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Effects of light intensity and PH on photosynthesis in Elodea densa
None
Date:
August 1, 1975
Creator:
Weber, J.A. & Gates, D.M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Hydrogen bonding in asphaltenes and coal. Progress report, March 1, 1977--August 31, 1977
A calorimetric method is presented for the simultaneous evaluation of equilibrium constant, K, and molar enthalpy, ..delta..H/sup 0/, for 1 : 1 adduct formation of quinoline (Qu) with asphaltene (A), together with its acid/neutral (AA) fraction and its base (BA) fraction, isolated from a centrifuged liquid product (CLP) sample prepared from Kentucky hvAb coal at 27.6 MPa hydrogen pressure and 723K, with reactor charged with glass pellets. The same procedure was used to determine K and ..delta..H/sup 0/ for 1 : 1 adduct formation of Qu with asphaltene and heavy oils obtained from CLP samples (FB-53) prepared with CoMo catalyst at different run times and process conditions. The effects of the CoMo catalyst, run time, and residence times on viscosity, molecular weight, ..delta..H/sup 0/, heteratom content, contents of preasphaltene, asphaltene and heavy oil, aromaticity, and structural parameters, are determined. These findings lead to the conclusion that hydrogen bonding plays an important role in determining viscosity, and contributes more to the enthalpy of interaction than does ..pi..-interaction. The toluene-insoluble fraction, asphaltene (whole, acid/neutral and base fractions), and heavy oil were isolated from a solvent-refined-coal (SRC) conversion product. Data obtained from several infrared and viscosity experiments indicate that the behavior of different …
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Li, N. C. & Tewari, K. C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Environmental monitoring at major U. S. Energy Research and Development Administration contractor sites: calendar year 1976. Volume 2
The purpose of this compilation is to present, in a central reference document, all of the individual annual reports summarizing the results of the environmental monitoring programs conducted at each of the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) sites having a potential for environmental impact or which release a significant quantity of radioactivity or nonradioactive pollutants. Data on the levels of radioactivity and nonradioactive pollutants in effluents and the environs at each site are given, and effluent and environmental measurements and sampling results are evaluated in relation to the appropriate standards for environmental protection, including estimates of potential radiation exposures offsite. It is noteworthy that, in most cases, the potential offsite exposures are so low they cannot be determined by direct measurement methods but must be estimated by calculational techniques. All potential offsite exposures to members of the public from routine effluent releases in 1976 were less than 5 mrem/yr (i.e., less than one percent of the established radiation protection guidelines for exposure of the public). Additionally, the estimated collective man-rem dose potential to all members of the public within an 80 Km radius at all ERDA sites is less than .02 percent of the estimated man-rem dose due to …
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Stirling total energy systems study. Final report, May 15, 1976--June 13, 1977
The application of Stirling cycle prime movers to total energy power generation systems was investigated. Electrical, heating, and cooling demand profiles for a typical residential complex, hospital, and office building were studied, and alternative Stirling total energy systems were conceptualized for each site. These were analyzed in detail and contrasted with purchased-power systems for these sites to determine fuel-energy savings and investment attractiveness. The residential complex and hospital would be excellent candidates for total energy systems, and prime movers in the 1000 kW output range would be required. Stirling engines with so large an output have not been built to date, although there would be no fundamental technical barrier to prevent this. However, careful consideration must be given to the following technological decision areas before arriving at a final design, if its potential is to be realized: engine configuration, hotside heat exchange interface, engine control system, internal gas seals, and advanced coal combustion technology. The principal advantage of a Stirling prime mover in this application, in view of national concern over present and future dependence on oil, is that it could utilize low-grade liquid fuels and coal.
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Lehrfeld, D.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Physicochemical Studies of the Carbamate-CO/sub 2/-Solvent System
The formation of carbamate from CO/sub 2/ and the various amine solutions has been investigated for the purpose of elucidating the structure of the species generated in the reaction. The amine solutions used were 1 and 2 molar solutions of di-n-butylamine (DNBA) in triethylamine (TEA), pure DNBA and pure TEA. It has been found that the nonaqueous solvent participates in the formation of carbamate in 1 and 2M-DNBA/TEA solutions as a proton acceptor in DNBA-carbamate formation. However, due to the high concentration of the solutions and the basicities of the amines, a significant amount of DNBA which does not form the DNBA-carbamate anion is also found to be participating as a proton acceptor. Pure TEA absorbs only /sup 1///sub 60/ of the absorption by pure DNBA. The extent of TEA participation in the CO/sub 2/-absorption process other than as a proton acceptor in DNBA-carbamate is negligible. The formation of carbamic acid and zwitterion have been found unlikely. 7 tables, 15 figs.
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Prencipe, M. & Ishida, T.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Measurement and analysis of flow wall shear stress in an interior subchannel of triangular array rods. [LMFBR]
A simulated model of triangular array rods with pitch to diameter ratio of 1.10 (as a test section) and air as the fluid flow was used to study the LMFBR hydraulic parameters. The wall shear stress distribution around the rod periphery, friction factors, static pressure distributions and turbulence intensity corresponding to various Reynolds numbers ranging from 4140 to 36170 in the central subchannel were measured. Various approaches for measurement of wall shear stress were compared. The measurement was performed using the Preston tube technique with the probe outside diameter equal to 0.014 in.
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Fakori-Monazah, M.R. & Todreas, N.E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Optimal Linfinity estimates for some Galerkin methods for the Dirichlet problem
Optimal L/sup infinity/ error estimates are established for a few different finite-element-type methods for the Dirichlet problem in a bounded domain. The methods are selected so as to avoid the necessity of imposing boundary conditions on the trial functions, usually difficult in practice. Three specific methods are treated. These are the method of interpolated boundary conditions and two methods of Nitsche. The trial spaces, S/sup h/, consist of continuous piecewise polynomials of degree less than or equal to K-1 with K greater than 2. The model problem treated is -..delta.. ..-->.. u = f in ..cap omega.., u = 0 on delta..cap omega.., ..cap omega.. contained in R/sup 2/. For each method, an approximate solution, u/sup h/, is constructed for h sufficiently small. The main result of this report states that the following error estimate holds for each method: norm (u--u/sup h/)/sub L/sup infinity/(..cap omega..)/ less than or equal to Ch/sup K/norm(u)/sub W/sub infinity//sup K/(..cap omega..)/.
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Goldstein, C I & Scott, R
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Studies of heavy ion reactions and transuranic nuclei. Progress report, June 1, 1976--August 31, 1977. [Summaries of research activities at University of Rochester]
Separate abstracts were prepared for the 12 papers. (JFP)
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Huizenga, J. R.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Cryogenic recovery analysis of forced flow supercritical helium cooled superconductors
A coupled heat conduction and fluid flow method of solution was presented for cryogenic stability analysis of cabled composite superconductors of large scale magnetic coils. The coils are cooled by forced flow supercritical helium in parallel flow channels. The coolant flow reduction in one of the channels during the spontaneous recovery transient, after the conductor undergoes a transition from superconducting to resistive, necessitates a parallel channel analysis. A way to simulate the parallel channel analysis is described to calculate the initial channel inlet flow rate required for recovery after a given amount of heat is deposited. The recovery capability of a NbTi plus copper composite superconductor design is analyzed and the results presented. If the hydraulics of the coolant flow is neglected in the recovery analysis, the recovery capability of the superconductor will be over-predicted.
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Lee, A. Y.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Fall and winter movements and activity of muskrats in east-central Minnesota
None
Date:
August 1, 1974
Creator:
Stolen, Paul Dean
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Energy use in Japan and the United States
This comparative study was undertaken to explain in part the per capita differential between the two countries. In the introduction, the ratios of energy per capita and energy per dollar of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) are presented. The exchange rates utilized to convert GDP to a common currency are discussed in detail. Brief sections on the energy supply and electric generation situation in Japan are included for background information, followed by the body of the report devoted to the energy consumption sectors. The industrial sector merits most attention because Japan's industrial capacity is second only to that of the U.S. among industrialized nations, and it is here where an intercountry comparison can reveal possibilities of technology transfer. First, a gross energy efficiency indicator for all industry (measured as industrial energy use per dollar of GDP originating in industry) is established. This is followed by detailed presentations of specific energy inputs (per ton of product) for four energy-intensive industries: iron and steel, aluminium, cement, and pulp and paper. Sections on transportation, residential, and commercial energy use reveal large differences in consumption largely due to what is labeled ''standard of living'' (housing size, automobile ownership, selection of transportation modes). Finally, the conclusions …
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Doernberg, A
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Industrial fuel gas demonstration plant program. Overall program plan for Task IX. Technical support. Volume I. Plan, schedule and organization. (Deliverable No. 46)
The Industrial Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant Program (MLGW/DOE), Contract ET-77-C-01-2582, has been slowed due to lack of an adequate data base for demonstration plant design. This design data base is to be developed by Institute of Gas Technology (IGT) at their U-GAS pilot plant. While initial data and operating results from the pilot plant have been encouraging, ash-balanced operation with coal using the technique of ash agglomeration has proven to be more difficult than originally envisioned. Ash must be removed from the gasifier at the same rate as it is being fed to achieve overall ash balance. Adequate ash balance has been achieved by bed withdrawal, but in order to attain high levels of carbon utilization, preferential removal of high-ash material from the gasifier will be required. It is the conclusion of all parties involved that the operating parameters necessary to achieve ash balance and high carbon utilization must be demonstrated at the pilot plant level before a full scale demonstration plant design effort is started. IGT, with guidance from the program Steering Committee and assistance from the Technical Sub-Committee has re-evaluated its efforts under Task IX, Technical Support. With a critical assessment of data generated to date and an …
Date:
August 1, 1978
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Response of Shortgrass Plains Vegetation to Chronic and Seasonally Administered Gamma Radiation
In order to determine the effect of radiation on the structure of native shortgrass plains vegetation, an 8750 Ci 137Cs source was installed on the Central Plains Experimental Range near Nunn, Colorado; The experimental area was divided into 6 treatment sectors, a control, 2 sectors for chronic exposure (irradiation initiated April 1969 and continuing as of August 1971), and one each for spring, summer and late fall seasonal semi-acute (30 day), exposures which were administered during April, July and December, 1969, respectively. Community structure was measured by coefficient of community and diversity index. Yield was determined by clipping plots in September 1970 and visual estimates in September 1969 and 1970 for the grass-sedge component of the vegetation. Individual species sensitivity was determined by density data recorded in April, June and September of 1969 and 1970 and by a phenological index recorded at weekly intervals during the 1969 and 1970 growing seasons. The response of the vegetation was similar whether determined by coefficient of community or diversity with diversity being a more sensitive measure of effects. In the chronically exposed sectors, the exposure rate which resulted in a 50 per cent reduction in these 2 parameters (CC50 or D50) was still …
Date:
August 1, 1971
Creator:
Fraley, L. Jr.
Object Type:
Thesis or Dissertation
System:
The UNT Digital Library
MALAPROP user's guide. [For simulating laser light propagation, for CDC7600]
MALAPROP is a CDC 7600 computer program able to simulate laser light propagation through a variety of regions. The primary program task is the integration of the partial differential equation 2in/sub 0/k/sub 0/(partial delta/partial delta z) - g(z)) psi + nabla/sup 2/ psi + 2n/sub 0//sup 2/k/sub 0//sup 2/(n/sub 2//n/sub 0/) (mod psi)/sup 2/ psi = 0 for propagation of a light beam represented by the complex array psi. This equation is computationally integrated for regions with or without gain (g(z)) and for any indices of refraction (n0,n2). In addition, the beam may be spatially filtered or relayed (using FFT methods), expanded or split or passed through an aperture (followed by a no-gain propagation region with a nonlinear index of refraction = 0). Relative amplitude or phase noise may be added to the beam at selected surfaces. Two versions exist allowing for one or two beam dimensions: one space dimension (x; propagation in z) (with saturation) and two space dimensions (x,y; propagation in z) ( without saturation). Optional output includes intensity/phase information (plots and printout), power spectral density information, computed B integral, and saturation information. Initial beam configuration is essentially limited only by array sizes. 2 tables.
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Warren, W. E.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Revised computer programs for ordering, listing, and circulating library books. [Detailed user instructions, but little information on the codes themselves]
None
Date:
August 1, 1975
Creator:
Feldman, M.S.; Wren, H.F. & Buhl, N.A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Comparison of site evaluation methods
This report presents results of tests of different final site selection methods used for siting large-scale facilities such as nuclear power plants. Test data are adapted from a nuclear power plant siting study conducted on Long Island, New York. The purpose of the tests is to determine whether or not different final site selection methods produce different results, and to obtain some understanding of the nature of any differences found. Decision rules and weighting methods are included. Decision rules tested are Weighting Summation, Power Law, Decision Analysis, Goal Programming, and Goal Attainment; weighting methods tested are Categorization, Ranking, Rating Ratio Estimation, Metfessel Allocation, Indifferent Tradeoff, Decision Analysis lottery, and Global Evaluation. Results show that different methods can, indeed, produce different results, but that the probability that they will do so is controlled by the structure of differences among the sites being evaluated. Differences in weights and suitability scores attributable to methods have reduced significance if the alternatives include one or two sites that are superior to all others in many attributes. The more tradeoffs there are among good and bad levels of different attributes at different sites, the more important are the specifics of methods to the final decision. 5 …
Date:
August 1, 1979
Creator:
Rowe, M. D. & Pierce, B. L.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Placental transport of radionuclides. Terminal report, May 1, 1973--July 31, 1975. [Tritiated water, tritium, /sup 14/C, /sup 45/C, and /sup 47/C tracers]
Four successful experiments were conducted with tritiated water on pregnant sheep. This came into equilibrium between fetal and maternal circulations within 60 seconds after injection into the ewe or the fetus. The estimates of total water transport rate averaged 85% of the daily water intake. Six successful experiments were conducted with /sup 3/H- and /sup 14/C-glucose on pregnant ewes. The results for glucose space and transport rate in the ewes agree closely with previously published data. The fetal glucose pool size was large, presumably reflecting the relatively large volume of fetal-placental fluids in exchange with fetal blood. Six successful experiments were conducted with /sup 45/Ca and /sup 47/Ca for 5 days or more on pregnant ewes. The smallest compartment size of exchangeable calcium in mother and fetus were about 2 to 6 hours duration, and the net daily gain of calcium by the fetus was just slightly less in the chronic than in the acute experiments, 0.75 and 0.83 g/day respectively.
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Kronfeld, D.S.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Industrial fuel gas demonstration plant program. Overall program plan for Task IX. Technical support. Volume II. Pilot plant operations. (Deliverable No. 46)
This document is the second of a two-volume Overall Program Plan for rescheduling Task IX (Technical Support) of the Industrial Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant Program (MLGW/DOE), Contract ET-77-C-01-2582. Volume I presents the schedule and organization for carrying out the overall plan which is divided into three major tasks: Bench Scale Tests, Cold-Flow Model Studies, and Pilot Plant Operations. This volume, Volume II, gives a more detailed presentation of the test objectives and procedures for the most important part of the plan, Pilot Plant Operations. The objective of Volume II is to provide a systematic approach to obtain high carbon conversion under steady-state, ash agglomerating conditions with coal in the U-GAS pilot plant. This will allow the achievement of the principal goal of pilot plant operations, that is, to obtain data for the design of the U-GAS demonstration plant. The test program for pilot plant operations has been formulated with the assistance of the Technical Subcommittee which has members from all the parties involved in the Industrial Fuel Gas Demonstration Plant Program, namely, Memphis Light, Gas and Water Division, Department of Energy, Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation, Delta Refining Company, Institute of Gas Technology, and Monsanto Research Corporation.
Date:
August 1, 1978
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Thermal and dynamic effects in electron beam welding cavities
An experimental and analytical study of the temperature distributions along the molten metal surface in an electron beam welding cavity is described. Surface temperature distributions in cavities were measured with a narrow band infrared radiation pyrometer. The availability of the cavity temperature measurements allowed estimates to be made for the vapor pressure and surface energy forces as a function of cavity position. The results indicated a force imbalance occurred in the cavity. It is postulated that at the location of the force imbalance a liquid material projection forms periodically and moves into the path of the electron beam. The liquid in this projection is driven towards the bottom, partially filling the cavity. This action is followed by the electron beam pushing the liquid aside to form a maximum depth cavity. This process is then repeated. An analysis for predicting cavity oscillation frequency shows reasonable agreement with frequencies measured at the weld root determined from weld sections. A study of the measured temperature distributions in cavities of varying depth combined with the force imbalance observations led to an interpretation of when spiking might occur. A procedure is proposed for determining the spiking tendency for a given set of weld parameters. The …
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Schauer, D. A.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Potential for energy conservaton in the metal forming industries. Progress report, July 1, 1978-August 15, 1979
Reduced energy consumption and improved product attributes are realizable benefits that are achievable through the adoption of optimal metal forming techniques. With the meteoric rise in energy costs, certain segments of the metal forming industries have accelerated their efforts in switching from energy intensive manufacturing techniques, e.g., casting, to metal forming, and, furthermore, from hot forming and machined components to cold forming, notably the automotive industry. The first year results of a two year study that will identify and document potential energy and cost savings associated with the adoption of low energy consumption techniques are presented. When compared with techniques requiring energy for hot forming, heat treatments, and excess or scrap material, the utilizaton of alternative metal forming processes offer considerable promise for energy savings. Descriptions of savings achieved by a combination of analytical methods and imaginative new processes are provided in the form of specific industrial case studies. The elimination of defects through the use of an analytical criteria for the prevention of the central burst is presented. Such available criteria for central burst serve as a justification for the desirability to develop criteria for the prevention of fishskin and other defects. Other savings which may be possible through …
Date:
August 1, 1979
Creator:
Avitzur, B.; Beidleman, C. R. & Smackey, B. M.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Semiclassical methods for nonseparable systems
Semiclassical techniques have been widely used for describing the dynamics of molecular collisions. The calculation of discrete energy eigenvalue spectra in bound systems has also employed semiclassical methods. Work has been done toward developing semiclassical theories for rate constants in reactive systems and semiclassical eigenvalues in bound systems. Application of these theories have been made to nonseparable multidimensional systems. Transition-state theory has played an important role in chemical kinetics, and is very useful for approximating reaction rate constants for molecular systems. Many shortcomings of transition-state theory can be attributed to the assumption of separability of motion along the reaction coordinate. Semiclassical approximations have been made to the quantum rate expression, and the resulting semiclassical theory has been applied to the reactive H + H/sub 2/ system. Comparison of this nonseparable theory with quantum scattering calculations shows agreement which is quite good. Although the quantum condition for one-dimensional bound systems is well-known, generalization of these results to multidimensional nonseparable systems is not obvious. Work has been done toward a semiclassical quantum condition which is closest to the approach of Born. The Hamilton--Jacobi equation for the systems is solved in action--angle variables; in this way the classical Hamiltonian can be expressed as …
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Garrett, B.C.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Design of duplex low carbon steels for improved strength: weight applications
Duplex ferrite-martensite (DFM) steels with excellent combinations of strength and formability have been selected from first principles, and their microstructure-property relationships established through a systematic investigation of a series of ternary Fe/X/0.1 C steels (X being varying amount of Cr and Si). Duplex processing consists of initial austenitization and quenching to form 100% martensite, followed by annealing in the (..cap alpha.. + ..gamma..) range and subsequent quenching. The resultant DFM morphology is controlled by the type and amount of alloying element X.
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Koo, J.
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Impact of RCRA on coal gasification wastes
Coal conversion processes offer the potential for almost every possible mode of environmental contamination. Potential environmental pollution will occur from huge streams of wastewater, scores of gaseous vents and enormous quantities of solid materials. The nature of the waste streams is of particular concern in view of the recently enacted Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). The passage and implementation of RCRA poses new levels of control for the traditional solid waste disposal process and establishes a new set of material standards for hazardous wastes in which conforming materials will require even more stringent controls. Key definitions in the Act which may pertain to coal gasification wastes include hazardous waste, sludge and solid waste. It is the goal of this report to collect, analyze, and interpret data and other technical information relevant to solid waste by-product generation, handling, and disposal at existing and future coal conversion plants. The analysis and interpretation of the collected data has been directed towards identifying gaps in the data, potential problem areas in solid waste disposal in view of RCRA, and needed research activities in the area of solid waste disposal.
Date:
August 1, 1979
Creator:
unknown
Object Type:
Report
System:
The UNT Digital Library
Relativistic heavy ion reactions
The present status of the study of central collisions of relativistic heavy ions is presented. The phenomenology is described, and evidence is presented for a source of nucleons from a central region caused by the overlapping densities of the target and projectile. Some of the current theoretical approaches are described including the nuclear fireball model. It appears that there is a quasi-equilibrated region at high temperature, but the signature for the expected effects of high density is not yet clear, and therefore, experimentally, the effects of high density have not been identified.
Date:
August 1, 1977
Creator:
Poskanzer, A.M.
Object Type:
Article
System:
The UNT Digital Library