of the Feed Materials Production Center. The report presents accomplishments, planned activities, and percieved problems for the process, organized into 15 general areas: operations and maintenance; human resources; community involvement; environmental, safety and health; security and safeguards; finance; legal and contracts management; engineering and construction; management control systems; quality assurance; waste management; productivity retention program; purchasing; liaison with customers of FMPC (Users) and DOE; development of 9-month program plan.

A two-year study to describe an attractive tandem mirror reactor is in progress. The reactor, called Minimars, will produce 600 MW of net electrical power at a cost of less than 50 mills/kWh and will be inherently safe. The first year of the study has emphasized innovative concepts and trade studies that lead to good cost vs performance ratings. a set of baseline parameters and a preliminary engineering description of the machine have been generated, along with a first cost estimate. The second year of the study will develop the proposed concepts into an integrated point design and provide a ''bottoms-up'' cost estimate.

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An economic model of a laser fusion commercial power plant is used to identify the design and operating regimes of the driver, target and reaction chamber that will result in economic competitiveness with future fission and coal plants. We find that, for a plant with a net power of 1 GW/sub e/, the cost of the driver must be less than $0.4 to 0.6 B, and the recirculating power fraction must be less than 25%. Target gain improvements at low driver energy are the most beneficial but also the most difficult to achieve. The optimal driver energy decreases with increasing target technology. The sensitivity of the cost of electricity to variations in cost and performance parameters decreases with increasing target technology. If chamber pulse rates of a few Hz can be achieved, then gains of 80 to 100 will be sufficient, and higher pulse rates do not help much. Economic competitiveness becomes more difficult with decreasing plant size. Finally, decreasing the cost of the balance of plant has the greatest beneficial effect on economic competitiveness. 6 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

The Fast Flux Test Facility is a 400 MW Thermal Sodium Cooled Fast Reactor operated by Westinghouse Hanford Company for the US Department of Energy. During startup testing in 1979, the sodium level in one of the primary sodium pumps was inadvertently raised above the normal height. This resulted in distortion of the pump shaft. Pump replacement was carried out using special maintenance equipment. Nuclear radiation and contamination were not significant problems since replacement operations were carried out shortly after startup of the Fast Flux Test Facility.

Present ion sources produce deuterium ions plus small amounts of impurity ions including oxygen. The oxygen current is readily trapped by the Mirror Fusion Test Facility-B (MFTF-B) plasma and represents a severe energy loss mechanism. A pure-beam source-neutralizer has been designed by LLNL for the MFTF-B. This concept uses momentum separation by closely coupling an electromagnet to the source to purify the beam. This design requires a low pressure in the neutralizer, implying a long length and a large diameter for high conductance. Present designs require a 55-in. diameter by 60-in. long magnetically shielded region. This shield encloses the source and the separator magnet, and acts as the neutralizer duct for the beam. The fringe fields from the MFTF-B magnets penetrate the pure-beam neutralizer along the beamline axis. Field strengths on the order of three hundred gauss must be reduced to less than 6 gauss axial and 0.2 gauss transverse to the beam. Conventional single and double layer shielding designs require excessive amounts of permeable material. Multiple layer shields using a soft iron outer shield with a highly permeable inner shield require a 4 3/4-in.-thick outer shield. We have rejected this as a possible shielding solution. Active shielding, using two …

The general consensus of the seven reviewers is that occupational exposures at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have not been established as a causal factor for the observed excess of malignant melanoma. Several observations support the impression that some or all of the observed melanoma excess may be attributable to intense surveillance and enhanced detection of early stage melanoma lesions. Since the incidence of melanomas among Laboratory employees has not diminished, an early harvesting effect is unlikely. This suggests the distinct possibility that localized, in situ melanomas that would normally not be detected are being reported, and that in the absence of this enhanced detection, many of these early stage lesions would show little or no clinical progression. This phenomenon would explain the continued high incidence of melanomas in the absence of a physical or chemical inciting cause. A key point in this reasoning is the issue of the rate of growth of early stage melanomas, and this point remains a key question for study. Even if the observed excess cannot be explained by detection bias, the reviewers agree that the Austin and Reynolds' study does not make a convincing case for occupational factors being a cause of the high melanoma …

In the Cascade inertial fusion reactor, the innermost blanket zone consists of solid granules of C or BeO. The x rays from a fusion pulse of 300 MJ will vaporize up to 1 kg of material. The temperature of this vaporized material may reach 1 to 2 electron volts. The CONRAD code was used to calculate the energy and mass exchange between this hot plasma and the cold wall until complete recondensation of the material reduces the chamber particle density to 3 x 10 V cm T, which is required for propagation of the next laser pulse. Our calculations indicate that recondensation times are in the few to tens of milliseconds range even if only the first layer of granules is available for recondensation. Gas flow calculations indicate that several layers of granules should be available for recondensation. We discuss phenomenology, not currently in the CONRAD model, that could lead to increased recondensation times. 17 refs., 5 figs.

The Ion Beam Facility operated for 6000 machine hours last year, ranging in energy from 300 Kev to 24 Mev. Improvements include cryopumps replacing diffusion pumps, a rebuilding of the tandem chopper electronics and the vertical's corona charging system. Methane molecules were successfully accelerated by the vertical in quantities of hundreds of nanoamperes. Two replacement magnet power supplies on the tandem and a completely new capacitor shell regulator on the vertical are soon to be installed.

The mapping of the magnetic flux bundle from the center cell to the Plasma Potential Control plates (PPC) on the end fan of the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX-U), was improved by the addition of trim coils (12,000 amp-turns) on each side of each end fan next to the pump beam magnetic shields. The coils' axes are oriented perpendicular to the machine centerline. These coils made the necessary corrections to the field-line mapping, while keeping the field in the nearby pump beam magnetic shield below the saturation threshold. This paper briefly describes the problem, discusses the design as it evolved, and presents the results of the field testing. The disturbance to the field mapping and the appropriate corrections were determined using the code GFUN (a three dimensional electromagnetic field analysis code that includes the presence of permeable materials). The racetrack-shaped coils have dimensions of 1.5 feet by 3 feet and are powered by a renovated 600 kW Bart-Messing power supply controlled by the machine's magnet control system. The magnets were fabricated from polyimide-coated magnet wire. They are rated to 200/sup 0/C, although in pulsed operation they rise only a few degrees centigrade. The coils are placed outside of the vacuum …

This paper will describe changes to the previously reported Electron Cyclotron Resonant Heating (ECRH) circular waveguide systems that deliver power to the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX-U) machine. Four gyrotrons and associated waveguide systems, operating at 28-GHz and 200 kW each, helped establish electrostatic plugging in the end cells of TMX-U. A fifth gyrotron has been installed to power two resonant locations in the end plugs. This system and the pair of 10 kG heaters now use a slot radiator to obtain a more uniform coverage of the plasma. In addition, four 18-GHz ECRH systems have been added to the machine. 3 refs., 7 figs.

The Tandem Mirror Experiment-Upgrade (TMX-U) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has been using a Computer Aided Design (CAD) graphics system to enhance its design capabilities since November of 1984. Three-dimensional models of the TMX-U magnet set, neutral beams, plasma, and containment vessel have been modeled on the system. These models are used for location verification, diagnostic placement, interference checking, and visualization of complex shapes generated on the Magnetic Fusion Energy Computer Center (MFECC) mainframes. The graphics system used at LLNL is a Computervision multi-application graphics system. Four other fusion laboratories, Princeton, Oak Ridge, General Atomic, and Los Alamos, have purchased this same CAD system. These sites are linked through the MFE computer network to allow for the exchange of design files and the transfer of physics and engineering data to and from the CAD systems. This paper gives examples of how the CAD system has been used to solve design and engineering problems for the TMX-U.

During the past four years, the Tandem Mirror Experiment-Upgrade (TMX-U) magnet system has operated successfully, delivering more than 13,300 full-power shots. This paper presents the expanded physics criteria and how they affect the magnetic field design. It compares our operational results with previously defined criteria for current repeatability, cooling, duty cycle and vacuum integrity. It also details the solutions to a few operational problems, including the discovery and repair of a ground fault in the east plug Ioffe and another in an east plug cee circuit power supply. 14 refs.

The halow recycler is a mechanical device on the Tandem Mirror Experiment Upgrade (TMX-U) that is designed to increase the density at the plasma edge providing enhanced shielding of the core plasma from background neutrals. Each recycler body, which consists of coaxial annular cylinders and a adjacent plenum closely follows the magnetic flux tubes in the transition region of TMX-U. Each plenum is provided with gas feed and pressure measurement systems as well as Langmuir probes. This paper describes the design, fabrication, installation, and operation of these devices.

This paper reviews the mechanical design and improvements that have taken place on the loop type ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) antennas that are located in the center cell region of the Tandem Mirror Experiment-Upgrade (TMX-U).